<p class="ql-block">国际音标</p><p class="ql-block">长元音 5 个：[ɑː] [ɔː] [ɜː] [iː] [uː]</p><p class="ql-block">短元音 7 个：[ʌ] [ɒ] [ə] [ɪ] [ʊ] [e] [æ]</p><p class="ql-block">双元音 8 个：[eɪ] [aɪ] [ɔɪ] [ɪə] [eə] [ʊə] [əʊ] [aʊ]</p><p class="ql-block">爆破音：[p] [b] [t] [d] [k] [g]</p><p class="ql-block">摩擦音：[f] [v] [θ] [ð] [s] [z] [ʃ] [ʒ] [h] [r]</p><p class="ql-block">破擦音：[tʃ] [dʒ] [tr] [dr] [ts] [dz]</p><p class="ql-block">鼻音：[m] [n] [ŋ]</p><p class="ql-block">舌侧音：[l]</p><p class="ql-block">半元音：[w] [j]</p>