工作就用美篇工作版","guide_search_desc":"海量模板范文,一键做同款 工作就用美篇工作版","img_beautify_switch":0,"ad_free":0,"text_direction":1,"template":{"id":9022,"series_id":12,"theme_id":12},"container":{},"redirect":{"redirect_type":1,"img_url":false,"link_url":"/wap/downloadpage/backpage","button_bg_color":false,"button_desc":false,"redirect_desc":false},"edit_date_str":"更新于 2023-05-09","current_time":1743696317,"font_name":"","rcmd_meipian":0,"hide_article_link":0,"from_wechat":false,"topk_keywords":[{"name":"传播","score":0.159263},{"name":"传染病","score":0.092709},{"name":"症状","score":0.084828},{"name":"病毒","score":0.082417},{"name":"途径","score":0.079873},{"name":"感染","score":0.079734},{"name":"接触","score":0.074907},{"name":"患者","score":0.074245},{"name":"水痘","score":0.061597},{"name":"呼吸道","score":0.059479}],"music_name":"","origin_status":0,"password_v2":"","font_id":0,"title_style":"","rich_text_title":"","enable_download":1,"cover_thumb":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/a019b5eb459f48dda8b9530ad9fb5108__jpg.heic","has_video":false,"gift_switch":1,"enable_watermark":1,"content":{"article_id":372067557,"content":[{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"a39c39063a520322d09b51733fa59610"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"
芳菲歇去,夏木茵茵。随着气温升高,病毒和细菌很容易大量繁殖,易诱发各种传染性疾病,为了能保证幼儿的健康,做好幼儿疾病预防工作,提高幼儿夏季疾病防范意识,请家长仔细阅读这份夏季幼儿传染病防治指南,用心呵护幼儿安全度夏。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"a0660892ff5507a114e4d6d7507c8074"},"img_height":724,"img_size":44,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/19c51ad750ba2c63917cbe30eed7166f__jpg.heic","img_width":1024,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvMTljNTFhZDc1MGJhMmM2MzkxN2NiZTMwZWVkNzE2NmZfX2pwZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"f336e2d119adbf8efd4db0caa9a07f2e"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"subtitle_align":"center","subtitle_color":"#843D19","subtitle_font_size":"large","subtitle_style_id":11,"text":"01 流行性感冒","type":6},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"ecd746f8688dd55faa47072bce7a1390"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"简称流感,属于丙类传染病。是一种急性呼吸道传染病,可分别由甲、乙、丙三型流感病毒引起,感染后潜伏期一般为1-7天,平均为2-4天。其中流行传播的常由甲、乙型病毒引起,目前导致每年季节性流行的甲型流感病毒是H1N1和H3N2亚型。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"50a9456238a78eac81eed2e7869b2c88"},"img_height":780,"img_size":48,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/e9fd6c0df6e08fb5ee497c489a3d6452__jpg.heic","img_width":1024,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvZTlmZDZjMGRmNmUwOGZiNWVlNDk3YzQ4OWEzZDY0NTJfX2pwZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"c978f0aad3a85376d383a6c309b49511"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"主要症状
轻症流感常与普通感冒表现相似,但其发热和全身症状更明显。重症病例可出现病毒性肺炎、继发细菌性肺炎、急性呼吸窘迫综合症等肺外表现及多种并发症,甚至死亡。
流感通常急性起病,发热(高热可达39-40℃),伴畏寒、寒战、头痛、肌肉酸痛、极度乏力、食欲减退等全身症状,常有咽痛、咳嗽,可有鼻塞、流涕、胸骨后不适、颜面潮红,结膜轻度充血,也可有呕吐、腹泻等症状。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"20075492f975b3405fd2856b8dd9f912"},"img_height":442,"img_size":18,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/1a4790af8b5adf3b361b8610186f2375__jpg.heic","img_width":750,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvMWE0NzkwYWY4YjVhZGYzYjM2MWI4NjEwMTg2ZjIzNzVfX2pwZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"68ba8ac34dea61e3ded831e3b9d908ad"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"传播途径
流感患者和隐性感染者是季节性流感的主要传染源,主要通过其呼吸道分泌物的飞沫传播,也可以通过口腔、鼻腔、眼睛等黏膜直接或间接接触传播。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"b3596fbeca885d9202b57d6f27562de8"},"img_height":306,"img_size":82,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/c247c5288c39571cb47d8154ab719a40__png.heic","img_width":290,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvYzI0N2M1Mjg4YzM5NTcxY2I0N2Q4MTU0YWI3MTlhNDBfX3BuZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"dfae0aaa9ff509aa35be20185cc327be"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"预防措施
接种疫苗:流感疫苗是目前预防流感最有效的手段,可以显著降低接种者罹患流感和发生严重并发症的风险。
保持良好习惯:保持手卫生,勤洗手或使用免洗手消毒液,不用手触碰眼、口、鼻;打喷嚏、咳嗽时使用手帕或纸巾等遮住口鼻;每天开窗透气,保持室内通风;在流感流行季节,佩戴口罩,尽量避免去人群聚集场所。
增强免疫力:平衡膳食和增强锻炼。参考“中国居民平衡膳食宝塔”,形成良好的膳食模式;减少久坐,积极锻炼,提高机体免疫力。
如果出现流感症状,在症状出现的48小时内(36小时内最佳)服用抗流感病毒药物治疗,能有效缓解疾病症状、缩短症状持续时间。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"21a8c73d466c05752158e711b572a873"},"img_height":800,"img_size":46,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/678798e68c00ff70001acbd45a53eb04__jpg.heic","img_width":804,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvNjc4Nzk4ZTY4YzAwZmY3MDAwMWFjYmQ0NWE1M2ViMDRfX2pwZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"2d43477649f36e9b892dcf130d15f1d9"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"subtitle_align":"center","subtitle_color":"#843D19","subtitle_font_size":"large","subtitle_style_id":11,"text":"02 新型冠状病毒感染","type":6},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"6bd0c557e0b11320afc46ff32893b05c"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"新型冠状病毒属于β属冠状病毒,对紫外线和热敏感,属于乙类乙管传染病。乙醚、75%乙醇、含氯消毒剂、过氧乙酸和氯仿等脂溶剂均可有效灭活病毒。奥密克戎变异株已成为流行优势毒株,主要流行株为BA.5.2.48和BF.7.14,潜伏期多为2-4天。传播能力更强,传播速度更快,致病力减弱。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"f0faa060a4515d369fa0751c93003b23"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"主要症状
以发热、干咳、乏力为主要表现。少数患者伴有鼻塞、流涕、咽痛、肌痛和腹泻等症状。重症患者多在发病一周后出现呼吸困难或低氧血症,严重者可快速进展为急性呼吸窘迫综合症、脓毒症休克、难以纠正的代谢性酸中毒和出凝血功能障碍及多器官功能衰竭等。重型、危重型患者病程中可为中低热,甚至无明显发热。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"c3958fc45e831cdc70e3f7b84155681e"},"img_height":674,"img_size":435,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/dbc5972b7a35916e16d08a295006382a__png.heic","img_width":714,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvZGJjNTk3MmI3YTM1OTE2ZTE2ZDA4YTI5NTAwNjM4MmFfX3BuZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"f59c0b7d8ff0e72c520bad7dfdc1dcc8"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"传播途径
传染源主要是新冠病毒感染者,主要传播途径为经呼吸道飞沫和密切接触传播,在相对封闭的环境中经气溶胶传播,接触被病毒污染的物品后也可能造成感染。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"8862a85130c3eecc79e32fca7a6d4908"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"预防措施
接种疫苗;坚持勤洗手、戴口罩、常通风、公筷制、保持社交距离、咳嗽礼仪、清洁消毒等良好卫生习惯,以及合理膳食、适量运动等健康生活方式;疫情严重期间减少聚集;有基础疾病患者等重点人群尽量减少前往人员密集场所。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"5780f24804065415beb6324fc27b9c4c"},"img_height":254,"img_size":20,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/3a3a91d0da6e5cf00da52c5cc1eb3027__jpg.heic","img_width":660,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvM2EzYTkxZDBkYTZlNWNmMDBkYTUyYzVjYzFlYjMwMjdfX2pwZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"fc4c029415092b8698896b497258bb95"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"subtitle_align":"center","subtitle_color":"#843D19","subtitle_font_size":"large","subtitle_style_id":11,"text":"03 结核病","type":6},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"c77637cdad36acc5efc1bad567cb3a46"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"由结核分枝杆菌引起的慢性传染病,属于乙类传染病。结核菌可能侵入人体全身各种器官,但主要侵犯肺部,发生肺结核。结核病又称为痨病、“白色瘟疫”。肺结核在我国法定报告甲乙类传染病中发病和死亡数排第2位。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"3816bf155b225473e3b5016e316af194"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"主要症状
常见症状有咳嗽、咳痰、痰中带血等呼吸道症状,以及低烧、盗汗、胸痛、食欲差、疲乏和消瘦等全身症状。咳嗽、咳痰2周以上,应怀疑得了肺结核,需及时就诊。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"baa247409236f4597bbd4ed1a19bc2f1"},"img_height":634,"img_size":41,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/cdcf682a2e8110f9b621432a2b3d4d3e__jpg.heic","img_width":1080,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvY2RjZjY4MmEyZTgxMTBmOWI2MjE0MzJhMmIzZDRkM2VfX2pwZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"a268205da0554ac0a61fbd18b36cb5c6"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"传播途径
主要经呼吸道传染,少数通过消化道和接触传播。呼吸道传播是最常见和最重要的途径,人人都有可能被感染。患者咳嗽、咳痰、打喷嚏、大声说话时,把带有结核菌的飞沫播散到空气中,健康人可以因吸入带菌的飞沫而受到感染。肺结核还可通过尘埃传播,痰里的结核菌随尘埃飞扬在空中,吸入后发生感染。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"efd94804875734a21a40af3c12eddf27"},"img_height":748,"img_size":513,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/716c43ad67b67f847956efd7e9d9d0a4__png.heic","img_width":570,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvNzE2YzQzYWQ2N2I2N2Y4NDc5NTZlZmQ3ZTlkOWQwYTRfX3BuZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"4c0b6c1c117a63c71056bf0cdc38b248"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"预防措施
勤洗手、多通风、强身健体可以有效预防肺结核。不随地吐痰,咳嗽、打喷嚏时掩口鼻,戴口罩可以减少肺结核的传播。肺结核可防可治。
肺结核病人也应注意防控。不要随地吐痰,要将痰液吐在有消毒液的带盖痰盂里,不方便时可将痰吐在消毒湿纸巾或密封痰袋里。尽量不去人群密集的公共场所,如必须去,应当佩戴口罩。居家治疗时应当尽量与他人分室居住,保持居室通风,佩戴口罩,避免家人被感染。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"8d253c0eb9d7ddb56d5509ec154ecb9a"},"img_height":668,"img_size":1075,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/4dba58a8497f2b94ef3f5b7a60eeae56__png.heic","img_width":1012,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvNGRiYTU4YTg0OTdmMmI5NGVmM2Y1YjdhNjBlZWFlNTZfX3BuZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"1e35f897337896bef4783fc8acc6eb66"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"subtitle_align":"center","subtitle_color":"#843D19","subtitle_font_size":"large","subtitle_style_id":11,"text":"04 水痘","type":6},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"3611f79faa8eff255479035d1f47aeb2"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"水痘是由水痘-带状疱疹病毒所引起的急性呼吸道传染病。水痘在全年均可发生,冬春两季多见。人群普遍易感。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"0b476dc1cf0a94d926414dea52291101"},"img_height":1024,"img_size":35,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/01fd387e9617f938806dd1464966b0c6__jpg.heic","img_width":858,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvMDFmZDM4N2U5NjE3ZjkzODgwNmRkMTQ2NDk2NmIwYzZfX2pwZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"57f79baaf5f95baefcaac97248a2d77c"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"主要症状
水痘的潜伏期一般是接触病毒后的12-21天(大多为14-15天)。患者在发病初期可出现发热、不舒服、厌食和头痛症状。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"21da482159d02bbde523cd581ea5b912"},"img_height":530,"img_size":493,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/a6aa2208c12ae60a3818b0dc086f360a__png.heic","img_width":576,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvYTZhYTIyMDhjMTJhZTYwYTM4MThiMGRjMDg2ZjM2MGFfX3BuZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"497fd707063b043d3897f13382d1e8d7"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"传播途径
水痘的传染性很强,病人是唯一的传染源。水痘的传播途径包括接触传播和空气传播,直接接触病人的皮疹、呼吸道分泌物,以及吸入病人呼吸道产生的飞沫或气溶胶都可能造成感染。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"2126e4b4521a72f32160dfe51c9c48f4"},"img_height":1234,"img_size":67,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/c3e98813dadc0e2a51d51d81a7875dad__jpg.heic","img_width":1080,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvYzNlOTg4MTNkYWRjMGUyYTUxZDUxZDgxYTc4NzVkYWRfX2pwZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"459a4ead005aeaee29a71b76eab47cb6"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"预防措施
接种疫苗是预防感染水痘的重要方式。疾病流行期间尽量不去人员密集和环境密闭的地方活动,每天开窗透气,保持室内通风,得了水痘的患者要立刻隔离并及时就医。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"e4935a3b8be70addfb07dd51b471cfce"},"img_height":768,"img_size":42,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/66ab7917d5f8274e034ec619a43872fa__jpg.heic","img_width":1024,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvNjZhYjc5MTdkNWY4Mjc0ZTAzNGVjNjE5YTQzODcyZmFfX2pwZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"85c9700f73bb4fb132c8fd5d0c7eafb2"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"subtitle_align":"center","subtitle_color":"#843D19","subtitle_font_size":"large","subtitle_style_id":11,"text":"05 流行性腮腺炎","type":6},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"f9798d3c6917a61c6d24d535ffb4749e"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"流行性腮腺炎是由腮腺炎病毒侵犯腮腺引起的急性呼吸道传染病,并可侵犯各种腺组织或神经系统及肝、肾、心脏、关节等器官,其属于丙类传染病。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"ecbcf29c09f795a383e21093ab37b3d3"},"img_height":616,"img_size":31,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/272d727f70b36bdc35ff7971fad73e74__jpg.heic","img_width":1080,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvMjcyZDcyN2Y3MGIzNmJkYzM1ZmY3OTcxZmFkNzNlNzRfX2pwZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"ec9cb8532267b5c6d2c85f5ceb8aa54e"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"主要症状
患者受感染后,大多无前驱症状,部分患者可有倦怠、畏寒、食欲不振、低热、头痛等症状,其后则出现一侧腮腺肿大或两侧腮腺同时肿大,2-3日内达高峰,面部一侧或双侧因肿大而变形,局部疼痛、过敏,开口及咀嚼时疼痛明显。腮腺肿大可持续5日左右,以后逐日减退,全部病程约7-12日。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"a324eeb26efeee6a8c1656339e124187"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"传播途径
病人是传染源,飞沫的吸入是主要传播途径,接触病人后2-3周发病。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"16373f05de1005a31e454a83177f213b"},"img_height":722,"img_size":21,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/74d8fe5bcd271ef5122de347c9d3d85a__jpg.heic","img_width":1080,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvNzRkOGZlNWJjZDI3MWVmNTEyMmRlMzQ3YzlkM2Q4NWFfX2pwZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"5d41b7f969fc9ccc68ec32b6fd9965ac"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"预防措施
接种含腮腺炎成分疫苗是预防流行性腮腺炎发病的有效手段。我国儿童免疫程序规定,8月龄、18月龄儿童均可常规接种一剂次麻风腮联合减毒活疫苗。成人也可通过接种疫苗获得对腮腺炎的抵抗力;注意保持室内空气流通,讲究个人卫生,养成良好的生活习惯,饭前便后及接触脏东西后要洗手,勤换、勤洗、勤晒衣服和被褥。
流行高峰期应尽量避免去人群密集的公共场所,不去探视病人以免造成疾病的传播。
合理睡眠,充足休息,避免过度疲劳;科学饮食,加强锻炼,增强自身免疫力。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"18dc97dff6402b3dfafed690ae75ec66"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"subtitle_align":"center","subtitle_color":"#843D19","subtitle_font_size":"large","subtitle_style_id":11,"text":"06 诺如病毒","type":6},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"07904154a175b7b6447bae050818a293"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"诺如病毒属于杯状病毒科,是引起急性胃肠炎常见的病原体之一。诺如病毒具有感染剂量低、排毒时间长、外环境抵抗力强等特点,容易在学校、托幼机构等相对封闭环境引起胃肠炎暴发。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"800e9313f88451ffdc8d26fd28b02f1c"},"img_height":366,"img_size":24,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/4bfe46d4478e7c1a28c95f3667b89782__jpg.heic","img_width":750,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvNGJmZTQ2ZDQ0NzhlN2MxYTI4Yzk1ZjM2NjdiODk3ODJfX2pwZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"663b8ceab98e7a834c4f8777b41ed3a3"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"主要症状
诺如病毒感染潜伏期为12-72小时,通常为24-48小时。常见症状主要为恶心、呕吐、发热、腹痛和腹泻,部分患者有头痛、畏寒和肌肉酸痛等。儿童以呕吐为主;成人则腹泻居多,粪便为稀水便或水样便。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"ca897188a21132619f3a2693b0abd385"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"传播途径
病例和隐性感染者为诺如病毒感染的传染源。传播途径多样,主要通过摄入被粪便或呕吐物污染的食物或水、接触患者粪便或呕吐物、吸入呕吐时产生的气溶胶、以及间接接触被粪便或呕吐物污染的物品和环境等感染。
预防措施
保持手卫生:饭前、便后、加工食物前应按照7步洗手法正确洗手,用肥皂和流动水至少洗20秒,但需注意,含酒精消毒纸巾和免洗手消毒剂对诺如病毒无效,不能代替洗手。
注意饮食饮水卫生:不饮用生水,蔬菜瓜果彻底洗净,烹饪食物要煮熟,特别是牡蛎和其他贝类海鲜类食品更要煮熟煮透后食用。
病例应尽量居家隔离:诺如病毒感染者患病期至康复后3天内应尽量隔离,轻症患者可居家或在疫情发生机构就地隔离,重症患者需送医疗机构隔离治疗。在此期间患者应勤洗手,保持手卫生,尽量不要和其他健康的家人等近距离接触,分开食宿,尤其不要做饭或照顾老人和幼儿。
做好环境清洁和消毒工作:保持室内适宜温度,定期开窗通风。使用含氯消毒剂对患者呕吐物或粪便污染的环境和物品进行消毒。在清理受到呕吐物污染的物品时,应戴塑胶手套和口罩,避免直接接触污染物。患者家庭环境也应依据医务人员指导加强消毒,避免在家庭内造成传播。
保持健康生活方式:保持规律作息、合理膳食、适量运动等健康生活方式,增强身体对病毒的抵抗能力。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"bd1bff0777be11f7a7da9c349137f39d"},"img_height":800,"img_size":26,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/69d9a36e298871662e0a2a4f426ace3d__jpg.heic","img_width":800,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvNjlkOWEzNmUyOTg4NzE2NjJlMGEyYTRmNDI2YWNlM2RfX2pwZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"3c1fd495a35bbeeb0a95bcfa67cb18e9"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"subtitle_align":"center","subtitle_color":"#843D19","subtitle_font_size":"large","subtitle_style_id":11,"text":"07 手足口病","type":6},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"2e7073c7763415e39ebfa75c099025d2"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"手足口病属于丙类传染病。是由一系列肠道病毒引起的常见传染病之一,包括肠道病毒71型(EV71)、柯萨奇A组16型、埃可病毒等。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"b36f3c7fb2be0a4baded4b33a586eefa"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"主要症状
主要表现为发热,手、足和臀部等部位出现斑丘疹或疱疹,口腔可出现溃疡。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"ee5c5cd1f26e86acd19a03354f6c1277"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"传播途径
通过密切接触患者的咽喉分泌物(如唾液、痰和鼻涕)、疱疹液和粪便,或被其污染的手、毛巾、玩具、餐具、床上用品等物品或环境而感染,也可通过呼吸道飞沫和消化道等途径传播。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"7393863cf8d0ef372482d837356fc31c"},"img_height":514,"img_size":264,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/68b34ce3cfacb0d3029136e23e0f8050__png.heic","img_width":572,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvNjhiMzRjZTNjZmFjYjBkMzAyOTEzNmUyM2UwZjgwNTBfX3BuZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"70e9731590eee47ca8a157c7454a76a9"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"预防措施
勤洗手、勤通风、勤晒衣被;充分清洗、消毒儿童使用餐具;避免接触患病儿童。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"a055943790218d3e2082c720e45a806d"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"subtitle_align":"center","subtitle_color":"#843D19","subtitle_font_size":"large","subtitle_style_id":11,"text":"08 病毒性肝炎","type":6},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"aab45ea71907c603dd2ce9ccbd0963df"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"病毒性肝炎是由多种肝炎病毒引起的常见乙类传染病,具有传染性强、传播途径复杂、流行面广泛,发病率较高等特点。肝炎病毒可分为甲、乙、丙、丁、戊型。甲肝和戊肝多为急性发病,一般预后良好;乙肝和丙肝病程复杂,迁延成慢性后可发展为肝硬化或肝癌。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"5dec6458e74523d2e393025de18dd79d"},"img_height":576,"img_size":423,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/37a92b63d5bb19d635a9b834dcf68e9f__png.heic","img_width":866,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvMzdhOTJiNjNkNWJiMTlkNjM1YTliODM0ZGNmNjhlOWZfX3BuZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"6689c525272c57779ddd1dda31b3eab7"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"主要症状
典型病例发病初期常有乏力、厌食、恶心、呕吐等症状,随后出现黄疸,小便深黄,大便灰白,皮肤巩膜黄染,肝脾肿大,体温升高等。有些患者出现荨麻疹、关节痛或上呼吸道症状。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"4458d1ca7fa9e8518ec12eea700583b3"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"传播途径
甲肝和戊肝主要经消化道传播,水源或食物被污染可引起暴发流行。
乙肝和丙肝主要经血液、母婴和性传播。例如,输入被病毒污染的血液及血液制品,使用未经严格消毒的注射器和针头(如注射毒品等)、侵入性医疗或美容器具(如文身、穿耳孔等),共用剃须刀和牙刷;与感染者进行无保护性行为;携带病毒的孕产妇可将病毒传染给新生儿。
丁肝的传播途径与乙肝相似,与乙肝病毒同时或在乙肝病毒感染的基础上才能感染。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"d1417b8ea7909be059bddf2b32adcd29"},"img_height":350,"img_size":280,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/6521a91e2577a85f9aca19bde6a5ef0c__png.heic","img_width":938,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvNjUyMWE5MWUyNTc3YTg1ZjlhY2ExOWJkZTZhNWVmMGNfX3BuZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"30fd00757edd2629e6b5ddf6872fa7ed"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"预防措施
乙肝:接种乙肝疫苗是预防乙肝最安全、有效的措施。
甲肝、戊肝:注意饮食、饮水卫生和接种疫苗,可有效预防甲肝和戊肝。搞好环境卫生,加强水源和粪便管理,改善供水条件;养成良好的个人卫生习惯,饭前便后洗手,不吃生食,不饮生水,可有效预防甲肝和戊肝。
丙肝:切断传播途径,可有效预防丙肝。目前尚无丙肝疫苗,但采取有效措施切断传播途径,丙肝是可以预防的。拒绝毒品,不共用针具注射毒品;杜绝非法采、供血;避免不必要的注射、输血和使用血液制品;到正规的医疗卫生机构进行注射、输血和使用血液制品,可大幅减少感染丙肝病毒的风险。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"7133178b7579785fd70b336e09db2b85"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"subtitle_align":"center","subtitle_color":"#843D19","subtitle_font_size":"large","subtitle_style_id":11,"text":"09 猴痘","type":6},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"fe60a92b85d1bc07841e962c103b7e9c"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"猴痘是猴痘病毒感染所致的传染病。
主要症状和传播途径
人主要通过接触感染动物的呼吸道分泌物、病变渗出物、血液、其它体液,或被感染动物咬伤、抓伤而感染。人与人之间主要通过密切接触传播,也可在长时间近距离接触时通过飞沫传播,接触病毒污染的物品也有可能感染。猴痘的潜伏期5-21天,多为6-13天,主要表现为发热、皮疹、淋巴结肿大。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"c3acb88414a37a1f1402bcb76d72ec23"},"img_height":642,"img_size":45,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/7d838c1d4feb8f5989258d10a2921501__jpg.heic","img_width":960,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvN2Q4MzhjMWQ0ZmViOGY1OTg5MjU4ZDEwYTI5MjE1MDFfX2pwZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"275c99f9c00e3794c5da220da26d92d9"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"主要预防措施:
避免与出现皮疹的人进行密切的皮肤接触。避免接触猴痘患者使用过的物品。勤洗手。如到中非或西非旅游,请避免接触可能传播猴痘病毒的啮齿动物及灵长类动物。如发现以上症状时,应及时主动就医并告知21天活动轨迹。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"027e5a94b60e2b6fc038f502d3ee85ae"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"subtitle_align":"center","subtitle_color":"#843D19","subtitle_font_size":"large","subtitle_style_id":11,"text":"10 蜱传播疾病","type":6},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"210ed4f5f6478679d49c2b4f34be9c40"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"蜱是多种传染病的传播媒介,常通过叮咬将病原体传播给人。我国大部分地区4-9月为蜱活跃期,人被蜱叮咬的机会显著增加。蜱生活在草丛、灌木丛或树木繁茂的地区以及动物体表,人在户外遛狗、露营、园艺、采茶、耕种或打猎可能会与蜱密切接触,在院子或社区里也会接触蜱。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"8eba892d6ac45b499242317545e000f3"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"症状和传播途径
蜱常附着在人体的头皮、腰部、腋窝、腹股沟及脚踝下方等部位,吸饱血后虫体膨胀如黄豆大小。蜱叮咬人后可引起过敏、溃疡或发炎等症状,一般较轻微;但蜱传播的一些传染病,如发热伴血小板减少综合征、新疆出血热等病死风险较高。经蜱传播的疾病早期常有类似症状,发热、发冷是最常见症状,其次是瘙痒、头痛、乏力和肌肉酸痛,有的会出现关节疼痛、皮疹等。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"71fa1c7feda308832f3e85325af35860"},"img_height":720,"img_size":39,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/497fe74a1e2426553e35332c186db722__jpg.heic","img_width":1080,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvNDk3ZmU3NGExZTI0MjY1NTNlMzUzMzJjMTg2ZGI3MjJfX2pwZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"ad09e2df18c55313f0fce280c8fc0499"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"主要预防措施:
野外活动时做好个人防护,扎紧裤腿或把裤腿塞进袜子或鞋里,穿浅色衣服可让附着在身上的蜱无所遁形,不要穿凉鞋,不要在草地、树木上晾晒衣物,进入室内前认真检查,防止通过衣物和宠物把蜱带回家。
一旦发现有蜱附着在皮肤上,应尽快清除蜱,可用酒精喷涂在蜱身上,使蜱头部放松或死亡,再用干净的细尖头镊子取出蜱,不要生拉硬拽,以免拽伤皮肤或将蜱的头部留在皮肤内,取出后,再用碘酒或酒精做局部消毒处理,并随时观察身体状况;必要时,及时向医务人员咨询。如在清除蜱后的几周内出现发热、乏力、肌肉酸痛等症状,应尽快就医并告知医生相关暴露史。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"d054334ed80480dcb93b4bbbf8493b32"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"亲爱的家长朋友们,夏季传染病虽然种类繁多,但只要我们重视预防工作,做到早发现、早隔离、早诊断、早治疗,就可以有效地阻断传染病的流行与传播。让我们共同携手加强传染病防范意识,提高预防知识水平,共同守护孩子健康安全!
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","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"a0660892ff5507a114e4d6d7507c8074"},"img_height":724,"img_size":44,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/19c51ad750ba2c63917cbe30eed7166f__jpg.heic","img_width":1024,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvMTljNTFhZDc1MGJhMmM2MzkxN2NiZTMwZWVkNzE2NmZfX2pwZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"f336e2d119adbf8efd4db0caa9a07f2e"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"subtitle_align":"center","subtitle_color":"#843D19","subtitle_font_size":"large","subtitle_style_id":11,"text":"01 流行性感冒","type":6},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"ecd746f8688dd55faa47072bce7a1390"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"简称流感,属于丙类传染病。是一种急性呼吸道传染病,可分别由甲、乙、丙三型流感病毒引起,感染后潜伏期一般为1-7天,平均为2-4天。其中流行传播的常由甲、乙型病毒引起,目前导致每年季节性流行的甲型流感病毒是H1N1和H3N2亚型。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"50a9456238a78eac81eed2e7869b2c88"},"img_height":780,"img_size":48,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/e9fd6c0df6e08fb5ee497c489a3d6452__jpg.heic","img_width":1024,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvZTlmZDZjMGRmNmUwOGZiNWVlNDk3YzQ4OWEzZDY0NTJfX2pwZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"c978f0aad3a85376d383a6c309b49511"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"主要症状
轻症流感常与普通感冒表现相似,但其发热和全身症状更明显。重症病例可出现病毒性肺炎、继发细菌性肺炎、急性呼吸窘迫综合症等肺外表现及多种并发症,甚至死亡。
流感通常急性起病,发热(高热可达39-40℃),伴畏寒、寒战、头痛、肌肉酸痛、极度乏力、食欲减退等全身症状,常有咽痛、咳嗽,可有鼻塞、流涕、胸骨后不适、颜面潮红,结膜轻度充血,也可有呕吐、腹泻等症状。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"20075492f975b3405fd2856b8dd9f912"},"img_height":442,"img_size":18,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/1a4790af8b5adf3b361b8610186f2375__jpg.heic","img_width":750,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvMWE0NzkwYWY4YjVhZGYzYjM2MWI4NjEwMTg2ZjIzNzVfX2pwZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"68ba8ac34dea61e3ded831e3b9d908ad"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"传播途径
流感患者和隐性感染者是季节性流感的主要传染源,主要通过其呼吸道分泌物的飞沫传播,也可以通过口腔、鼻腔、眼睛等黏膜直接或间接接触传播。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"b3596fbeca885d9202b57d6f27562de8"},"img_height":306,"img_size":82,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/c247c5288c39571cb47d8154ab719a40__png.heic","img_width":290,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvYzI0N2M1Mjg4YzM5NTcxY2I0N2Q4MTU0YWI3MTlhNDBfX3BuZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"dfae0aaa9ff509aa35be20185cc327be"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"预防措施
接种疫苗:流感疫苗是目前预防流感最有效的手段,可以显著降低接种者罹患流感和发生严重并发症的风险。
保持良好习惯:保持手卫生,勤洗手或使用免洗手消毒液,不用手触碰眼、口、鼻;打喷嚏、咳嗽时使用手帕或纸巾等遮住口鼻;每天开窗透气,保持室内通风;在流感流行季节,佩戴口罩,尽量避免去人群聚集场所。
增强免疫力:平衡膳食和增强锻炼。参考“中国居民平衡膳食宝塔”,形成良好的膳食模式;减少久坐,积极锻炼,提高机体免疫力。
如果出现流感症状,在症状出现的48小时内(36小时内最佳)服用抗流感病毒药物治疗,能有效缓解疾病症状、缩短症状持续时间。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"21a8c73d466c05752158e711b572a873"},"img_height":800,"img_size":46,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/678798e68c00ff70001acbd45a53eb04__jpg.heic","img_width":804,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvNjc4Nzk4ZTY4YzAwZmY3MDAwMWFjYmQ0NWE1M2ViMDRfX2pwZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"2d43477649f36e9b892dcf130d15f1d9"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"subtitle_align":"center","subtitle_color":"#843D19","subtitle_font_size":"large","subtitle_style_id":11,"text":"02 新型冠状病毒感染","type":6},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"6bd0c557e0b11320afc46ff32893b05c"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"新型冠状病毒属于β属冠状病毒,对紫外线和热敏感,属于乙类乙管传染病。乙醚、75%乙醇、含氯消毒剂、过氧乙酸和氯仿等脂溶剂均可有效灭活病毒。奥密克戎变异株已成为流行优势毒株,主要流行株为BA.5.2.48和BF.7.14,潜伏期多为2-4天。传播能力更强,传播速度更快,致病力减弱。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"f0faa060a4515d369fa0751c93003b23"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"主要症状
以发热、干咳、乏力为主要表现。少数患者伴有鼻塞、流涕、咽痛、肌痛和腹泻等症状。重症患者多在发病一周后出现呼吸困难或低氧血症,严重者可快速进展为急性呼吸窘迫综合症、脓毒症休克、难以纠正的代谢性酸中毒和出凝血功能障碍及多器官功能衰竭等。重型、危重型患者病程中可为中低热,甚至无明显发热。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"c3958fc45e831cdc70e3f7b84155681e"},"img_height":674,"img_size":435,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/dbc5972b7a35916e16d08a295006382a__png.heic","img_width":714,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvZGJjNTk3MmI3YTM1OTE2ZTE2ZDA4YTI5NTAwNjM4MmFfX3BuZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"f59c0b7d8ff0e72c520bad7dfdc1dcc8"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"传播途径
传染源主要是新冠病毒感染者,主要传播途径为经呼吸道飞沫和密切接触传播,在相对封闭的环境中经气溶胶传播,接触被病毒污染的物品后也可能造成感染。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"8862a85130c3eecc79e32fca7a6d4908"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"预防措施
接种疫苗;坚持勤洗手、戴口罩、常通风、公筷制、保持社交距离、咳嗽礼仪、清洁消毒等良好卫生习惯,以及合理膳食、适量运动等健康生活方式;疫情严重期间减少聚集;有基础疾病患者等重点人群尽量减少前往人员密集场所。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"5780f24804065415beb6324fc27b9c4c"},"img_height":254,"img_size":20,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/3a3a91d0da6e5cf00da52c5cc1eb3027__jpg.heic","img_width":660,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvM2EzYTkxZDBkYTZlNWNmMDBkYTUyYzVjYzFlYjMwMjdfX2pwZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"fc4c029415092b8698896b497258bb95"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"subtitle_align":"center","subtitle_color":"#843D19","subtitle_font_size":"large","subtitle_style_id":11,"text":"03 结核病","type":6},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"c77637cdad36acc5efc1bad567cb3a46"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"由结核分枝杆菌引起的慢性传染病,属于乙类传染病。结核菌可能侵入人体全身各种器官,但主要侵犯肺部,发生肺结核。结核病又称为痨病、“白色瘟疫”。肺结核在我国法定报告甲乙类传染病中发病和死亡数排第2位。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"3816bf155b225473e3b5016e316af194"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"主要症状
常见症状有咳嗽、咳痰、痰中带血等呼吸道症状,以及低烧、盗汗、胸痛、食欲差、疲乏和消瘦等全身症状。咳嗽、咳痰2周以上,应怀疑得了肺结核,需及时就诊。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"baa247409236f4597bbd4ed1a19bc2f1"},"img_height":634,"img_size":41,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/cdcf682a2e8110f9b621432a2b3d4d3e__jpg.heic","img_width":1080,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvY2RjZjY4MmEyZTgxMTBmOWI2MjE0MzJhMmIzZDRkM2VfX2pwZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"a268205da0554ac0a61fbd18b36cb5c6"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"传播途径
主要经呼吸道传染,少数通过消化道和接触传播。呼吸道传播是最常见和最重要的途径,人人都有可能被感染。患者咳嗽、咳痰、打喷嚏、大声说话时,把带有结核菌的飞沫播散到空气中,健康人可以因吸入带菌的飞沫而受到感染。肺结核还可通过尘埃传播,痰里的结核菌随尘埃飞扬在空中,吸入后发生感染。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"efd94804875734a21a40af3c12eddf27"},"img_height":748,"img_size":513,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/716c43ad67b67f847956efd7e9d9d0a4__png.heic","img_width":570,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvNzE2YzQzYWQ2N2I2N2Y4NDc5NTZlZmQ3ZTlkOWQwYTRfX3BuZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"4c0b6c1c117a63c71056bf0cdc38b248"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"预防措施
勤洗手、多通风、强身健体可以有效预防肺结核。不随地吐痰,咳嗽、打喷嚏时掩口鼻,戴口罩可以减少肺结核的传播。肺结核可防可治。
肺结核病人也应注意防控。不要随地吐痰,要将痰液吐在有消毒液的带盖痰盂里,不方便时可将痰吐在消毒湿纸巾或密封痰袋里。尽量不去人群密集的公共场所,如必须去,应当佩戴口罩。居家治疗时应当尽量与他人分室居住,保持居室通风,佩戴口罩,避免家人被感染。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"8d253c0eb9d7ddb56d5509ec154ecb9a"},"img_height":668,"img_size":1075,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/4dba58a8497f2b94ef3f5b7a60eeae56__png.heic","img_width":1012,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvNGRiYTU4YTg0OTdmMmI5NGVmM2Y1YjdhNjBlZWFlNTZfX3BuZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"1e35f897337896bef4783fc8acc6eb66"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"subtitle_align":"center","subtitle_color":"#843D19","subtitle_font_size":"large","subtitle_style_id":11,"text":"04 水痘","type":6},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"3611f79faa8eff255479035d1f47aeb2"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"水痘是由水痘-带状疱疹病毒所引起的急性呼吸道传染病。水痘在全年均可发生,冬春两季多见。人群普遍易感。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"0b476dc1cf0a94d926414dea52291101"},"img_height":1024,"img_size":35,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/01fd387e9617f938806dd1464966b0c6__jpg.heic","img_width":858,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvMDFmZDM4N2U5NjE3ZjkzODgwNmRkMTQ2NDk2NmIwYzZfX2pwZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"57f79baaf5f95baefcaac97248a2d77c"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"主要症状
水痘的潜伏期一般是接触病毒后的12-21天(大多为14-15天)。患者在发病初期可出现发热、不舒服、厌食和头痛症状。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"21da482159d02bbde523cd581ea5b912"},"img_height":530,"img_size":493,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/a6aa2208c12ae60a3818b0dc086f360a__png.heic","img_width":576,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvYTZhYTIyMDhjMTJhZTYwYTM4MThiMGRjMDg2ZjM2MGFfX3BuZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"497fd707063b043d3897f13382d1e8d7"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"传播途径
水痘的传染性很强,病人是唯一的传染源。水痘的传播途径包括接触传播和空气传播,直接接触病人的皮疹、呼吸道分泌物,以及吸入病人呼吸道产生的飞沫或气溶胶都可能造成感染。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"2126e4b4521a72f32160dfe51c9c48f4"},"img_height":1234,"img_size":67,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/c3e98813dadc0e2a51d51d81a7875dad__jpg.heic","img_width":1080,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvYzNlOTg4MTNkYWRjMGUyYTUxZDUxZDgxYTc4NzVkYWRfX2pwZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"459a4ead005aeaee29a71b76eab47cb6"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"预防措施
接种疫苗是预防感染水痘的重要方式。疾病流行期间尽量不去人员密集和环境密闭的地方活动,每天开窗透气,保持室内通风,得了水痘的患者要立刻隔离并及时就医。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"e4935a3b8be70addfb07dd51b471cfce"},"img_height":768,"img_size":42,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/66ab7917d5f8274e034ec619a43872fa__jpg.heic","img_width":1024,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvNjZhYjc5MTdkNWY4Mjc0ZTAzNGVjNjE5YTQzODcyZmFfX2pwZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"85c9700f73bb4fb132c8fd5d0c7eafb2"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"subtitle_align":"center","subtitle_color":"#843D19","subtitle_font_size":"large","subtitle_style_id":11,"text":"05 流行性腮腺炎","type":6},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"f9798d3c6917a61c6d24d535ffb4749e"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"流行性腮腺炎是由腮腺炎病毒侵犯腮腺引起的急性呼吸道传染病,并可侵犯各种腺组织或神经系统及肝、肾、心脏、关节等器官,其属于丙类传染病。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"ecbcf29c09f795a383e21093ab37b3d3"},"img_height":616,"img_size":31,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/272d727f70b36bdc35ff7971fad73e74__jpg.heic","img_width":1080,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvMjcyZDcyN2Y3MGIzNmJkYzM1ZmY3OTcxZmFkNzNlNzRfX2pwZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"ec9cb8532267b5c6d2c85f5ceb8aa54e"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"主要症状
患者受感染后,大多无前驱症状,部分患者可有倦怠、畏寒、食欲不振、低热、头痛等症状,其后则出现一侧腮腺肿大或两侧腮腺同时肿大,2-3日内达高峰,面部一侧或双侧因肿大而变形,局部疼痛、过敏,开口及咀嚼时疼痛明显。腮腺肿大可持续5日左右,以后逐日减退,全部病程约7-12日。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"a324eeb26efeee6a8c1656339e124187"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"传播途径
病人是传染源,飞沫的吸入是主要传播途径,接触病人后2-3周发病。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"16373f05de1005a31e454a83177f213b"},"img_height":722,"img_size":21,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/74d8fe5bcd271ef5122de347c9d3d85a__jpg.heic","img_width":1080,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvNzRkOGZlNWJjZDI3MWVmNTEyMmRlMzQ3YzlkM2Q4NWFfX2pwZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"5d41b7f969fc9ccc68ec32b6fd9965ac"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"预防措施
接种含腮腺炎成分疫苗是预防流行性腮腺炎发病的有效手段。我国儿童免疫程序规定,8月龄、18月龄儿童均可常规接种一剂次麻风腮联合减毒活疫苗。成人也可通过接种疫苗获得对腮腺炎的抵抗力;注意保持室内空气流通,讲究个人卫生,养成良好的生活习惯,饭前便后及接触脏东西后要洗手,勤换、勤洗、勤晒衣服和被褥。
流行高峰期应尽量避免去人群密集的公共场所,不去探视病人以免造成疾病的传播。
合理睡眠,充足休息,避免过度疲劳;科学饮食,加强锻炼,增强自身免疫力。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"18dc97dff6402b3dfafed690ae75ec66"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"subtitle_align":"center","subtitle_color":"#843D19","subtitle_font_size":"large","subtitle_style_id":11,"text":"06 诺如病毒","type":6},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"07904154a175b7b6447bae050818a293"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"诺如病毒属于杯状病毒科,是引起急性胃肠炎常见的病原体之一。诺如病毒具有感染剂量低、排毒时间长、外环境抵抗力强等特点,容易在学校、托幼机构等相对封闭环境引起胃肠炎暴发。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"800e9313f88451ffdc8d26fd28b02f1c"},"img_height":366,"img_size":24,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/4bfe46d4478e7c1a28c95f3667b89782__jpg.heic","img_width":750,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvNGJmZTQ2ZDQ0NzhlN2MxYTI4Yzk1ZjM2NjdiODk3ODJfX2pwZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"663b8ceab98e7a834c4f8777b41ed3a3"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"主要症状
诺如病毒感染潜伏期为12-72小时,通常为24-48小时。常见症状主要为恶心、呕吐、发热、腹痛和腹泻,部分患者有头痛、畏寒和肌肉酸痛等。儿童以呕吐为主;成人则腹泻居多,粪便为稀水便或水样便。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"ca897188a21132619f3a2693b0abd385"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"传播途径
病例和隐性感染者为诺如病毒感染的传染源。传播途径多样,主要通过摄入被粪便或呕吐物污染的食物或水、接触患者粪便或呕吐物、吸入呕吐时产生的气溶胶、以及间接接触被粪便或呕吐物污染的物品和环境等感染。
预防措施
保持手卫生:饭前、便后、加工食物前应按照7步洗手法正确洗手,用肥皂和流动水至少洗20秒,但需注意,含酒精消毒纸巾和免洗手消毒剂对诺如病毒无效,不能代替洗手。
注意饮食饮水卫生:不饮用生水,蔬菜瓜果彻底洗净,烹饪食物要煮熟,特别是牡蛎和其他贝类海鲜类食品更要煮熟煮透后食用。
病例应尽量居家隔离:诺如病毒感染者患病期至康复后3天内应尽量隔离,轻症患者可居家或在疫情发生机构就地隔离,重症患者需送医疗机构隔离治疗。在此期间患者应勤洗手,保持手卫生,尽量不要和其他健康的家人等近距离接触,分开食宿,尤其不要做饭或照顾老人和幼儿。
做好环境清洁和消毒工作:保持室内适宜温度,定期开窗通风。使用含氯消毒剂对患者呕吐物或粪便污染的环境和物品进行消毒。在清理受到呕吐物污染的物品时,应戴塑胶手套和口罩,避免直接接触污染物。患者家庭环境也应依据医务人员指导加强消毒,避免在家庭内造成传播。
保持健康生活方式:保持规律作息、合理膳食、适量运动等健康生活方式,增强身体对病毒的抵抗能力。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"bd1bff0777be11f7a7da9c349137f39d"},"img_height":800,"img_size":26,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/69d9a36e298871662e0a2a4f426ace3d__jpg.heic","img_width":800,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvNjlkOWEzNmUyOTg4NzE2NjJlMGEyYTRmNDI2YWNlM2RfX2pwZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"3c1fd495a35bbeeb0a95bcfa67cb18e9"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"subtitle_align":"center","subtitle_color":"#843D19","subtitle_font_size":"large","subtitle_style_id":11,"text":"07 手足口病","type":6},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"2e7073c7763415e39ebfa75c099025d2"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"手足口病属于丙类传染病。是由一系列肠道病毒引起的常见传染病之一,包括肠道病毒71型(EV71)、柯萨奇A组16型、埃可病毒等。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"b36f3c7fb2be0a4baded4b33a586eefa"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"主要症状
主要表现为发热,手、足和臀部等部位出现斑丘疹或疱疹,口腔可出现溃疡。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"ee5c5cd1f26e86acd19a03354f6c1277"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"传播途径
通过密切接触患者的咽喉分泌物(如唾液、痰和鼻涕)、疱疹液和粪便,或被其污染的手、毛巾、玩具、餐具、床上用品等物品或环境而感染,也可通过呼吸道飞沫和消化道等途径传播。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"7393863cf8d0ef372482d837356fc31c"},"img_height":514,"img_size":264,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/68b34ce3cfacb0d3029136e23e0f8050__png.heic","img_width":572,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvNjhiMzRjZTNjZmFjYjBkMzAyOTEzNmUyM2UwZjgwNTBfX3BuZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"70e9731590eee47ca8a157c7454a76a9"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"预防措施
勤洗手、勤通风、勤晒衣被;充分清洗、消毒儿童使用餐具;避免接触患病儿童。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"a055943790218d3e2082c720e45a806d"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"subtitle_align":"center","subtitle_color":"#843D19","subtitle_font_size":"large","subtitle_style_id":11,"text":"08 病毒性肝炎","type":6},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"aab45ea71907c603dd2ce9ccbd0963df"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"病毒性肝炎是由多种肝炎病毒引起的常见乙类传染病,具有传染性强、传播途径复杂、流行面广泛,发病率较高等特点。肝炎病毒可分为甲、乙、丙、丁、戊型。甲肝和戊肝多为急性发病,一般预后良好;乙肝和丙肝病程复杂,迁延成慢性后可发展为肝硬化或肝癌。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"5dec6458e74523d2e393025de18dd79d"},"img_height":576,"img_size":423,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/37a92b63d5bb19d635a9b834dcf68e9f__png.heic","img_width":866,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvMzdhOTJiNjNkNWJiMTlkNjM1YTliODM0ZGNmNjhlOWZfX3BuZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"6689c525272c57779ddd1dda31b3eab7"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"主要症状
典型病例发病初期常有乏力、厌食、恶心、呕吐等症状,随后出现黄疸,小便深黄,大便灰白,皮肤巩膜黄染,肝脾肿大,体温升高等。有些患者出现荨麻疹、关节痛或上呼吸道症状。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"4458d1ca7fa9e8518ec12eea700583b3"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"传播途径
甲肝和戊肝主要经消化道传播,水源或食物被污染可引起暴发流行。
乙肝和丙肝主要经血液、母婴和性传播。例如,输入被病毒污染的血液及血液制品,使用未经严格消毒的注射器和针头(如注射毒品等)、侵入性医疗或美容器具(如文身、穿耳孔等),共用剃须刀和牙刷;与感染者进行无保护性行为;携带病毒的孕产妇可将病毒传染给新生儿。
丁肝的传播途径与乙肝相似,与乙肝病毒同时或在乙肝病毒感染的基础上才能感染。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"d1417b8ea7909be059bddf2b32adcd29"},"img_height":350,"img_size":280,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/6521a91e2577a85f9aca19bde6a5ef0c__png.heic","img_width":938,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvNjUyMWE5MWUyNTc3YTg1ZjlhY2ExOWJkZTZhNWVmMGNfX3BuZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"30fd00757edd2629e6b5ddf6872fa7ed"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"预防措施
乙肝:接种乙肝疫苗是预防乙肝最安全、有效的措施。
甲肝、戊肝:注意饮食、饮水卫生和接种疫苗,可有效预防甲肝和戊肝。搞好环境卫生,加强水源和粪便管理,改善供水条件;养成良好的个人卫生习惯,饭前便后洗手,不吃生食,不饮生水,可有效预防甲肝和戊肝。
丙肝:切断传播途径,可有效预防丙肝。目前尚无丙肝疫苗,但采取有效措施切断传播途径,丙肝是可以预防的。拒绝毒品,不共用针具注射毒品;杜绝非法采、供血;避免不必要的注射、输血和使用血液制品;到正规的医疗卫生机构进行注射、输血和使用血液制品,可大幅减少感染丙肝病毒的风险。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"7133178b7579785fd70b336e09db2b85"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"subtitle_align":"center","subtitle_color":"#843D19","subtitle_font_size":"large","subtitle_style_id":11,"text":"09 猴痘","type":6},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"fe60a92b85d1bc07841e962c103b7e9c"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"猴痘是猴痘病毒感染所致的传染病。
主要症状和传播途径
人主要通过接触感染动物的呼吸道分泌物、病变渗出物、血液、其它体液,或被感染动物咬伤、抓伤而感染。人与人之间主要通过密切接触传播,也可在长时间近距离接触时通过飞沫传播,接触病毒污染的物品也有可能感染。猴痘的潜伏期5-21天,多为6-13天,主要表现为发热、皮疹、淋巴结肿大。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"c3acb88414a37a1f1402bcb76d72ec23"},"img_height":642,"img_size":45,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/7d838c1d4feb8f5989258d10a2921501__jpg.heic","img_width":960,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvN2Q4MzhjMWQ0ZmViOGY1OTg5MjU4ZDEwYTI5MjE1MDFfX2pwZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"275c99f9c00e3794c5da220da26d92d9"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"主要预防措施:
避免与出现皮疹的人进行密切的皮肤接触。避免接触猴痘患者使用过的物品。勤洗手。如到中非或西非旅游,请避免接触可能传播猴痘病毒的啮齿动物及灵长类动物。如发现以上症状时,应及时主动就医并告知21天活动轨迹。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"027e5a94b60e2b6fc038f502d3ee85ae"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"subtitle_align":"center","subtitle_color":"#843D19","subtitle_font_size":"large","subtitle_style_id":11,"text":"10 蜱传播疾病","type":6},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"210ed4f5f6478679d49c2b4f34be9c40"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"蜱是多种传染病的传播媒介,常通过叮咬将病原体传播给人。我国大部分地区4-9月为蜱活跃期,人被蜱叮咬的机会显著增加。蜱生活在草丛、灌木丛或树木繁茂的地区以及动物体表,人在户外遛狗、露营、园艺、采茶、耕种或打猎可能会与蜱密切接触,在院子或社区里也会接触蜱。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"8eba892d6ac45b499242317545e000f3"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"症状和传播途径
蜱常附着在人体的头皮、腰部、腋窝、腹股沟及脚踝下方等部位,吸饱血后虫体膨胀如黄豆大小。蜱叮咬人后可引起过敏、溃疡或发炎等症状,一般较轻微;但蜱传播的一些传染病,如发热伴血小板减少综合征、新疆出血热等病死风险较高。经蜱传播的疾病早期常有类似症状,发热、发冷是最常见症状,其次是瘙痒、头痛、乏力和肌肉酸痛,有的会出现关节疼痛、皮疹等。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"71fa1c7feda308832f3e85325af35860"},"img_height":720,"img_size":39,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/18543803/497fe74a1e2426553e35332c186db722__jpg.heic","img_width":1080,"is_origin":false,"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvMTg1NDM4MDMvNDk3ZmU3NGExZTI0MjY1NTNlMzUzMzJjMTg2ZGI3MjJfX2pwZy5oZWlj/nickname/5Y-26ZqP6Zuo6JC9/userid/MTg1NDM4MDM=/sign/339a350d21c19f749ee4f8edf40679d0"},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"ad09e2df18c55313f0fce280c8fc0499"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"主要预防措施:
野外活动时做好个人防护,扎紧裤腿或把裤腿塞进袜子或鞋里,穿浅色衣服可让附着在身上的蜱无所遁形,不要穿凉鞋,不要在草地、树木上晾晒衣物,进入室内前认真检查,防止通过衣物和宠物把蜱带回家。
一旦发现有蜱附着在皮肤上,应尽快清除蜱,可用酒精喷涂在蜱身上,使蜱头部放松或死亡,再用干净的细尖头镊子取出蜱,不要生拉硬拽,以免拽伤皮肤或将蜱的头部留在皮肤内,取出后,再用碘酒或酒精做局部消毒处理,并随时观察身体状况;必要时,及时向医务人员咨询。如在清除蜱后的几周内出现发热、乏力、肌肉酸痛等症状,应尽快就医并告知医生相关暴露史。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"ext":{"unique_id":"d054334ed80480dcb93b4bbbf8493b32"},"sectionPublished":true,"source":0,"text":"亲爱的家长朋友们,夏季传染病虽然种类繁多,但只要我们重视预防工作,做到早发现、早隔离、早诊断、早治疗,就可以有效地阻断传染病的流行与传播。让我们共同携手加强传染病防范意识,提高预防知识水平,共同守护孩子健康安全!
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