<p class="ql-block">你可能游历过大江南北</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">但滩、湾、渚、島、礁......</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">你都分辨不出来</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">你走过很多园林</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">然而亭、台、楼、阁、轩......</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">却不一定都认识</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><b>看完这篇文章才知道</b></p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><b>中国文字的博大精深</b></p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><b>真是让人叹为观止</b></p><p class="ql-block"><br></p> <p class="ql-block"><b style="color:rgb(22, 126, 251);">海岸篇</b></p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"> 一面临水叫<b>岸</b>或<b>滩</b>；</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p> <p class="ql-block">两面临水叫<b>湾</b>；</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p> <p class="ql-block">三面临水叫<b>渚</b></p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">无锡太湖鼋头渚↓</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p> <p class="ql-block">四面临水大的叫<b>岛</b>；</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p> <p class="ql-block">小的叫<b>礁</b>；</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p> <p class="ql-block">石头多的叫<b>矶</b>；</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p> <p class="ql-block">河流大的叫<b>江</b>；</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p> <p class="ql-block">小的叫<b>河</b>；</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p> <p class="ql-block">水边或河流入海的地方叫<b>浦</b>；</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p> <h3>面积小的叫<strong>塘</strong>；</h3></br><h3> <h3>面积大的叫<strong>湖</strong>；</h3></br><h3> <h3>浅的叫<strong>荡</strong>。（芦花荡）</h3></br><h3> <h3>三面临水面积大的称为<strong>半岛</strong>；</h3></br><h3> <h3>密集的岛屿称为<strong>群岛</strong>；</h3></br><h3> <h3>成线状或弧状排列的称为<strong>列岛</strong>。（日本）</h3></br><h3> <h3>水与草交接的地方称为<strong>湄</strong>；</h3></br><h3> <h3>厓是山边，<strong>涯</strong>从水，指水边</h3></br><h3> <h3>小水坑称为<strong>洼</strong>；</h3></br><h3> <h3>小而深的水称为<strong>潭</strong>；</h3></br><h3> <h3>大而深的水称为<strong>渊</strong>；</h3></br><h3> <h3>水草茂密的积水地带称为<strong>沼泽</strong>；</h3></br><h3> <h3>人工挖掘的排水道称为<strong>渠</strong>；</h3></br><h3> <h3>人工开凿的大型功能性河流叫<strong>运河</strong>；</h3></br><h3> <h3>较低的挡水构筑物叫<strong>堰</strong>；（都江堰）</h3></br><h3> <h3>相对堰高一点的叫<strong>坝</strong>；</h3></br><h3> <h3>江河沿岸停靠的码头叫<strong>埠</strong>；</h3></br><h3> <h3>停泊大船的江海码头叫<strong>港</strong></h3></br><h3> <p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(57, 181, 74);">园林篇</span></p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><b>亭：</b>有顶无墙且一般只有一间的建筑</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">是供人憩息的场所</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">也是园林中重要的点景建筑</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p> <p class="ql-block"><b>台：</b>高出地面而建的平面建筑物</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">最古老的园林建筑形式之一</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p> <p class="ql-block"><b>楼：</b>指两层以上的大型建筑物</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">楼在建筑组群中常居于次要位置</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">处于建筑组群的最后一列或左右厢位置</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p> <p class="ql-block"><b>阁：</b>重屋为楼，四敞为阁</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">阁四面皆有窗，且也设有门</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">四周还都设有挑出的平座</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">供人环阁漫步、观景</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p> <p arial="arial" border-box="border-box" both="both" break-word="break-word" center="center" em="em" gb="gb" helvetica="helvetica" hiragino="hiragino" important="important" microsoft="microsoft" neue="neue" none="none" normal="normal" px="px" rgb="rgb" sans="sans" sans-serif="sans-serif" yahei="yahei"><strong>轩：</strong>与亭相似，但通常有窗</h3></br><p arial="arial" border-box="border-box" both="both" break-word="break-word" center="center" em="em" gb="gb" helvetica="helvetica" hiragino="hiragino" important="important" microsoft="microsoft" neue="neue" none="none" normal="normal" px="px" rgb="rgb" sans="sans" sans-serif="sans-serif" yahei="yahei">亦可代指有窗的廊子或小屋子</h3></br><p arial="arial" border-box="border-box" both="both" break-word="break-word" center="center" em="em" gb="gb" helvetica="helvetica" hiragino="hiragino" important="important" microsoft="microsoft" neue="neue" none="none" normal="normal" px="px" rgb="rgb" sans="sans" sans-serif="sans-serif" yahei="yahei">它不作为园林的主体建筑</h3></br><p arial="arial" border-box="border-box" both="both" break-word="break-word" center="center" em="em" gb="gb" helvetica="helvetica" hiragino="hiragino" important="important" microsoft="microsoft" neue="neue" none="none" normal="normal" px="px" rgb="rgb" sans="sans" sans-serif="sans-serif" yahei="yahei">可以看作是“引景”之物</h3></br><p arial="arial" border-box="border-box" both="both" break-word="break-word" center="center" em="em" gb="gb" helvetica="helvetica" hiragino="hiragino" important="important" microsoft="microsoft" neue="neue" none="none" normal="normal" px="px" rgb="rgb" sans="sans" sans-serif="sans-serif" yahei="yahei"> <p arial="arial" border-box="border-box" both="both" break-word="break-word" center="center" em="em" gb="gb" helvetica="helvetica" hiragino="hiragino" important="important" microsoft="microsoft" neue="neue" none="none" normal="normal" px="px" rgb="rgb" sans="sans" sans-serif="sans-serif" yahei="yahei"><strong>榭：</strong>多指水榭，是临水而建</h3></br><p arial="arial" border-box="border-box" both="both" break-word="break-word" center="center" em="em" gb="gb" helvetica="helvetica" hiragino="hiragino" important="important" microsoft="microsoft" neue="neue" none="none" normal="normal" px="px" rgb="rgb" sans="sans" sans-serif="sans-serif" yahei="yahei">供人们休息、观景的建筑</h3></br><p arial="arial" border-box="border-box" both="both" break-word="break-word" center="center" em="em" gb="gb" helvetica="helvetica" hiragino="hiragino" important="important" microsoft="microsoft" neue="neue" none="none" normal="normal" px="px" rgb="rgb" sans="sans" sans-serif="sans-serif" yahei="yahei">依靠周围景色建榭</h3></br><p arial="arial" border-box="border-box" both="both" break-word="break-word" center="center" em="em" gb="gb" helvetica="helvetica" hiragino="hiragino" important="important" microsoft="microsoft" neue="neue" none="none" normal="normal" px="px" rgb="rgb" sans="sans" sans-serif="sans-serif" yahei="yahei">且平台的一部分伸出水面</h3></br><p arial="arial" border-box="border-box" both="both" break-word="break-word" center="center" em="em" gb="gb" helvetica="helvetica" hiragino="hiragino" important="important" microsoft="microsoft" neue="neue" none="none" normal="normal" px="px" rgb="rgb" sans="sans" sans-serif="sans-serif" yahei="yahei">与轩刚好相反<br></br></h3></br><p arial="arial" border-box="border-box" both="both" break-word="break-word" center="center" em="em" gb="gb" helvetica="helvetica" hiragino="hiragino" important="important" microsoft="microsoft" neue="neue" none="none" normal="normal" px="px" rgb="rgb" sans="sans" sans-serif="sans-serif" yahei="yahei"> <p arial="arial" border-box="border-box" both="both" break-word="break-word" center="center" em="em" gb="gb" helvetica="helvetica" hiragino="hiragino" important="important" microsoft="microsoft" neue="neue" none="none" normal="normal" px="px" rgb="rgb" sans="sans" sans-serif="sans-serif" yahei="yahei"><strong>廊：</strong>连接两个建筑物之间的通道</h3></br><p arial="arial" border-box="border-box" both="both" break-word="break-word" center="center" em="em" gb="gb" helvetica="helvetica" hiragino="hiragino" important="important" microsoft="microsoft" neue="neue" none="none" normal="normal" px="px" rgb="rgb" sans="sans" sans-serif="sans-serif" yahei="yahei">上有顶棚，以柱支撑</h3></br><p arial="arial" border-box="border-box" both="both" break-word="break-word" center="center" em="em" gb="gb" helvetica="helvetica" hiragino="hiragino" important="important" microsoft="microsoft" neue="neue" none="none" normal="normal" px="px" rgb="rgb" sans="sans" sans-serif="sans-serif" yahei="yahei">用以遮阳、挡雨</h3></br><p arial="arial" border-box="border-box" both="both" break-word="break-word" center="center" em="em" gb="gb" helvetica="helvetica" hiragino="hiragino" important="important" microsoft="microsoft" neue="neue" none="none" normal="normal" px="px" rgb="rgb" sans="sans" sans-serif="sans-serif" yahei="yahei">便于人们游走过程中观赏景物</h3></br><p arial="arial" border-box="border-box" both="both" break-word="break-word" center="center" em="em" gb="gb" helvetica="helvetica" hiragino="hiragino" important="important" microsoft="microsoft" neue="neue" none="none" normal="normal" px="px" rgb="rgb" sans="sans" sans-serif="sans-serif" yahei="yahei"> <p arial="arial" border-box="border-box" both="both" break-word="break-word" center="center" em="em" gb="gb" helvetica="helvetica" hiragino="hiragino" important="important" microsoft="microsoft" neue="neue" none="none" normal="normal" px="px" rgb="rgb" sans="sans" sans-serif="sans-serif" yahei="yahei"><strong>舫：</strong>似船而不能划动</h3></br><p arial="arial" border-box="border-box" both="both" break-word="break-word" center="center" em="em" gb="gb" helvetica="helvetica" hiragino="hiragino" important="important" microsoft="microsoft" neue="neue" none="none" normal="normal" px="px" rgb="rgb" sans="sans" sans-serif="sans-serif" yahei="yahei">故而又称之为“不系舟”</h3></br><p arial="arial" border-box="border-box" both="both" break-word="break-word" center="center" em="em" gb="gb" helvetica="helvetica" hiragino="hiragino" important="important" microsoft="microsoft" neue="neue" none="none" normal="normal" px="px" rgb="rgb" sans="sans" sans-serif="sans-serif" yahei="yahei">仿照船型而造的一种建筑</h3></br><p arial="arial" border-box="border-box" both="both" break-word="break-word" center="center" em="em" gb="gb" helvetica="helvetica" hiragino="hiragino" important="important" microsoft="microsoft" neue="neue" none="none" normal="normal" px="px" rgb="rgb" sans="sans" sans-serif="sans-serif" yahei="yahei">大多三面临水，一面与陆地相连</h3></br><p arial="arial" border-box="border-box" both="both" break-word="break-word" center="center" em="em" gb="gb" helvetica="helvetica" hiragino="hiragino" important="important" microsoft="microsoft" neue="neue" none="none" normal="normal" px="px" rgb="rgb" sans="sans" sans-serif="sans-serif" yahei="yahei">（颐和园昆明湖石舫）</h3></br><p arial="arial" border-box="border-box" both="both" break-word="break-word" center="center" em="em" gb="gb" helvetica="helvetica" hiragino="hiragino" important="important" microsoft="microsoft" neue="neue" none="none" normal="normal" px="px" rgb="rgb" sans="sans" sans-serif="sans-serif" yahei="yahei"> <p class="ql-block">看完真是叹为观止啊！</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">许多司空见惯的东西</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">真正碰到了竟然叫不出名子</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">有的不能找到确切的名称定位</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">甚至有的连字都不认识！</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">人生真是学无止境啊！</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><b>最后，一起欣赏下</b></p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><b>中国独有的古建筑</b></p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><b>亭台楼阁！</b></p><p class="ql-block"><br></p> <a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/jHU_wjSOPI2BXLcdFDtD-w" >查看原文</a> 原文转载自微信公众号,著作权归作者所有