<p class="ql-block">1. 问候 Greetings</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">正式与常见表达:“Good morning/afternoon/evening.” 适用于不同时段,较为正式。更随意的 “Hello/Hi. ” 则在日常交流中频繁使用 。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">询问近况:“How are you?” 对方通常回应 “Fine, thank you. And you?” 或 “Very well, thank you.” 。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">2. 介绍 Introductions</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">介绍他人:用 “This is Mr/Mrs/Miss/Comrade...” 来向他人介绍第三方。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">初次见面寒暄:初次见面时,“How do you do?” 较为正式,回应也用 “How do you do?” ;而 “Nice/Glad to see/meet you.” 更为常用,回答可用 “Nice/Glad to see/meet you, too.” 。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">自我介绍:“My name is... I'm a student/worker/...” 用于介绍自己的姓名和身份。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">3. 告别 Farewells</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">表达离开:“I think it's time for me to leave now.” 礼貌地表明要离开。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">告别语:常用 “Goodbye!(Bye - bye! Bye!)” 。期待下次见面可说 “See you later/tomorrow. (See you.)” ,晚上分别则用 “Good night.” 。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">4. 打电话 Making telephone calls</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">拨打电话:“Hello! May I speak to...?” 或 “Is that...(speaking)?” 用来表明想和某人通话 。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">接听电话:让对方稍等用 “Hold on, please.” ,若要找的人不在,可说 “He/She isn't here right now. Can I take a message for you?” 。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">说明来意:“I called to tell/ask you...” 直接表明打电话的目的 。通话结束说 “Goodbye.” 。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">5. 感谢和应答 Thanks and responses</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">表达感谢:“Thank you (very much). Thanks a lot. Many thanks. Thanks for...” 多种方式表达感激。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">回应感谢:可用 “Not at all. That's all right. You're welcome.” 回应,传递不客气的意思。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">6. 祝愿,祝贺和应答 Good wishes, congratulations, responses</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">表达祝愿:祝福好运说 “Good luck!” ,给予对方美好期许用 “Best wishes to you.” ;祝对方玩得开心用 “Have a nice/good time.” ;祝贺他人成功等用 “Congratulations!” 。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">节日或生日祝福:“Happy New Year! Merry Christmas! Happy birthday to you!” 分别用于新年、圣诞节、生日等场合。回应别人的祝福,如果是大家共同的节日,可说 “The same to you.” 。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">7. 意愿 Intentions</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">表达计划:“I'm going to...” 或 “I will...” 阐述自己将要做的事。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">表达想做某事:“I want/hope to...” 表明内心的想法和期望。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">8. 道歉和应答 Apologies and responses</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">道歉表达:“I'm sorry. (Sorry.)” 是常见的道歉,为某事道歉用 “I'm sorry for/about...” 。需要打扰别人时用 “Excuse me.” 。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">接受道歉:回应道歉可用 “That's all right. It doesn't matter. That's nothing.” ,表示不介意。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">9. 遗憾和同情 Regrets and sympathy</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">表达遗憾:看到不好的事情发生,说 “What a pity!” 。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">对他人遭遇表示同情:“I'm sorry to hear...” 用于表达对他人不幸遭遇的同情。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">10. 邀请和应答 Invitations and responses</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">发出邀请:“Will you come to...?” 或 “Would you like to...?” 礼貌地邀请对方。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">接受邀请:“Yes, I'd love to...” 或 “Yes, it's very kind/nice of you.” 热情接受 。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">婉拒邀请:如果不能赴约,用 “I'd love to, but...” ,并说明原因。</p> <p class="ql-block">11. 提供 (帮助等) 和应答 Offers and responses</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">主动提供帮助:“Can I help you? What can I do for you? Here, take this/my... Let me...for you. Would you like some...?” 主动询问对方是否需要帮助。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">接受帮助:“Thanks. That would be nice/fine. Thank you for your help. Yes, please.” 接受他人的帮助。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">拒绝帮助:拒绝时用 “No, thanks/thank you. That's very kind of you, but...” ,语气要委婉。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">12. 请求允许和应答 Asking for permission and responses</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">请求许可:用 “May I...?” 或 “Can/Could I...?” 询问是否可以做某事。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">同意请求:“Yes/Certainly. Yes, do please. Of course (you may). That's OK/all right.” 表示同意。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">拒绝请求:如果不能同意,可委婉说 “I'm sorry, but...” 或 “You'd better not.” 。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">13. 表示同意和不同意 Expressing agreement and disagreement</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">表示同意:“Certainly/Sure/Of course. Yes, please. Yes, I think so.” 这些表达都表示赞同对方观点。还可以说 “That's true/OK. That's a good idea. I agree (with you).” </p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">表示不同意:No,I don't think so.I'm afraid not.I really can't agree with you.</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">14. 表示肯定和不肯定 Expressing certainty and uncertainty</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">肯定表达:</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“I'm sure.” 直截了当地表明自己很确定。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“I'm sure (that)...” 后接从句,进一步阐述确定的内容,例如 “I'm sure (that) he will come.”(我确定他会来。)</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">不肯定表达:</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“I'm not sure.” 说明自己不确定。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“I'm not sure whether/if...” 用于表达对某事不确定,后接从句,如 “I'm not sure whether/if it will rain tomorrow.”(我不确定明天是否会下雨。)</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“Maybe/Perhaps” 意思是 “也许,大概”,同样表达不确定,可置于句首,例如 “Maybe/Perhaps he is right.”(也许他是对的。)</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">15. 喜好和厌恶 Likes and dislikes</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">喜好表达:</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“I like/love...(very much).” 表明 “我(非常)喜欢……”,例如 “I like music (very much).”(我非常喜欢音乐。)</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“I like/love to...” 表示喜欢做某事,如 “I like to read books.”(我喜欢读书。)</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">厌恶表达:</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“I don't like (to)...” 表示 “我不喜欢(做)……”,例如 “I don't like to watch TV.”(我不喜欢看电视。)</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“I hate (to)...” 表达 “我讨厌(做)……”,语气比 “don't like” 更强烈,如 “I hate (to) eat onions.”(我讨厌吃洋葱。)</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">16. 谈论天气 Talking about the weather</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">询问天气:</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“What's the weather like today?” 和 “How's the weather in...?” 都用于询问天气情况,前者询问当天天气,后者可询问特定地点的天气,例如 “How's the weather in Beijing?”(北京天气怎么样?)</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">描述天气:</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“It's fine/cloudy/windy/rainy/...” 用于描述天气状况,分别表示 “天气晴朗 / 多云 / 有风 / 下雨……”。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“It's rather warm/cold/hot/... today, isn't it?” 用于描述天气冷热程度,并通过反义疑问句与对方互动,例如 “It's rather hot today, isn't it?”(今天相当热,不是吗?)</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">17. 购物 Shopping</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">店员用语:</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“What can I do for you?” 和 “May/Can I help you?” 是店员招呼顾客的常用语,意思是 “我能为您做些什么?”。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">顾客需求表达:</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“I want/I'd like...” 表明顾客想要购买的东西,例如 “I want a pair of shoes.”(我想要一双鞋。) 或 “I'd like a cup of coffee.”(我想要一杯咖啡。)</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">询问价格及回应:</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“How much is it?” 用于询问商品价格。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">如果觉得价格贵,可说 “That's too expensive, I'm afraid.”(恐怕太贵了。) 若觉得价格合适并决定购买,可用 “That's fine. I'll take it.”(很好,我买了。) 另外,“Let me have...kilo/box/...” 可用来表达购买的数量,如 “Let me have two kilos of apples.”(给我两公斤苹果。)</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">其他询问:</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“How many/much do you want?” 用于询问顾客想要购买的数量,可数名词用 “How many”,不可数名词用 “How much”。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“What colour/size/kind do you want?” 询问顾客对商品颜色、尺寸、种类的需求。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“Do you have any other kind/size/colour/...?” 顾客询问是否有其他种类、尺寸、颜色等的商品。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">18. 问路和应答 Asking the way and responses</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">问路表达:</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“Excuse me. Where's the men's/ladies' room?” 用于询问男士 / 女士洗手间的位置。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“Excuse me, can you tell me the way to...?” 和 “How can I get to...?” 是更通用的问路方式,询问去某地的路,例如 “Excuse me, can you tell me the way to the post office?”(打扰一下,你能告诉我去邮局的路吗?) 或 “How can I get to the hospital?”(我怎么去医院呢?)</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“I don't know the way.” 可用于表明自己不认识路,同时向他人求助。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">指路回应:</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“Go down this street.” 意思是 “沿着这条街走”。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“Turn right/left at the first/second crossing.” 表示 “在第一 / 第二个十字路口向右 / 左转”。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“It's about...metres from here.” 说明距离此地大约有多远,例如 “It's about 200 metres from here.”(离这儿大约 200 米。)</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">19. 问时间或日期和应答 Asking the time or date and responses</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">询问时间和日期:</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“What day is (it) today?” 询问今天是星期几。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“What's the date today?” 用于询问今天的日期。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“What time is it?” 和 “What's the time, please?” 都用来询问现在几点了。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">回答时间和日期:</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“It's Monday/Tuesday/...” 回答星期几。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“It's January 10th.” 回答具体日期。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“It's five o'clock/half past five/a quarter to five/five thirty/...” 回答具体时间,分别表示 “五点 / 五点半 / 差一刻五点 / 五点半……”。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“It's time for...” 表示 “是做…… 的时候了”,例如 “It's time for lunch.”(是吃午饭的时候了。)</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">20. 请求 Requests</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">委婉请求:</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“Can/Could you...for me?” “Will/would you please...?” 以及 “May I have...?” 都是很礼貌的请求方式,例如 “Can you help me with my homework?”(你能帮我做家庭作业吗?) “Would you please pass me the book?”(请你把书递给我好吗?) “May I have a glass of water?”(我可以喝杯水吗?)</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">指令性请求:</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“Please give/pass me...” 直接请求对方给或递给自己某物,如 “Please give me that pen.”(请给我那支笔。)</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“Please wait (here/a moment).” 让对方在某地稍等一会儿。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“Please wait for your turn.” 提醒对方排队等候。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“Please stand in line/line up.” 意思是 “请排队”。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“Please hurry.” 催促对方快点。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">禁止性请求:</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“Don't rush/crowd.” 表示 “不要着急 / 拥挤”。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“No noise, please.” 意思是 “请不要喧哗”。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“No smoking, please.” 即 “请勿吸烟”。</p> <p class="ql-block">21. 劝告和建议 Advice and suggestions</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">直接劝告:</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“You'd better...” 表示 “你最好……”,后接动词原形,例如 “You'd better go to bed early.”(你最好早点睡觉。)</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“You should...” 意为 “你应该……”,同样后接动词原形,如 “You should study hard.”(你应该努力学习。)</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“You need (to)...” 表示 “你需要……”,例如 “You need to drink more water.”(你需要多喝水。)</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">委婉建议:</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“Shall we...?” 用于提议一起做某事,例如 “Shall we go for a walk?”(我们去散步好吗?)</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“Let's...” 意思是 “让我们……”,例如 “Let's play basketball.”(让我们打篮球吧。)</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“What/How about...?” 后接名词、代词或动名词,提出建议,如 “What/How about going swimming?”(去游泳怎么样?)</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">22. 禁止和警告 Prohibition and warnings</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">明确禁止:</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“You can't/mustn't...” 表示 “你不能……”,语气强硬,用于禁止某人做某事,例如 “You can't play with fire.”(你不能玩火。) “You mustn't talk loudly in the library.”(你不能在图书馆大声喧哗。)</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“If you..., you'll...” 表示 “如果你……,你将会……”,通过假设后果来警告对方,例如 “If you don't wear a helmet, you'll get hurt.”(如果你不戴头盔,你会受伤的。)</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">警告提醒:</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“Take care! Be careful! Look out!” 都表示 “小心!注意!”,用于提醒对方注意潜在危险。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">23. 表示感情 Expressing certain emotions</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">喜悦 Pleasure & Joy:</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“I'm glad/pleased/happy to...” 表达 “我很高兴做……”,例如 “I'm glad to see you.”(见到你我很高兴。)</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“That's nice.” “That's wonderful/great.” 都用于表达对某事感到满意、赞赏,意思是 “那很好。”“那太棒了。”</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">焦虑 Anxiety:</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“What's wrong?” 和 “What's the matter (with you)?” 用于询问对方怎么了,出什么事了。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“I'm/He's/She's worried.” 表达 “我 / 他 / 她很担心”。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“Oh, what shall I/we do?” 表示 “哦,我 / 我们该怎么办呢?”,体现出焦虑情绪。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">惊奇 Surprise:Really?Oh dear?Is that so?</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">24. 就餐 Taking meals</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">询问点餐:</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“What would you like to have?” 直截了当地询问对方想吃什么。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“Would you like something to eat/drink?” 则更宽泛地询问对方是否想吃点或喝点什么。回答通常用 “I'd like...” ,表明自己想要的食物或饮品,例如 “I'd like a hamburger and a cup of coffee.”(我想要一个汉堡和一杯咖啡。)</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">劝餐:</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“Would you like some more...?” 询问对方是否想再来点……,如 “Would you like some more rice?”(你想再来点米饭吗?)</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“Help yourself to some...” 表示 “请随便吃点……”,用于招待客人,比如 “Help yourself to some fruits.”(请随便吃点水果。)</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">回应劝餐:</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">如果已经吃饱了,可说 “Thank you. I've had enough.”(谢谢,我已经吃饱了。)</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">如果还想再吃一点,就说 “Just a little, please.”(请给我来一点。)</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">25. 约会 Making appointments</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">提议约会:</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“Are you free this afternoon/evening?” 询问对方当天下午或晚上是否有空。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“How about tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening?” 提出明天某个时段的约会建议。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“Shall we meet at 4:30 at...?” 具体提议在某个时间和地点见面,例如 “Shall we meet at 4:30 at the school gate?”(我们四点半在学校门口见面好吗?)</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">同意约会:</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“Yes, that's all right.” 和 “Yes, I'll be free then.” 都表示同意约会,说明那个时间自己有空。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">拒绝约会:</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“No, I won't be free then. But I'll be free...” 表明当时没空,但告知对方自己其他的空闲时间,例如 “No, I won't be free then. But I'll be free next Monday.”(不,那时我没空。但我下周一有空。)</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">确认约会:</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“All right. See you then.” 表示同意约会安排,到时候见。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">26. 传递信息 Passing on a message</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">请求传信:</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“Will you please give this note/message to...?” 请对方把纸条或信息传递给某人,例如 “Will you please give this note to Tom?”(你能把这张纸条给汤姆吗?)</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">感谢传信:</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“Thanks for the message.” 用于收到他人传递的信息后表示感谢。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">27. 看病 Seeing the doctor</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">描述病情:</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“There's something wrong with...” 表示 “…… 出了点问题”,用来指出身体不适的部位,如 “There's something wrong with my stomach.”(我肚子不舒服。)</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“I've got a cough.” 说明自己咳嗽。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“I feel terrible (bad).” 和 “I don't feel well.” 都表达自己感觉不舒服。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“I've got a pain here.” 及 “This place hurts.” 指出具体疼痛的部位,例如 “I've got a pain in my head.”(我头疼。)“This place on my leg hurts.”(我腿上这个地方疼。)</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">医生建议:</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“Take this medicine three times a day.” 嘱咐病人一天吃三次这种药。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“Drink plenty of water and have a good rest.” 建议病人多喝水,好好休息。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“It's nothing serious. You'll be right/well soon.” 告诉病人病情不严重,很快就会好起来。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">28. 求救 Calling for help</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">求救呼喊:</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“Help!” 是最直接的求救信号,在遇到危险或需要帮助时大声呼喊。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">询问状况:</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“What's the matter?” 听到求救声后,询问发生了什么事。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">29. 语言困难 Language difficulties</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">请求重复或解释:</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“Pardon.” 用于没听清对方说话,请求对方再说一遍。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“Please say that again/more slowly.” 明确请求对方重复或说得慢一点。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“What do you mean by...?” 询问对方某个表述的意思,例如 “What do you mean by...?” 询问对方某个表述的意思,例如 “What do you mean by ‘it's a piece of cake’?”(你说 ‘it's a piece of cake’ 是什么意思?)表达理解困难:“I'm sorry I can't follow you.” 表示抱歉自己跟不上对方的讲话,没听懂。“I'm sorry I know only a little English.” 说明自己英语懂得不多,所以可能理解有困难。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">30. 常见的标志和说明 Some common signs and instructions</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">营业时间相关:“BUSINESS HOURS” 表示 “营业时间”,通常会在商店、公司等场所标识,告知顾客或访客正常营业的时间段。“OFFICE HOURS” 指 “办公时间”,用于办公室等工作场所,说明工作人员的正常办公时段。物品状态与操作提示:“FRAGILE” 意为 “易碎”,常见于易碎物品的包装上,提醒搬运或使用者小心。“THIS SIDE UP” 表示 “此面朝上”,同样用于包装,指示物品放置方向,避免因错误放置造成损坏。“PULL” 意思是 “拉”,一般在门、抽屉等需要拉动的地方标识,提示使用方式。“PUSH” 表示 “推”,与 “PULL” 相对,指示需要推动的操作,如在一些门或障碍物上会有此标识。场所状态与限制:“OPEN” 表示 “营业中” 或 “开放”,用于商店、场馆等场所,告知当前处于可进入或可交易状态。“CLOSED” 则是 “关闭” 的意思,与 “OPEN” 相反,表明场所不营业或不开放。“ENTRANCE” 指 “入口”,引导人们前往进入场所的位置。“EXIT” 表示 “出口”,用于指示离开场所的方向。</p><p class="ql-block">禁止类标识:“NO SMOKING” 即 “禁止吸烟”,在一些公共场所,如医院、图书馆、商场等,为了保障公共环境和他人健康,会设置此标识。“NO PARKING” 表示 “禁止停车”,一般在不允许停车的区域,如消防通道、私人车道等地方标识。“NO PHOTOS” 意为 “禁止拍照”,在一些不适合拍照的场所,如博物馆的某些展厅、私人活动场所等会有此标志。</p><p class="ql-block">警示标识:“DANGER!” 表示 “危险!”,用于提醒人们注意周围存在危险情况,如施工现场、危险区域等。操作与功能标识:“PLAY” 常见于电子设备或娱乐设施上,意思是 “播放”,指示该按钮或操作可启动播放功能。“STOP” 表示 “停止”,用于停止设备运行、操作等,如在机器、播放器等设备上。“PAUSE” 意思是 “暂停”,用于暂时中断正在进行的操作,如视频播放、机器运转等。“INSTRUCTIONS” 指 “使用说明”,一般会在产品、设备等附带的文档或标签上出现,指导使用者正确操作。</p>