莎翁情诗第一首

诗琳外语

<p class="ql-block">十四行诗第一首</p><p class="ql-block">Sonnet 1</p><p class="ql-block">原著:莎士比亚</p><p class="ql-block">翻译:谢诗琳</p> <p class="ql-block">From fairest creatures we desire increase,</p><p class="ql-block">That thereby beauty's rose might never die,</p><p class="ql-block">But as the riper should by time decease,</p><p class="ql-block">His tender heir might bear his memory;</p><p class="ql-block">我们企盼绝美的生命多多地繁殖,</p><p class="ql-block">这样,美的玫瑰就永远不会枯绝,</p><p class="ql-block">但既然花朵盛开后定会衰败凋谢,</p><p class="ql-block">就该让娇嫩的后代继承它的美貌。</p> <p class="ql-block">But thou, contracted to thine own bright eyes,</p><p class="ql-block">Feed'st thy light's flame with self - substantial fuel,</p><p class="ql-block">Making a famine where abundance lies,</p><p class="ql-block">Thyself thy foe, to thy sweet self too cruel.</p><p class="ql-block">可是你只与自己明亮的眼睛订婚,</p><p class="ql-block">把自己当燃料在燃烧中发出光焰,</p><p class="ql-block">结果富饶的地方因此出现了饥荒,</p><p class="ql-block">与自己为敌,对美的自我太狠心。</p> <p class="ql-block">Thou that art now the world's fresh ornament,</p><p class="ql-block">And only herald to the gaudy spring,</p><p class="ql-block">Within thine own bud buriest thy content,</p><p class="ql-block">And, tender churl, mak'st waste in niggarding.</p><p class="ql-block">你如今是打扮世界的鲜艳的花朵,</p><p class="ql-block">而且你还是绚丽春天的杰出使者,</p><p class="ql-block">你竟在自己的花蕊中把后代掩埋,</p><p class="ql-block">温柔的暴君哦,你越吝啬越浪费。</p> <p class="ql-block">Pity the world, or else this glutton be,</p><p class="ql-block">To eat the world's due, by the grave and thee.</p><p class="ql-block">可怜这尘世吧,不然你这贪食者,</p><p class="ql-block">将与坟墓合伙把自我和后代吞噬。</p> <p class="ql-block">翻译欣赏</p><p class="ql-block"> 这首诗开篇 “From fairest creatures we desire increase”,直译为 “我们企盼绝美的生命多多地繁殖”,简洁有力地表明人们对美好繁衍的期望,为全诗奠定追求生命延续与美的传承的基调。“That thereby beauty's rose might never die”,“这样,美的玫瑰就永远不会枯绝”,将美具象化为玫瑰,生动展现人们希望美永恒的愿景。“But as the riper should by time decease, His tender heir might bear his memory”,“但既然花朵盛开后定会衰败凋谢,就该让娇嫩的后代继承它的美貌”,以自然规律中花朵的兴衰,引出后代传承美的重要性,逻辑清晰。</p><p class="ql-block"> 第二节 “But thou, contracted to thine own bright eyes”,“可是你只与自己明亮的眼睛订婚”,这里 “contracted” 原意有 “订婚、契约” 之意,形象地刻画主人公只关注自身,沉浸在自我世界。“Feed'st thy light's flame with self - substantial fuel”,“把自己当燃料在燃烧中发出光焰”,用比喻手法,描绘主人公自我消耗,不顾及传承。“Making a famine where abundance lies”,“结果富饶的地方因此出现了饥荒”,通过 “丰饶” 与 “饥荒” 的强烈对比,突出其行为导致的不良后果。“Thyself thy foe, to thy sweet self too cruel”,“与自己为敌,对美的自我太狠心”,进一步强调主人公行为对自身美好延续的破坏。</p><p class="ql-block"> 第三节 “Thou that art now the world's fresh ornament, And only herald to the gaudy spring”,“你如今是打扮世界的鲜艳的花朵,而且你还是绚丽春天的杰出使者”,用两个生动比喻,将主人公比作世界的装饰、春天的使者,强调其美好与重要性。“Within thine own bud buriest thy content”,“你竟在自己的花蕊中把后代掩埋”,描绘主人公自我封闭,放弃繁衍后代,阻断美的传承。“And, tender churl, mak'st waste in niggarding”,“温柔的暴君哦,你越吝啬越浪费”,“温柔” 与 “暴君” 矛盾修饰,精准地体现主人公看似温柔,实则因吝啬阻碍繁衍而造成浪费的矛盾形象。</p><p class="ql-block"> 结尾 “Pity the world, or else this glutton be, To eat the world's due, by the grave and thee”,“可怜这尘世吧,不然你这贪食者,将与坟墓合伙把自我和后代吞噬”,以呼吁的口吻,警告主人公若不改变,将与坟墓一同吞噬世界应得的美好传承,强化诗歌主旨,即个体应肩负起传承美的责任,避免自我毁灭与美的消逝。</p><p class="ql-block"> 整首诗翻译忠实传达原文意象与情感,在韵律上虽未严格遵循原文格律,但在语义表达和情感传递上较好地呈现了原诗风貌。</p> <p class="ql-block">原著作者简介</p><p class="ql-block"> 威廉·莎士比亚(1564-1616),英国文艺复兴时期戏剧家、诗人。一生创作37部剧本等,有四大悲剧等经典,是人文主义文学集大成者,其十四行诗成了英国十四行诗的代表。</p> <p class="ql-block">翻译简介</p><p class="ql-block"> 谢诗琳,诗琳外语,前南昌大学人武学院外语系主任、副教授,英汉翻译爱好者,翻译出版了莎士比亚十四行诗全集和培根随笔全集。在"美篇"有部分中国、英美文学名著选译作品。</p>