【公社】

荣荣

　　Altona Christian Community

阿尔托纳基督教社区

【Hutterites Colony胡特尔派公社】

网上资料来源：Willie Waldner威利·沃尔德纳

As of 2021, there were 572 Hutterite colonies. These colonies are located in North America, primarily in the Great Plains states, the Pacific Northwest, and Canada.

截至2021年，胡特尔派（Hutterite）共有572个殖民地或公社，这些殖民地位于北美，主要分布在美国大平原各州、太平洋西北地区以及加拿大。United States 美国

* South Dakota has the most Hutterite colonies in the US 南达科他州 拥有全美最多的胡特尔派殖民地/公社。

* Montana has the second most Hutterite colonies in the US 蒙大拿州 拥有全美第二多的胡特尔派殖民地/公社。

* Minnesota has eight colonies 明尼苏达州 共有八个胡特尔派殖民地/公社。

* North Dakota has six colonies 北达科他州 共有六个胡特尔派殖民地/公社。

Hutterites are a Christian Anabaptist group who practice communal living. They are the oldest continuous communal religious order in the United States. Hutterites first settled in South Dakota in 1874.

胡特尔派是一个基督教再洗礼派群体，实行集体生活方式。他们是美国历史最悠久、延续至今的宗教公社组织。胡特尔派最早于1874年定居在南达科他州。

Hutterites immigrated to Canada in 1918 due to persecution in the USA.

由于在美国受到迫害，胡特尔派于1918年移民至加拿大。

Today, John and I drove for an hour, passing by the Candy Store with its lemon-yellow round roof and Jordan, before arriving at the Hutterite Colony in Henderson. John met Willie during a meeting in Mankato, and Willie invited us to visit their community and home.

今天我和约翰开车1个小时，经过柠檬黄色圆屋顶的Candy Store及Jordan，来到了明尼苏达州Henderson的（Hutterites Colony）胡特尔人社区。约翰在Mankato开会时认识了威利。威利邀请我们去他们的社区及家里做客。

Willie was born in 1996 in South Dakota. His wife lived in Montana, and after they got married, they moved to a Hutterite colony in a remote area of Henderson, Minnesota. Their first child is a six-month-old daughter, who is very beautiful!

威利出生于1996年的南达科他州（South Dakota），妻子生活在蒙大拿州，他们结婚后来到了明尼苏达汉德森（Henderson）偏远地区的哈特教派公社（Hutterites Colony），第一个孩子是6个月的女儿，很漂亮！

Willie’s mother, Mariam, has two children: Willie and his younger sister. His sister is married and has two children as well. Mariam is a kind and loving person, and now that she has three grandchildren, she feels especially happy. She came from South Dakota to stay for ten days.

威利的妈妈有两个孩子：儿子威利和威利的妹妹，妹妹结婚了，也有两个孩子。妈妈玛丽亚姆（Mariam）和蔼可亲，现在有3个孙子了，感到特别幸福，从南达科他州来住十天。

Willie’s wife, Rachel, is from Montana. She is the eldest in her family and has one younger sister and two younger brothers.

威利的妻子瑞秋（Rachel）来自蒙大拿州（Montana）。在娘家她是老大，她有一个妹妹好两个弟弟。

They are essentially Americans living together in a socialist-style rural cooperative. The Hutterites are a branch of the Protestant Anabaptists who live in isolation, reject modern life, and practice a high degree of self-governance. Within their settlements, they follow a Christian communist way of life, where daily necessities for individuals and families are provided by the church.

他们实际上就是类似社会主义农村合作社形式生活在一起的美国人。胡特尔人是新教再洗礼派的一支，他们离群索居，拒斥现代生活，并在最大程度上实现了自我治理。定居点内实行基督教（Christian communist life）共产主义，个人和家庭的日常供给来自教会。

Willie told us that a Hutterite community or colony consists of 25 families, with a total of 156 people, living a communal lifestyle similar to a tribal society. Due to their high birth rate, every 10 to 20 years, when the population approaches its limit, they arrange a division, splitting into two separate communities.

威利告诉我们胡特尔人社区或胡尔特人殖民地由25个家庭组成，人数在156人，过着部落公社式的生活。由于生育率非常高，每过十几二十年，当人口接近上限时，就会安排一次分家，拆成两个社区。

Under the leadership of their founder, Jacob Hutter, they developed a communal way of life based on the accounts in the New Testament, specifically the Book of Acts and 2 Corinthians, distinguishing them from other Anabaptist groups. Every morning, the men gather for 45 minutes of Bible study before starting the day.

创始人雅各•胡特尔（Jacob Hutter）的领导下，他们根据《新约全书》中《使徒行传》和《哥林多后书》的叙述，发展出了公社形态的生活方式，使之与其他再洗礼派区别开来。男人们每天早晨起床后先聚在一起学习45分钟的圣经。

Their church is large, and every Sunday, different ministers deliver sermons. After lunch, they sing hymns together to give thanks to God!

他们的教堂特别大，每周日都有不同的牧师讲道，午餐后一起唱赞美诗歌感谢上帝！

The communal dining area is called the “Kitchen” rather than a “Restaurant” because all the meals are free! If it happens to be someone’s birthday, everyone sings a birthday song to celebrate.

聚餐的地方叫“Kitchen”食堂/厨房，不叫“Restaurant”饭店，因为饭菜都是免费的！如果赶上某个人的生日，大家一起唱生日歌祝福！

All the workers in the kitchen are women, as their responsibilities include laundry, cooking, household chores, and raising children. Men, on the other hand, are responsible for providing for the community and creating wealth through intellectual and heavy labor.

在厨房里工作的都是女的，女人的职责就是洗衣、做饭、家务活儿、生儿育女；男人就要养家糊口、为社会创造财富，干的都是脑力、重体力活儿。

Major property, including cars, livestock, food, and daily necessities, is collectively owned by the community. People eat communal meals together every day, but they can also cook their own meals at home if they wish.

我们一路上的参观，感觉他们的生活方式颇有许多共产主义的色彩：主要财产，包括汽车，牲畜，食物，生活用品等等都归公社集体所有，公社中的人们每天集体吃大锅饭，但是自己家里也可以做自己想吃的饭。

Everyone’s work is for the collective benefit of the community. They work incredibly hard, utilizing advanced agricultural technology, making use of their vast land with a small population, expanding markets, and maintaining connections with society. John first met Willie at 2025 Pork Congress in Mankato！【2500 sows ISO】

每个人的工作都是为了公社的共同利益。他们工作特别努力，农耕实现高科技，地广人稀，开拓市场、保持和社会联系！John约翰就是在Mankato2025猪肉大会上认识了Willie威利！

The communal town is very clean, and people’s clothing and household items are well-kept and meticulously maintained.

公社小镇非常整洁，人们的衣着、生活用具也都干净而一丝不苟。

The fertile black soil is mainly used to grow corn, soybeans, potatoes, and various vegetables. The cattle, sheep, pigs and chickens they raise provide ample nutrition for their daily lives!

肥沃的黑土地主要种植玉米、大豆、土豆及各种蔬菜。饲养的牛、羊、鸡、猪为他们的日常生活提供足够的营养！

In the basement, there are ice storage rooms for preserving a variety of vegetables, fruits, and canned or processed foods, allowing for long-term storage. Fresh whole milk, kept in cold storage, is available to drink freely!

地下室有各种冰屋储存各种蔬菜、水果及罐装加工的食品，可以长期保存！低温设备保存的新鲜全脂牛奶随便喝！

The gym/ fitness room, school, library, handicraft room, music room, it's so complete! Factories, workshops, various projects and agricultural heavy machinery are particularly modernized!

健身房、球场、学校、图书馆、手工制作工艺室、音乐室，简直太齐全了！厂房、车间、各种工程、农用重型机械特别现代化！

Willie drove us to his home! He lives in a townhouse that is clean and tidy, with everything you could need—except for a washing machine and dryer! They use a communal laundry room. However, they do have a sewing machine and a lace machine, and Willie’s mother makes beautiful clothes!

威利开车带我们到他的家里！威利家住的是townhouse，干净整洁，样样都有，就是没有洗衣机和烘干机！他们用公共的洗衣机！但是他们家有缝纫机、花边机，威利的妈妈会做漂亮的衣服！

However, above their communal way of life, this Hutterite colony is deeply constrained by religious moral codes—Hutterites place their faith at the center of their lives, and the community’s religious rules permeate all aspects of life. For example, women in the community must tie their hair up and wear headscarves, and they are not allowed to wear makeup. Some of the rules can be quite harsh, such as the requirement for members to marry only within the community, or they must leave. Children in the community are even prohibited from attending public schools outside the community.

但在“共产”生活之上，这个哈特教派公社受到宗教色彩浓重的道德制约——哈特教派本来就是以信仰作为生活的焦点——公社的教规渗透到生活的方方面面。比如公社中的女性都必须将头发束起并戴上头巾，而且不可饰以粉黛；有些教规甚至非常不近人情，比如公社成员必须与本公社成员结婚，否则就必须离开公社；公社里的孩子甚至不可以到外面的公立学校接受教育等等。

While life in the community appears to be prosperous and equal, Hutterites embrace the conveniences brought by modern technology. They use machinery for planting and harvesting, and even use computers and the internet. Hutterite members are pacifists, forbidden from serving in the military or participating in any war activities. They work hard in farming and animal husbandry, and during the harvest season, they hold a grand harvest festival. They live as though in a Heaven of Peace and Happiness Utopian Paradise/Arcadia/Otherworldly Sort of Place.

看来公社里的生活是富足且平等的，哈特人接受现代科技带来的便利，他们使用机械种植收割，甚至使用电脑和互联网。哈特教派成员都是和平主义的信徒，教派成员都被禁止服兵役以及参与一切战争活动，他们平时勤劳的耕作、饲养牲畜，在每年丰收的季节会举办盛大的丰收节。他们如同生活在“世外桃源”。