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人间四月芳菲尽,山寺桃花始盛开。2022年4月28日上午,《小学教学》编辑部举办“发挥直观想象,发展推理意识——小学数学尺规作图教学的实践与探索”网络研讨活动。新颁布的《义务教育数学课程标准(2022年版)》,引发了我们文峰路小学全体教师的关注,这次活动的举办让我们在思想上对新课标中增加的“尺规作图”的内容有了具体的了解和深刻的认识,真是一场及时雨啊!
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":654,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/42556623/5d52be50-c6a5-11ec-ad36-3bda00b0a5ad__jpg.heic","img_width":750,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":" 活动初始,《小学数学》编辑部的黄海静老师进行了开场致辞,随后是由北京教育科学研究院的张丹教授带来的专题报告《在“作图”中发展几何直观和推理意识》。张老师结合新课标从“什么是尺规作图”、“尺规作图的教育价值”、“课程标准在小学阶段中提到的尺规作图”、“尺规作图教学建议”四方面为大家进行了解读。张丹教授对于“尺规作图”的价值以及这一内容引入小学的必要性进行了高站位的引领。尺规作图可以积累学生的数学活动经验,激发学生的学习兴趣,提高学生的创新能力,帮助学生从另一个角度理解数学。","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":324,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/42556623/f6291100-c6a6-11ec-ad36-3bda00b0a5ad__png.heic","img_width":774,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":1200,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/42556623/457885c0-c6a6-11ec-ad36-3bda00b0a5ad__jpg.heic","img_width":1200,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":" 紧接着北京市西城区教育研究学院的来雪娣老师和北京第二实验小学的刘鹏老师带来的专题报告《尺规作图的思考与实践》。他们对“尺规作图”这部分内容的系列课程进行了分享,他们的整体设计让我们对这部分内容有了全面的认识。刘老师对《认识尺规》这一内容的说课展示,让我们感受到学生对于“尺规作图”浓厚的兴趣。学生们创造出丰富、有趣的作品,展示出了他们无限的创造力。来老师对《作等长线段》、《作一个三角形》、《能围成吗》三部分内容交流了他们的思考与实践,让我们切实感受到尺规作图在小学阶段的实施过程。","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":1350,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/42556623/8b5d2190-c6a6-11ec-ad36-3bda00b0a5ad__jpg.heic","img_width":1200,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":" 接下来是由北京第二实验小学数学团队带来的三节课例展示。","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":" 第一节课是曹翰麟老师带来的《作等长线段》。每一块金牌和冠军的背后是无数个日以继夜的艰辛和努力。曹翰麟老师以东京奥运会女子铅球金牌得主巩立姣为引,引导学生感知中国体育健儿精彩的赛场表现、昂扬的精神风采,极大地激发了学生的爱国热情。曹老师又以三名学生想要进入校队为校争光为例,引导学生思考:根据校队标准和他们三人扔铅球的成绩,他们能否进入校队?通过动手操作,学生做到真思考、真表达。在认识尺规并能比较线段长短的基础上,曹老师又进一步提出如何用尺规画等长线段?学生热情高涨,量一量、连一连、说一说,借助圆规画出了无数条等长线段。曹老师的这节课充分发挥学生的主体地位,让学生全面地、主动地、生动活泼地得到各方面的发展。","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":1070,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/42556623/d97afb80-c6a2-11ec-ad36-3bda00b0a5ad__jpg.heic","img_width":1080,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":1052,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/42556623/e6e2fd40-c6a2-11ec-ad36-3bda00b0a5ad__jpg.heic","img_width":1054,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":" 第二节课是张丹老师带来的《尺规作图:画一个三角形》。张老师由几张尺规作图的美丽图片开始,激发了学生的好奇心。一张张美丽的图片不仅让学生和听课老师感受到了尺规作图之美,更让人感受到了数学课堂之有趣。接着,张老师给出了本节课的第一个挑战:给定三条线段,用尺规画一个三角形。张老师给了同学们充分的自主探索、合作交流的时间,在不断“凑”的过程中充分发挥学生们的想象力,不断体会两弧的交点的重要意义,理解三角形第三个顶点确定的方法。学生们在不断的想象和探索过程中,借助尺规作图对三角形三边关系有了初步的感悟。有了第一个挑战成功的经验,第二个挑战:画等腰三角形,学生探索的积极性非常高,在小组合作交流和讨论的过程中,很快就用尺规作出了符合要求的等腰三角形。张老师教学态度亲切自然、语言简洁明了,很值得我们学习!","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":1062,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/42556623/cd85eab0-c6a2-11ec-ad36-3bda00b0a5ad__jpg.heic","img_width":1056,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":794,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/42556623/b963a680-c6a2-11ec-ad36-3bda00b0a5ad__jpg.heic","img_width":1060,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":" 第三节课是王昊喆老师带来的《能围成吗》。首先,王老师带来了一个小挑战,能不能用两条线段围成三角形?同学们异口同声:不行。王老师进一步引导:再添一条多长的线段,就可以围成?学生发散思维,答案多种多样。那么这些线段都可以和所给的两条线段围成三角形吗?学生通过猜想、实际操作、不断调整,得到验证。线段外有交点可以围成三角形的情况,王老师引导学生发现当三角形的三条边长度确定时,三角形的形状和大小也就确定了。那么线段上有交点能否围成三角形?王老师先引导学生不断调整线段的长度,再利用动画展示,直观感知、动静结合,顺势利导发现三角形的三边关系:两短边之和大于第三边。王老师这节课拓宽了学生的视野,培养了学生的学习兴趣,突破了教学重难点,使学生的思维得到更有效的发展,提高了数学教学效果。","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":1422,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/42556623/b01f5dd0-c6a2-11ec-ad36-3bda00b0a5ad__jpg.heic","img_width":1042,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"活动最后,殷现宾主编对于此次活动进行了总结,对比新老课标提出了他自己的一些思考。
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