<p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">秋天里,有许多美好小事,比</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">如赏银杏、听秋雨、闻桂香、登</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">高等等。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">不过,秋日观秋虫也是一件乐事</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">茫茫秋色里,你会发现许多有趣</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">的秋虫纷飞的身影和动听的鸣声</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">使原本寂瑟的秋天平添了无限的</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">生机和灵动。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"></span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"></span></p> <p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(1, 1, 1);"> </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(1, 1, 1);"> 蝈蝈</span></p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(1, 1, 1);">蝈蝈的别名很多,如哥哥、蛞蛞。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(1, 1, 1);">它是昆虫纲,直翅目,螽斯科一</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(1, 1, 1);">些大型鸣虫的通称。个子较大,外</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(1, 1, 1);">形和蝗虫相像。身体呈绿色或褐色</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(1, 1, 1);">触角细长。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(1, 1, 1);">雄虫的前翅互相摩擦,能发出</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(1, 1, 1);">“括括括”的声音,清脆响亮。喜</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(1, 1, 1);">欢吃瓜果、豆类等。人常用竹笼</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(1, 1, 1);">饲养,观赏。特别是老北京人。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(1, 1, 1);">蝈蝈在中国分布很广,与蟋</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(1, 1, 1);">蟀🦗、油葫芦被称为三大鸣虫,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(1, 1, 1);">作为观赏娱乐昆虫有着悠久历史。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px; color:rgb(1, 1, 1);"></span></p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">70年代初,在北京街头还能听到</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">蝈蝈的叫卖声。大多都是自行车</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">上挂满山一样的八角蝈蝈笼,蝈</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">蝈笼是用秫秸编的,相当精致。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">大老远的就能听到大合唱般的鸣叫</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">曾经给小儿买过一次,全家人每天</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">忙活喂白菜,喂大葱。新鲜劲儿</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">一过去,剩下了无尽的吵,尤其</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">是半夜起来,梦里吓了一跳。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"><span class="ql-cursor"></span></span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"></span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"></span></p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">这些年这玩儿又成了文玩宠物,好</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">多人开始玩葫芦,养鸣虫,冬日</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">里能听到几声蝈蝈的叫声,倒是</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">会逗引出许多生机和情趣。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"><span class="ql-cursor"></span></span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"></span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"></span></p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">蝈蝈的学名叫螽斯,古人非常喜欢</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">的小名。因为它的繁殖能力超强,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">就把它看作是子孙满堂的象征。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">《诗经.国风》中就有一篇{螽斯}</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">螽斯羽 诜诜兮 宣尔子孙 振振兮</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">螽斯羽 薨薨兮 宜尔子孙 绳绳兮</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">螽斯羽 揖揖兮 宜尔子孙 蛰蛰兮</span></p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"></span></p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">螽斯蝈蝈成了宜子孙的象征,古人</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">便多以螽斯来指代多子。很多艺术</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">品都会以它为题材,就连乾隆皇帝</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">也曾在诗中吟咏:</span></p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 秋烟蔼颢宫 晴旭上宸枫</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 情阔十年久 欢殷一日中</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 螽斯歌揖揖 燕喜乐融融</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 乍可方观梓 何须待剪桐</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 银黄兼玉叶 祖德与宗功</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 圣日高悬处 承恩膝不同</span></p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"></span></p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">秋天里,我们还能够看到蜻蜓,特</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">别是在水边。但是,此时的蜻蜓</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">似乎变得笨了,飞的比夏天慢。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">它们喜欢落在某个地方,夏天常</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">见的蜻蜓点水不做了,它们默默</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">地、懒懒地晒秋阳。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"></span></p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">在秋天,喜欢的秋虫渐渐少了,但</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">是水中的、地下和看不见的地方,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">新的生命已经开始了孕育生长,待</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">到来春,又是一个崭新的轮回。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"><span class="ql-cursor"></span></span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"></span></p>