诗圣著千秋 人日长相忆

江上风清

<p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">草堂春色来天地,人日的清风,裁出了草堂诗情荡漾的春意。锦水春风,浣花流韵。梅园盈香,花木含情。草堂人日,春归人来,怀着崇敬与感怀,游草堂,寻芳踪,祭拜诗圣,凭吊先贤。吟唱杜诗、赏梅祈福,感悟文心,共传流芳千秋的一脉斯文。人日草堂,好一派春风诗意的盛景。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">正月初七人日游草堂,祭拜诗圣,缘起杜甫与高适的神仙友情。唐天宝三年(公元744年)李白、杜甫、高适三人同游梁宋(今开封和商丘)。登吹台,游梁园,狩猎于孟诸野泽,饮酒赋诗,怀古论今,结下深厚的情谊,成为文学史上的一段佳话。唐上元二年(公元761年),高适时任蜀州(今崇州)刺史,杜甫则流寓草堂,此间他俩吟诗唱和,过从甚密,高适为解杜甫生活之困苦而给予的资助,进一步加深了两人的友情。是年正月初七高适赋诗《人日寄杜二拾遗》寄赠杜甫,以表思念。“人日题诗寄草堂,遥怜故人思故乡。 柳条弄色不忍见,梅花满枝空断肠。”一片肺腑相知的挚言,情长谊深,思念之情笃厚,给杜甫带来极大安慰。大历五年(770年),离开成都漂泊于湖南湘江的杜甫偶翻书帙,重读了高适在九年前人日所寄之诗。而此时杜甫已至多愁多病的暮年,高适早已故去。睹诗思人,感慨万分:“泪洒行间,读终篇末。”于是作下《追酬故高蜀州人日见寄》“自蒙蜀州人日作,不意清诗久零落”一诗以寄哀思。令人泪目的深情,其情真入心,其意深入魂,二人真挚的友情和隔着时空的唱和,实在感人肺腑,动人心魄,也为文学史上这一段感人至深的佳话,添了几分风雅而广为传颂。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">清咸丰二年(1852年),大书法家何绍基任四川学政,在由果州(南充市)返成都的途中,因感杜甫、高适“人日”唱和的千秋诗坛佳话,拟就“锦水春风公占却,草堂人日我归来”一联,于人日来到草堂祭拜诗圣,献上此联,引起轰动。后来文人墨客竞相效仿,以至每年人日群贤少长,云集草堂,吟诵诗词,凭吊诗圣,蔚然成风,绵延至今。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">今天浣花溪畔,诗风雅集,春风化雨。风雅间,情无限,意绵延。以诗寄情,雅韵流觞,延续着千年崇敬的精神向往和世代怀念的文脉传承。人日草堂归来,无不是两袖诗香,身心双畅,春风得意在眉宇心田。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"><span class="ql-cursor"></span></span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"></span></p> <p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"></span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">异代不同时,问如此江山,龙蜷虎卧几诗客;</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">先生亦流寓,有长留天地,月白风清一草堂。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> --[清]顾复初</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"></span></p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">至于子美,盖所谓上薄风骚,下该沈宋,言夺苏李,气夺曹刘,掩颜谢之孤高,杂徐庾之流丽,尽得古今之体势,而兼人人之所独专矣。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> --[唐]元稹</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"></span></p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">李杜文章在,光焰万丈长。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> --[唐]韩愈</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"></span></p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">杜是贯穿古今,尽工尽善,殆过于李。 </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> --[唐]白居易</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"></span></p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">后人对杜甫的评价 尽得古今之体势,而兼人人之所独专矣。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> --[唐]元稹</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"></span></p> <p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> 人日寄杜二拾遗</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> [ 唐 ] 高适</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">人日题诗寄草堂,遥怜故人思故乡。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">柳条弄色不忍见,梅花满枝空断肠。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">身在远藩无所预,心怀百忧复千虑。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">今年人日空相忆,明年人日知何处。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"><span class="ql-cursor"></span></span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"></span></p> <p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> 追酬故高蜀州人日见寄</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> [ 唐·杜甫 ]</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">自蒙蜀州人日作,不意清诗久零落。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">今晨散帙眼忽开,迸泪幽吟事如昨。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">呜呼壮士多慷慨,合沓高名动寥廓。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">叹我凄凄求友篇,感时郁郁匡君略。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">锦里春光空烂熳,瑶墀侍臣已冥莫。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">潇湘水国傍鼋鼍,鄠杜秋天失雕鹗。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">东西南北更谁论,白首扁舟病独存。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">遥拱北辰缠寇盗,欲倾东海洗乾坤。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">边塞西蕃最充斥,衣冠南渡多崩奔。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">鼓瑟至今悲帝子,曳裾何处觅王门。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">文章曹植波澜阔,服食刘安德业尊。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">长笛谁能乱愁思,昭州词翰与招魂。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"></span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"><span class="ql-cursor"></span></span></p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">锦水春风公占却,草堂人日我归来。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> --(清)何绍基</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"></span></p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">思君若汶水,浩荡寄南征。 </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">--李白《沙丘城下寄杜甫》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><br></p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">皆所谓光明正大,疏畅洞达,磊磊落落而不可掩者也。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> --[宋]朱熹</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"></span></p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">花学红绸舞,径开锦里春。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> --郭沫若</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"><span class="ql-cursor"></span></span></p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">名望重三唐,是谁敌手?陵厉骚坛,春树暮云,竞传白也诗篇上;</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">遭逢同五代,故事回头,纵谈天宝,秋风茅屋,令我呜呼感概多。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> --[清]万慎子</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"></span></p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">借问别来太瘦生,总为从前作诗苦。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> --李白《戏赠杜甫》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"></span></p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">杜甫天才颇绝伦,每寻诗卷似情亲。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">怜渠直道当时语,不著心源傍古人。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> --[唐]元稹</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"></span></p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">春日百花潭,淘尽郑公辙迹;</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">秋风一茅屋,经过丞相祠堂。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> --(清)陈逢元</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"></span></p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">独有工部称全美,当日诗人无拟论。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> --[唐]韩愈</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"></span></p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">野花天宝相,秋雨杜陵碑。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> --[清]谢威风</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"></span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"><span class="ql-cursor"></span></span></p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">我总觉得陶潜站得稍稍远一点,李白站得稍稍高一点,这也是时代使然。杜甫似乎不是古人,就好像今天还活在我们堆里似的。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> --鲁迅</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"></span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"><span class="ql-cursor"></span></span></p> <p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> 春夜喜雨</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> 杜甫</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> 好雨知时节,当春乃发生。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> 随风潜入夜,润物细无声。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> 野径云俱黑,江船火独明。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> 晓看红湿处,花重锦官城。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"><span class="ql-cursor"></span></span></p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">十年幕府悲秦月;一卷唐诗补蜀风。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> --高晓宇</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"><span class="ql-cursor"></span></span></p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"></p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">水石适幽居,想溪外微吟,翠竹白沙依草阁。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">楼台开暮景,结花间小队,野梅官柳接春城。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> --[清]何绍基</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"></span></p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">自许诗成风雨惊,将平生硬语愁吟,开得宋贤两派;</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">莫言地僻经过少,看此日寒泉配食,远同吴郡三高。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> --[清]王闿运</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"></span></p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">吏情更觉沧洲远,诗卷长留天地间。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> --[清]吴棠</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"></span></p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">侧身天地更怀古,独立苍茫自咏诗。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> --谢无量</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"><span class="ql-cursor"></span></span></p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"></p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">虽然子美诗妙处乃在无意为文,夫无意而意已至,非广之以《国风》《雅》《颂》,深之以《离骚》《九歌》,安能咀嚼其意味,闯然而入其门耶?故使后生辈自求之,则得之深矣;使后之登大雅堂者,能以余说而求之,则思过半矣。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> --(宋)黄庭坚《大雅堂记》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"></span></p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">世间好语言,已被老杜道尽。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> --[宋]王安石《陈辅之诗话》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"></span></p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">穷高妙之格,极豪逸之气,包冲淡之趣,兼俊洁之姿,备藻丽之态,而诸家之所不及。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> --[宋]秦观</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"></span></p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">文章垂世自一事,忠义凛凛令人思</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> --[宋]陆游</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"><span class="ql-cursor"></span></span></p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">花径故依然,为公拥篲蚤除,不教戎马嗟词</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">兵戈犹未已,更我搘维暂住,莫误群鸥认主人</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> --(清)林思进</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"></span></p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">古人为诗,贵于意在言外,使人思而得之,故言之者无罪,闻之者足戒也。近世诗人惟杜子美最得诗人之体。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> --[宋]司马光</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"></span></p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">此地经过春未老,伊人宛在水之涯。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> --[清]谭光祜</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"></span></p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">歌吟成史乘,忠君爱国,每饭不忘,诗卷遂成唐变雅;</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">仕隐好溪山,迁客骚人,多聚于此,草堂应作鲁灵光。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> --[清]严岳莲</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"><span class="ql-cursor"></span></span></p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">谁知杜陵杰,名与谪仙高。扫地收千轨,争标看两艘。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> --[宋]苏轼</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"></span></p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">忠爱托诗人,李谪仙差许齐名,奚屑三唐科第;</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">栖迟因地主,严节度颇称知己,尚留数亩湖山。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> --(明)陆次山</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"></span></p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">锦里先生为老伴,玉霄散吏是头衔。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> --(清)谢威风</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"></span></p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"><span class="ql-cursor"></span>杜甫天才颇绝伦,每寻诗卷似情亲。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">怜渠直道当时语,不著心源傍古人。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> --[唐]元稹</span></p><p class="ql-block"><br></p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">人们提到杜甫时,尽可以忽略杜甫的生地和死地,却总忘不了成都的草堂。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> --冯至</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"></span></p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">他是什么地方人?很多人会说是四川成都,那是因为杜甫草堂在那里。应该感谢历代成都民众保护了草堂,让这位四处漂泊的诗人有了一个落脚的纪念地。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"> --余秋雨</span></p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"></span></p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;"></span></p>