【大杂院】 铜官窑瓷器题诗二十一首

吕长鸣

<h1 class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: calc(27.2px) !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);">铜官窑瓷器题诗二十一首</h1><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.6em !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"><br style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"></p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: calc(27.2px) !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);">“铜官窑”是唐宋时期的南方瓷窑。位于长沙市望城区铜官镇至石诸湖一带。产品主要是青瓷,多为日常生活用具。</p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.6em !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"><br style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"></p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: calc(27.2px) !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);">铜官窑在唐代烧制的很多执壶等等瓷器,多采用文字作为装饰,这些保留下来,上面装饰的文字,可以使我们直接了解唐代的社会生活,市井文化,还可以直接欣赏到唐人的书法笔迹。</p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.6em !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"><br style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"></p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: calc(27.2px) !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);">《全唐诗续拾》中收入了二十一首这种诗词,命名为“铜官窑瓷器题诗二十一首”。</p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.6em !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"><br style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"></p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: calc(27.2px) !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);">1、亱亱挂长钩,朝朝望楚楼。可怜孤月夜,沧照客心愁。</p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.6em !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"><br style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"></p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: calc(27.2px) !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);">2、圣水出温泉,新阳万里传。常居安乐国,多报未来缘。</p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.6em !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"><br style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"></p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: calc(27.2px) !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);">3、日日思前路,朝朝别主人。行行山水上,处处鸟啼新。</p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.6em !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"><br style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"></p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: calc(27.2px) !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);">4、祇愁啼鸟别,恨送古人多。去后看明月,风光处处过。</p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.6em !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"><br style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"></p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: calc(27.2px) !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);">5、一别行万里,来时未有期。月中三十日,无夜不相思。</p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.6em !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"><br style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"></p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: calc(27.2px) !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);">6、千里人归去,心画一杯中。莫虑前途远,开坑逐便风。</p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.6em !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"><br style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"></p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: calc(27.2px) !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"> 注:“画”疑为“尽”字,“坑”疑为“帆”字。</p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.6em !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"><br style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"></p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: calc(27.2px) !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);">7、小水通大河,山深鸟宿多。主人看客好,曲路亦相过。</p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.6em !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"><br style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"></p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: calc(27.2px) !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);">8、道别即须分,何劳说苦辛。牵牛石上过,不见有蹄痕。</p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.6em !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"><br style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"></p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: calc(27.2px) !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);">9、一月三场战,曾无赏罚为。将军马上坐,将士雪中眠。</p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.6em !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"><br style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"></p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: calc(27.2px) !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"> 注:“眠”字不韵,疑有误。原校改作“归”字, </p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: calc(27.2px) !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"> 尚难确定。</p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.6em !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"><br style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"></p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: calc(27.2px) !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);">10、自入新丰市,唯闻旧酒香。抱琴酤一醉,尽日卧弯汤。</p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.6em !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"><br style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"></p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: calc(27.2px) !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);">11、我有方寸心,无人堪共说。遣风吹却云,言向天边月。</p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.6em !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"><br style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"></p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: calc(27.2px) !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);">12、男儿大丈夫,何用本乡居。明月家家有,黄金何处无。</p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.6em !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"><br style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"></p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: calc(27.2px) !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);">13、客人莫直入,直入主人嗔。扣门三五下,自有出来人。</p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.6em !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"><br style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"></p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: calc(27.2px) !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);">14、君生我未生,我生君已老。君恨我生迟,我恨君生早。</p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.6em !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"><br style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"></p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: calc(27.2px) !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);">15、天地平如水,王道自然开。家中无学子,官从何处来。</p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.6em !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"><br style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"></p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: calc(27.2px) !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);">16、龙门多贵客,出户是贤宾。今日归家去,将与贵人看。</p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.6em !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"><br style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"></p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: calc(27.2px) !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);">17、天吞日月奣,五月已三龙。言身一寸谢,千里重会撞。</p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.6em !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"><br style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"></p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: calc(27.2px) !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"> 注:“末”字疑应为“钟”字。</p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.6em !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"><br style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"></p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: calc(27.2px) !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);">18、上有东流水,下有好山林。主人居此宅,可以斗量金。</p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.6em !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"><br style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"></p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: calc(27.2px) !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);">19、买人心惆怅,卖人心不安。题诗安瓶上,将与卖人看。</p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.6em !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"><br style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"></p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: calc(27.2px) !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);">20、自从君别后,常守旧时心。洛阳来路远,还用几黄金。</p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.6em !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"><br style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"></p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: calc(27.2px) !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);">21、念念催年促,由如少水如。劝诸行过众,修学香无馀。</p><p class="ql-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.6em !important; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: 400; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"><br style='text-align: justify; color: rgb(52, 54, 67); text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.3px; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: pre-line; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;'></p>