<p class="ql-block">沃伦·巴菲特说“应该考虑睡觉时也能赚钱的投资”。这里有 5 种“风险小高收益的资产投资”值得立即投入。</p><p class="ql-block">2024 年 9 月 27 日 — 美国东部时间下午 1:00</p><p class="ql-block">由 James Holbach 为 GOBankingRates 撰写 -></p><p class="ql-block">亿万富翁超级投资者沃伦·巴菲特在他近 70 年的职业生涯中分享了许多理财智慧。关于退休，他有句名言：“如果你找不到睡觉时赚钱的方法，你就会一直工作到死。”</p><p class="ql-block">显然，这是真的。如果没有足够的被动收入（或足够的储蓄来“支付”自己），你将永远无法退休。如果你担心自己可能无法实现这一目标，那么你肯定并不孤单。</p><p class="ql-block">今年早些时候进行的一项盖洛普民意调查显示，71% 的非退休成年人至少对能否为退休提供资金感到中等程度的担忧。在今年早些时候的 GOBankingRates 调查中，约有一半的受访者也有类似的担忧。</p><p class="ql-block">那么你究竟如何在睡觉时赚钱呢？我们请专家列出他们最值得投资的“永久资产”，这些资产将为你带来被动收入和/或升值。</p><p class="ql-block"></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">高收益储蓄账户</b></p><p class="ql-block">“在不确定的情况下，投资者可以确定的一件事是，通过高收益储蓄账户可以赚取更多利息，”Flourish 首席执行官 Max Lane 表示。“自 2019 年初以来，美国人将储蓄存放在美国最大的银行，损失了至少 2910 亿美元的利息。传统储蓄账户目前的平均年利率约为 0.42%，而高收益解决方案的年利率则为 4.5% 或更高。对于许多家庭来说，这相差数千美元。”</p><p class="ql-block">现金为王，但从历史上看，长期持有现金并不是一个好主意。在低利率环境下，通货膨胀率往往超过你的回报，而你的现金实际上会随着时间的推移而贬值。</p><p class="ql-block">“大多数人并不认为现金是一种投资，而是一种保护和安全的来源，”莱恩解释道。“但现金正再次成为一种资产类别。随着许多人感受到购买力下降的压力，每个人都应该问的问题是他们的钱现在是否在为他们工作。</p><p class="ql-block">“没有理由你现在不应该获得超过 4.5% 的现金收益，特别是因为高收益账户受到联邦存款保险公司 (FDIC) 的保护（最高金额）和每日流动性。”</p><p class="ql-block"></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">房地产</b></p><p class="ql-block">房地产是一种经典的投资工具，可以为你提供被动收入，同时升值。房地产专家、Freedom Founders 首席执行官 David Phelps 博士认为，房地产是“毫无疑问”的最佳资产类别。</p><p class="ql-block">“房地产作为一种有形资产，我们称之为‘低效市场’，而金融世界则被称为‘高效市场’，”Phelps 说道。“这是一个主要优势，它允许个人投资者利用房地产市场的低效性，在主要基金无法进入的地方进行投资。</p><p class="ql-block">“与其他资产类型相比，它还具有其他一些优势，包括税收优惠、折旧、现金流，以及它可以作为抵押品借贷，从而提供额外的杠杆，因此您可以投资其他房产。”</p><p class="ql-block"></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">股息股票[1]</b></p><p class="ql-block">房地产的一个问题是，它确实具有相对较高的进入门槛。即使您为房地产购买融资，投资性房产通常也需要大量首付——这可能超出您的承受能力，特别是如果您刚开始投资的话。</p><p class="ql-block">如果您的情况如此，股息股票可能是一个不错的选择。</p><p class="ql-block">“投资是要有耐心的终极游戏，像股息股票这样的‘永久资产’确实可以让您在睡觉时赚钱，”CFP 兼 The Money Couple 首席执行官 Taylor Kovar 表示。“宝洁或强生等公司拥有数十年来支付股息的良好历史，就是此类资产的典范。凭借其持续增长的股息，它们可以提供稳定的被动收入流。从历史上看，这些股票为投资者带来了可观的回报，过去 30 年来，这两家公司的平均年回报率都在 10% 至 12% 左右。”</p><p class="ql-block">如果您不知道从哪里开始寻找股息股票，可以考虑查看所谓的“股息贵族”，这是一份 25 年来每年都增加股息的股票名单。</p><p class="ql-block"></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">广基基金或广基指数基金</b></p><p class="ql-block">广基基金，也称为广基指数基金，是一种试图复制整个股票市场或标准普尔 500 指数等指数表现的投资工具。巴菲特说，建立退休储蓄的最佳方法之一是“持续购买标准普尔 500 低成本指数基金。我认为这几乎是所有时候最有价值的事情。”</p><p class="ql-block">CFP 和 Annuity 的贡献者 Rubina Hossain 表示：“投资会随着时间的推移升值并产生收入，从而获得被动收入。这些收入会在您不使用时进行再投资。最划算的投资是指数共同基金和 ETF。这些基金提供多元化投资，这意味着您不会将所有储蓄都投入一只股票，甚至不会将所有股票都投入其中。它们还提供在一个基金中投资股票和债券的混合投资，而且成本效益高。”</p><p class="ql-block">“保持简单并控制您能控制的：投资成本和税收（指数基金往往更具税收效率）。随着时间的推移，您将获得不错的收入来源。”</p><p class="ql-block"></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">年金</b></p><p class="ql-block">如果您即将退休，您可以使用现有储蓄通过年金创建自己的“永久资产”。年金是一种金融产品，可在一段时间内提供付款，以换取预付的一次性付款或定期付款。</p><p class="ql-block">“年金是一种可以为退休人员提供终身或永久付款的合同，”TIAA 财富管理顾问 Evan Potash 说道。“这些付款可以是固定付款或可变付款。对于那些不希望收入波动的人来说，固定付款很常见。可变付款可能会逐年波动，具体取决于标准普尔 500 指数等基础投资。</p><p class="ql-block">“目标是对抗通货膨胀。终身年金加上社会保障可以确保您永远不会用完资金，使其成为一种永久资产策略。”</p> <p class="ql-block">[1] 什么是股息股票 (Dividend Stocks)？和一般股票有什么不一样？</p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block">股息、红利亦合称为股利。股份公司通常在年终结算后，将盈利的一部分作为股息按股额分配给股东。股利一般有两种支付方式：现金股利（股息，Cash Dividends）和红股（股利，Stock Dividends）。作为投资理财其中一环，股利分配也能帮助投资人长期积累财富。股息红利作为股东的投资收益，是以股份为单位计算的货币金额，如每股多少元。</p><p class="ql-block">现金股利是上市公司以货币形式支付给股东的股息红利。也是最普通最常见的股利形式，如每股派息多少元，就是现金股利。</p><p class="ql-block">采用送红股的形式发放股息红利实际上是将应分给股东的现金留在企业作为发展再生产之用，它与股份公司暂不分红派息没有太大的区别。股票红利使股东手中的股票在名义上增加了，但与此同时，公司的注册资本增大了，股票的净资产含量减少了。但实际上股东手中股票的总资产含量没什么变化。
</p><p class="ql-block">为了使公司能够持续给出股利，公司必须拥有多余的营收，同时又不能更好地利用这些利润（例如进行再投资）公司会选择把部分营收返还给股东。此外，选择支付股息的公司董事会还必须制定了明确法规来解释发放股利。</p><p class="ql-block">哪些公司会发放股息股票？</p><p class="ql-block">虽然某些产业比较能预估的收入，但几乎每个产业至少都会有少量稳定的股息股票。例如，可以参考现在的股息股票名单（这些都是标准普尔500指数股票，且至少连续25年有股息股票纪录）包含来自六个主要领域的近60家公司。</p><p class="ql-block">当进一步查看这个股息股票名单，那些能定期发放股利的公司都是那些拥有良好盈利记录的公司，而这些公司产生的收益超过了他们对公司营运上所需的资金。结果是可在公司营运许可下发放投资人股利。</p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">Warren Buffett Says Make Money While You Sleep: Here Are 5 'Forever Assets' To Buy Now </b></p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">September 27, 2024 — 01:00 pm EDT </p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">Written by James Holbach for GOBankingRates -> </p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">Billionaire super-investor Warren Buffett has shared plenty of financial wisdom over his almost 70-year career. On the subject of retirement, he famously said, "If you don't find a way to make money while you sleep, you will work until you die." </p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">Obviously, it's true. Without enough passive income (or enough savings to “pay” yourself), you'll never be able to retire. If you 're concerned that you may not be on track to get there, you're certainly not alone. </p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">A Gallup poll conducted earlier this year showed that 71% of non-retired adults are at least moderately worried about being able to fund their retirement. In a GOBankingRates survey earlier this year, about half of respondents were similarly concerned. </p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">So how exactly do you make money while you sleep? We asked experts for their top “forever assets” that will earn you passive income and/or appreciate in value. </p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">High-Yield Savings Accounts </p><p class="ql-block">“Amidst uncertainty, one thing investors can be certain of is the potential to earn more interest through high-yield savings accounts,” said Max Lane, CEO of Flourish. “ Americans have lost out on at least $291 billion in interest since the start of 2019 by keeping their savings with the biggest US banks. Traditional savings accounts currently have an average APY of about 0.42% while high-yield solutions are offering 4.5% or greater. That's a difference of thousands of dollars for many households." </p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">Cash is king, but historically it hasn't been a great idea to hold cash long-term. In a low-interest rate environment, inflation often outpaces your return, and your cash actually loses value over time. </p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">"Most people don't think of cash as an investment but rather a source of protection and safety," Lane explained. "But cash is becoming an asset class again. With many folks feeling the squeeze of their purchasing power declining, the question everyone should be asking is if their money is working for them right now. </p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“There is no reason why you shouldn't be getting over 4.5% on cash right now, especially because high-yield accounts are protected by the FDIC (up to a certain amount) and daily liquidity.” </p><p class="ql-block"></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">Real Estate </b></p><p class="ql-block">Real estate is a classic investment vehicle that can provide you with passive income while also appreciating in value . Dr. David Phelps, real estate expert and CEO of Freedom Founders,believed that real estate is “hands down” the best asset class.</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">"Real estate as a tangible asset is what we would call or term 'an inefficient market' versus the financial world, which is known as an 'efficient market,'" Phelps said. "This is a major benefit [that allows the] individual investors to take advantage of the inefficiencies in the real estate market to be able to access and invest where the major funds are not able to access. </p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“It also offers several additional advantages over other asset types, including tax benefits, depreciation, cash flow, and the fact that it can provide additional leverage by being used as collateral to borrow against, so you can invest in additional properties.” </p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">Dividend Stocks</b> </p><p class="ql-block">One problem with real estate is that it does have a relatively high barrier to entry. Even if you are financing a real estate purchase, investment properties generally require a substantial down payment — something that might be out of your reach, especially if you're just getting started with investing. </p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">If that's the case for you, dividend stocks could be a great option. </p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“Investing is the ultimate game of patience, and 'forever assets' like dividend-paying stocks can truly allow you to make money while you sleep," said Taylor Kovar, CFP and CEO of The Money Couple. "Companies like Procter & Gamble or Johnson & Johnson, with a solid history of paying dividends for decades, are examples of such assets. With their consistent and growing dividends, they can provide a steady stream of passive income. Historically, these stocks have offered solid returns to investors, with both firms averaging around a 10% to 12% annual return over the past 30 years." </p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">If you don't know where to start looking for dividend stocks, consider checking out the so-called “dividend aristocrats,” a list of stocks that have raised their dividends every year for 25 years.</p> <p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">Broad-Market Funds </b></p><p class="ql-block">Broad-market funds, also called index funds, are investment vehicles that try to replicate the performance of either a total stock market or an index like the S&P 500. Buffett said one of the best ways to build your retirement savings is to “consistently buy an S&P 500 low-cost index fund. I think it's the thing that makes the most sense practically all of the time." </p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">Rubina Hossain, CFP and contributor at Annuity, said, "You make a passive income on investments that appreciate and generate income over time. That income then gets reinvested while you aren't using it . The biggest bang for your buck would be index mutual funds and ETFs. These funds offer diversification, which means you are not putting all of your savings in one stock or even all stocks. They also offer investment in a mixture of stocks and bonds in one fund, and they are cost-effective. </p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">"Keep it simple and control what you can: The cost of the investment and taxes (index funds tend to be more tax efficient). Over time, you will generate a nice income stream." </p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">Annuities</b> </p><p class="ql-block">If you're approaching retirement, you could use your existing savings to create your own "forever asset" via an annuity. Annuities are financial products that offer payments over a period of time in exchange for either an up-front lump sum or periodic payments. </p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“An annuity is a contract that can offer lifetime or forever payments for retirees,” said Evan Potash, Wealth Management Advisor at TIAA. “These payments can be fixed payments or variable payments. Fixed payments are common for those who do not want to see fluctuations in their income. Variable payments can fluctuate year to year depending on the underlying investment like the S&P 500. </p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">“The goal is to combat inflation. A lifetime annuity along with Social Security can ensure that you never run out of money making this a forever asset strategy.”</p>