2021.12.20高三化学教研

筱筱

<font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"><strong> </strong></font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'><font face="宋体"> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">难溶电解质的溶解平衡重点和难点:</font></span></b></font></span></font></font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="宋体"> <font size="3"><font color="#000000"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>1.</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">认识难溶电解质在水溶液中存在沉淀溶解平衡。</font></span></b></font></font></font></font></font></p><p></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>2</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">.了解沉淀的生成、溶解与转化。</font></span></b></font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>3</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">.能综合运用离子反应、化学平衡原理,分析和解决生产、生活中有关电解质溶液的实际问题。</font></span></b></font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font> <h5></h5> <font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><div align="center"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><table style="border-collapse: collapse; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr style="height: 17.85pt; mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;"><td width="640" style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt; border: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-image: none; width: 480.15pt; height: 17.85pt; background-color: transparent;"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> <font size="3"><font color="#000000"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体;'>(2)</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='font-family: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>外因</span></b></font></font></span></b></font></font></font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><div align="center"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><table style="border: currentColor; border-image: none; border-collapse: collapse; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-border-alt: solid text .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid text; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid text;" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes;"><td width="71" style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt; border-image: none; width: 53pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid text .5pt;" rowspan="2"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p align="center" style="margin: 0cm; text-align: center; line-height: 18pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; tab-stops: 234.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3">温度</font></span></b></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font></td><td width="56" style="border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt 0px; border-style: solid solid solid none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; border-image: none; width: 42.15pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid text .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid text .5pt;"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p align="center" style="margin: 0cm; text-align: center; line-height: 18pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; tab-stops: 234.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3">规律</font></span></b></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font></td><td width="436" style="border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt 0px; border-style: solid solid solid none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; border-image: none; width: 327.05pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid text .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid text .5pt;"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p align="center" style="margin: 0cm; text-align: center; line-height: 18pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; tab-stops: 234.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><font color="#000000"><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">升温,大多数溶解平衡向<u>溶解的方向</u>移动,</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>K</span></i></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'><font size="2">sp</font></span></sub></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体" size="3">增大</font></span></u></b></font></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font></td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;"><td width="56" style="border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; border-style: none solid solid none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.15pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid text .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid text .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid text .5pt;"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p align="center" style="margin: 0cm; text-align: center; line-height: 18pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; tab-stops: 234.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3">原因</font></span></b></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font></td><td width="436" style="border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; border-style: none solid solid none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 327.05pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid text .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid text .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid text .5pt;"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p align="center" style="margin: 0cm; text-align: center; line-height: 18pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; tab-stops: 234.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3">大多数难溶电解质的溶解过程是<u>吸热</u>的</font></span></b></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font></td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2;"><td width="71" style="border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; border-style: none solid solid; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; border-image: none; width: 53pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid text .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid text .5pt;"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p align="center" style="margin: 0cm; text-align: center; line-height: 18pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; tab-stops: 234.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3">浓度</font></span></b></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font></td><td width="56" style="border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; border-style: none solid solid none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 42.15pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid text .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid text .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid text .5pt;"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p align="center" style="margin: 0cm; text-align: center; line-height: 18pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; tab-stops: 234.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3">规律</font></span></b></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font></td><td width="436" style="border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; border-style: none solid solid none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 327.05pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid text .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid text .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid text .5pt;"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p align="center" style="margin: 0cm; text-align: center; line-height: 18pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; tab-stops: 234.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><font color="#000000"><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">加水稀释,平衡向<u>溶解的方向</u>移动,</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>K</span></i></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'><font size="2">sp</font></span></sub></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体" size="3">不变</font></span></u></b></font></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font></td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3;"><td width="71" style="border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; border-style: none solid solid; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; border-image: none; width: 53pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid text .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid text .5pt;"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p align="center" style="margin: 0cm; text-align: center; line-height: 18pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; tab-stops: 234.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3">相同离子</font></span></b></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font></td><td width="492" style="border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; border-style: none solid solid none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 369.2pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid text .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid text .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid text .5pt;" colspan="2"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 18pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; tab-stops: 234.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3">加入与难溶电解质构成微粒相同离子组成的物质,平衡向<u>生成沉淀的方向</u>移动</font></span></b></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font></td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 4; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;"><td width="71" style="border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; border-style: none solid solid; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; border-image: none; width: 53pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid text .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid text .5pt;"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p align="center" style="margin: 0cm; text-align: center; line-height: 18pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; tab-stops: 234.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3">反应离子</font></span></b></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font></td><td width="492" style="border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; border-style: none solid solid none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 369.2pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid text .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid text .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid text .5pt;" colspan="2"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p align="center" style="margin: 0cm; text-align: center; line-height: 18pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; tab-stops: 234.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3">加入能消耗难溶物离子的物质,平衡向<u>溶解的方向</u>移动</font></span></b></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font></td></tr></tbody></table><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font></div><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体;'>3</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">.</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='font-family: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>沉淀溶解平衡的应用</span></b></font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体;'>(1)</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='font-family: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>沉淀的生成</span></b></font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体;'><font face="宋体">①</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='font-family: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>调节</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体;'>pH</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='font-family: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>法</span></b></font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font color="#000000"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体" size="3">如除去</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'><font size="3">NH</font><sub><font size="2">4</font></sub><font size="3">Cl</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体" size="3">溶液中</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'><font size="3">FeCl</font><sub><font size="2">3</font></sub></span></b><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">杂质,加入氨水调节</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>pH</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">至</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>3</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">~</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>4</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">,离子方程式为<font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"><font color="#000000"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font size="3">Fe</font><sup><font size="2">3</font></sup></span></b><font face="宋体"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sup><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font size="2">+</font></span></sup></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font size="3">+</font></span></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font size="3">3NH</font><sub><font size="2">3</font></sub><font size="3">·H</font><sub><font size="2">2</font></sub><font size="3">O<span style="letter-spacing: -0.8pt;">==</span>=Fe(OH)</font><sub><font size="2">3</font></sub></span></b><font size="3"><font face="宋体"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'>↓</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'>+</span></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'>3NH</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">。</font></span></b></font></font></font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font></font></span></b></font></font></p><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font face="宋体">②</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='font-family: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>沉淀剂法</span></b></font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font color="#000000"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体" size="3">如用</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font size="3">H</font><sub><font size="2">2</font></sub><font size="3">S</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体" size="3">沉淀</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font size="3">Cu</font><sup><font size="2">2</font></sup></span></b><font face="宋体"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sup><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font size="2">+</font></span></sup></b><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'>,</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>离子方程式</span></b></font></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font size="3">H</font><sub><font size="2">2</font></sub><font size="3">S</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font face="宋体" size="3">+</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font size="3">Cu</font><sup><font size="2">2</font></sup></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sup><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font face="宋体" size="2">+</font></span></sup></b><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='letter-spacing: -0.8pt; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'>==</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'>=CuS</span></b><font face="宋体"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'>↓</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'>+</span></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'>2H</span></b></font><font face="宋体"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sup><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font size="2">+</font></span></sup></b></font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'>(2)</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='font-family: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>沉淀的溶解</span></b></font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font color="#000000"><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font face="宋体">①</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='font-family: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>酸溶解法</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'> <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">如</font></span></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font size="3">CaCO</font><sub><font size="2">3</font></sub></span></b><font face="宋体"><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>溶于盐酸</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'>,</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>离子方程式为</span></b></font></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font size="3">CaCO</font><sub><font size="2">3</font></sub></span></b><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font face="宋体">+</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'>2H</span></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sup><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font face="宋体" size="2">+</font></span></sup></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='letter-spacing: -0.8pt; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font size="3">==</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font size="3">=Ca</font><sup><font size="2">2</font></sup></span></b><font face="宋体"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sup><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font size="2">+</font></span></sup></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font size="3">+</font></span></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font size="3">H</font><sub><font size="2">2</font></sub><font size="3">O</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font face="宋体" size="3">+</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font size="3">CO</font><sub><font size="2">2</font></sub></span></b><font face="宋体"><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'>↑</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>。</span></b></font></font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font face="宋体">②</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='font-family: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>盐溶液溶解法</span></b></font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font color="#000000"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体" size="3">如</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font size="3">Mg(OH)</font><sub><font size="2">2</font></sub></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体" size="3">溶于</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font size="3">NH</font><sub><font size="2">4</font></sub><font size="3">Cl</font></span></b><font face="宋体"><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>溶液</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'>,</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>离子方程式为</span></b></font></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font size="3">Mg(OH)</font><sub><font size="2">2</font></sub></span></b><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font face="宋体">+</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'>2NH</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='letter-spacing: -0.8pt; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'>==</span></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font size="3">=Mg</font><sup><font size="2">2</font></sup></span></b><font face="宋体"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sup><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font size="2">+</font></span></sup></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font size="3">+</font></span></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font size="3">2NH</font><sub><font size="2">3</font></sub><font size="3">·H</font><sub><font size="2">2</font></sub><font size="3">O</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体" size="3">。</font></span></b></font></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font color="#000000"><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font face="宋体">③</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='font-family: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>氧化还原溶解法</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'> <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">如不溶于盐酸的硫化物</font></span></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font size="3">Ag</font><sub><font size="2">2</font></sub><font size="3">S</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体" size="3">溶于稀</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font size="3">HNO</font><sub><font size="2">3</font></sub></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体" size="3">。</font></span></b></font></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font face="宋体">④</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='font-family: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>配位溶解法</span></b></font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font color="#000000"><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">如</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'>AgCl</span></b><font face="宋体"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>溶于氨水</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'>,</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>离子方程式为</span></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'>AgCl</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font face="宋体">+</font></span></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font size="3">2NH</font><sub><font size="2">3</font></sub><font size="3">·H</font><sub><font size="2">2</font></sub><font size="3">O<span style="letter-spacing: -0.8pt;">==</span>=</font></span></b><font face="宋体"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='font-family: IPAPANNEW; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font size="3">[Ag(NH</font><sub><font size="2">3</font></sub><font size="3">)</font><sub><font size="2">2</font></sub><font size="3">]</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sup><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font size="2">+</font></span></sup></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font size="3">+</font></span></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font size="3">Cl</font></span></b><font face="宋体"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sup><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font size="2">-</font></span></sup></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font size="3">+</font></span></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font size="3">2H</font><sub><font size="2">2</font></sub><font size="3">O</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体" size="3">。</font></span></b></font></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体;'>(3)</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='font-family: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>沉淀的转化</span></b></font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font face="宋体"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>①</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>实质:沉淀溶解平衡的移动。</span></b></font></font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font color="#000000"><font face="宋体"><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>②</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>举例:</span></b></font></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'><font size="3">MgCl</font><sub><font size="2">2</font></sub></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体" size="3">溶液</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 宋体-方正超大字符集; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体-方正超大字符集; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体-方正超大字符集;"><span style='font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7.5pt;'>NaOH</span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'><font size="3">Mg(OH)</font><sub><font size="2">2</font></sub></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 宋体-方正超大字符集; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体-方正超大字符集; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体-方正超大字符集;"><span style='font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7.5pt;'>FeCl3</span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'><font size="3">Fe(OH)</font><sub><font size="2">3</font></sub></span></b><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">,则</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>K</span></i></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'><font size="2">sp</font></span></sub></b><font face="宋体"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: IPAPANNEW; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font size="3">[Mg(OH)</font><sub><font size="2">2</font></sub><font size="3">]</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font size="3">></font></span></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'><font size="3">K</font></span></i></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'><font size="2">sp</font></span></sub></b><font face="宋体"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: IPAPANNEW; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font size="3">[Fe(OH)</font><sub><font size="2">3</font></sub><font size="3">]</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font size="3">。</font></span></b></font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font face="宋体"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>③</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>规律:一般说来,<u>溶解度小</u>的沉淀转化成<u>溶解度更小</u>的沉淀容易实现,但溶解度小的沉淀在一定条件下,也能转化为溶解度稍大的沉淀。</span></b></font></font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font face="宋体"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>④</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>应用</span></b></font></font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><div align="center"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><table style="border: currentColor; border-image: none; border-collapse: collapse; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-border-alt: solid text .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid text; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid text;" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes;"><td width="85" style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt; border-image: none; width: 63.55pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid text .5pt;"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p align="center" style="margin: 0cm; text-align: center; line-height: 150%; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3">锅炉除水垢</font></span></b></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font></td><td width="465" style="border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt 0px; border-style: solid solid solid none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; border-image: none; width: 348.7pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid text .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid text .5pt;"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p align="center" style="margin: 0cm; text-align: center; line-height: 150%; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font color="#000000"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体" size="3">将</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'><font size="3">CaSO</font><sub><font size="2">4</font></sub></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体" size="3">转化为</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'><font size="3">CaCO</font><sub><font size="2">3</font></sub></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体" size="3">,离子方程式为</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'><font size="3">CaSO</font><sub><font size="2">4</font></sub></span></u></b><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">+</font></span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>CO</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span lang="EN-US" style='letter-spacing: -0.8pt; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>==</span></u></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'><font size="3">=CaCO</font><sub><font size="2">3</font></sub></span></u></b><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">+</font></span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>SO</span></u></b></font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font></td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;"><td width="85" style="border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; border-style: none solid solid; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; border-image: none; width: 63.55pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid text .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid text .5pt;"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p align="center" style="margin: 0cm; text-align: center; line-height: 150%; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3">矿物转化</font></span></b></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font></td><td width="465" style="border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; border-style: none solid solid none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 348.7pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid text .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid text .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid text .5pt;"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p align="center" style="margin: 0cm; text-align: center; line-height: 150%; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font color="#000000"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'><font size="3">CuSO</font><sub><font size="2">4</font></sub></span></b><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">溶液遇</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>ZnS</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">转化为</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>CuS</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">,离子方程式为</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>ZnS</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">+</font></span></u></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'><font size="3">Cu</font><sup><font size="2">2</font></sup></span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><sup><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体" size="2">+</font></span></sup></u></b><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span lang="EN-US" style='letter-spacing: -0.8pt; font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>==</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>=CuS</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">+</font></span></u></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'><font size="3">Zn</font><sup><font size="2">2</font></sup></span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><sup><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体" size="2">+</font></span></sup></u></b></font></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font></td></tr></tbody></table><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font></div><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm;"></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font></td></tr></tbody></table><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font></div><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font> <h3><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font></h3><h3 style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体;'>1</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">.</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='font-family: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>溶度积和离子积</span></b></font></font></h3><h3><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font></h3><h3 style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font color="#000000"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体" size="3">以</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'><font size="3">A</font><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><sub><font size="2">m</font></sub></i><font size="3">B</font><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><sub><font size="2">n</font></sub></i><font size="3">(s)</font></span></b><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "ZBFH",serif;'></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Gothic";'>⇌</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "ZBFH",serif;'></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>m</span></i></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'><font size="3">A</font><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><sup><font size="2">n</font></sup></i></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sup><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体" size="2">+</font></span></sup></b><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>(aq)</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">+</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>n</span></i></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'><font size="3">B</font><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><sup><font size="2">m</font></sup></i></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sup><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体" size="2">-</font></span></sup></b><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>(aq)</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">为例:</font></span></b></font></font></h3><h3 style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font color="#000000"><font face="宋体" size="3"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><strong><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;'><em>K</em></span><sub><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;'>sp</span></sub><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;'>(A<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><sub><font size="1">m</font></sub></i>B<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><sub><font size="1">n</font></sub></i>)</span><span style='font-family: 宋体; font-size: 9pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;'>=</span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;'>c<sup><font size="1">m</font></sup></span></i><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;'>(A<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><sup><font size="1">n</font></sup></i></span><sup><span style='font-family: 宋体; font-size: 9pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;'>+</span></sup><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;'>)·<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">c<sup><font size="1">n</font></sup></i>(B<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><sup><font size="1">m</font></sup></i></span><sup><span style='font-family: 宋体; font-size: 9pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;'>-</span></sup><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;'>)</span><span style='font-family: 宋体; font-size: 9pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;'>,式中的浓度为平衡浓度</span></strong></span></font></font></h3><h3 style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font color="#000000"><font face="宋体" size="3"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><span style='font-family: 宋体; font-size: 9pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;'><strong><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;'><em>Q</em></span><sub><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;'>c</span></sub><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;'>(A<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><sub><font size="1">m</font></sub></i>B<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><sub><font size="1">n</font></sub></i>)</span><span style='font-family: 宋体; font-size: 9pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;'>=</span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;'>c<sup><font size="1">m</font></sup></span></i><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;'>(A<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><sup><font size="1">n</font></sup></i></span><sup><span style='font-family: 宋体; font-size: 9pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;'>+</span></sup><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;'>)·<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">c<sup><font size="1">n</font></sup></i>(B<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><sup><font size="1">m</font></sup></i></span><sup><span style='font-family: 宋体; font-size: 9pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;'>-</span></sup><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;'>)</span><span style='font-family: 宋体; font-size: 9pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;'>,式中的浓度是任意浓度</span></strong></span></span></font></font></h3><h3><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font></h3><h3 align="left"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"><font color="#000000"><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体;'> 2</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">.</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体;'>K</span></i></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体;'><font size="2">sp</font></span></sub></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='font-family: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font size="3">的影响因素</font></span></b></font></font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font></font></h3><h3 style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体;'>(1)</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='font-family: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>内因:</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">难溶电解质本身的溶解性,这是主要决定因素。</font></span></b></font></font></h3><h3><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font></h3><h3 style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font color="#000000"><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体;'>(2)</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='font-family: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>外因:</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">①</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>K</span></i></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'><font size="2">sp</font></span></sub></b><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">只与温度有关。绝大多数难溶电解质的溶解是<u>吸热</u>过程,升高温度,平衡向<u>溶解</u>方向移动,</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>K</span></i></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'><font size="2">sp</font></span></sub></b><font face="宋体"><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>增大</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>。</span></b></font></font></font></h3><h3><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font></h3><h3 style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font color="#000000"><font size="3"><font face="宋体"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>②</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>改变浓度或加入某些物质可改变沉淀溶解平衡,但不改变</span></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>K</span></i></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'><font size="2">sp</font></span></sub></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体" size="3">。</font></span></b></font></h3> <font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"><strong> </strong></font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"><strong> </strong></font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"></p><font size="3"><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"></p><font color="#000000"><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font face="宋体"> </font></p><p align="center" style="margin: 0cm; text-align: center; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='font-family: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>准确识图,建构模型</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>——</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">沉淀溶解平衡图像分析</font></span></b></p><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font face="宋体"> </font></p><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"></p><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font face="宋体"> </font></p><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体;'>(准确识别三类图像模型)</span></p><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体;'><font face="宋体">1</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">.</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='font-family: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>两坐标为离子浓度的曲线型图像</span></b></p><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font face="宋体"> </font></p></font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"></p></font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"><strong> </strong></font> <font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><div align="center"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><table style="border: currentColor; border-image: none; border-collapse: collapse; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-border-alt: solid text .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid text; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid text;" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes;"><td width="476" style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt; border-image: none; width: 357.15pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid text .5pt;"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font color="#000000"><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font face="宋体">①</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'>K</span></i></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sub><span lang="PT-BR" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font size="2">sp</font></span></sub></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font size="3">(CaSO</font><sub><font size="2">4</font></sub><font size="3">)</font></span></b><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font face="宋体">=</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'>8</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font face="宋体">×</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="PT-BR" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'>10</span></b></font><font size="2"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sup><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'><font face="宋体">-</font></span></sup></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sup><span lang="PT-BR" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR;'>6</span></sup></b></font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font></td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;"><td width="476" style="border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; border-style: none solid solid; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; border-image: none; width: 357.15pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid text .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid text .5pt;"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font color="#000000"><font size="3"><font face="宋体"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>②</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>温度不变时,</span></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>b</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">点的</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>Q</span></i></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'><font size="2">c</font></span></sub></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'><font size="3">><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">K</i></font><sub><font size="2">sp</font></sub></span></b><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">,有沉淀析出,</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>d</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">点的</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>Q</span></i></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'><font size="2">c</font></span></sub></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'><font size="3"><<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">K</i></font><sub><font size="2">sp</font></sub></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体" size="3">,为不饱和溶液</font></span></b></font></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font></td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;"><td width="476" style="border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; border-style: none solid solid; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; border-image: none; width: 357.15pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid text .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid text .5pt;"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="宋体"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>③</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>温度不变,增加</span></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>c</span></i></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>(SO</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>), </span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">沿曲线</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>a</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">→</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>c</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">变化</font></span></b></font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font></td></tr></tbody></table><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font></div><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font> <font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体;'>2</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">.</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='font-family: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>坐标为对数或负对数的直线型图像</span></b></font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font color="#000000"><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">已知:</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>pCu</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">=-</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>lg <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">c</i>(Cu</span></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sup><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体" size="2">+</font></span></sup></b><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>)</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">,</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>pX</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">=-</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>lg <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">c</i>(X</span></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sup><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体" size="2">-</font></span></sup></b><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>)</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">,式中</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>X</span></b></font><font face="宋体"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sup><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font size="2">-</font></span></sup></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font size="3">表示卤素阴离子。</font></span></b></font><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>298 K</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">时,</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>K</span></i></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'><font size="2">sp</font></span></sub></b><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>(CuCl)</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">≈</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>1.0</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">×</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>10</span></b></font><font size="2"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sup><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">-</font></span></sup></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sup><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>7</span></sup></b></font><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">,</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>K</span></i></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'><font size="2">sp</font></span></sub></b><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>(CuBr)</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">≈</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>1.0</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">×</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>10</span></b></font><font size="2"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sup><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">-</font></span></sup></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sup><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>9</span></sup></b></font><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">,</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>K</span></i></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'><font size="2">sp</font></span></sub></b><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>(CuI)</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">≈</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>1.0</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">×</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>10</span></b></font><font size="2"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sup><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">-</font></span></sup></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sup><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>12</span></sup></b></font><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">。</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>298 K</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">时,</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>CuCl</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">、</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>CuBr</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">、</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>CuI</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">的饱和溶液中</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>pCu</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">和</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>pX</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">的关系如图所示分析。</font></span></b></font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font> <font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><div align="center"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><table width="474" style="border: currentColor; border-image: none; border-collapse: collapse; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-border-alt: solid text .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid text; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid text;" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes;"><td width="270" style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt; border-image: none; width: 202.3pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid text .5pt;"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">①</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>X</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">、</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>Y</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">、</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>Z</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">依次代表</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>CuCl</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">、</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>CuBr</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">、</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>CuI</span></b></font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font></td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;"><td width="270" style="border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; border-style: none solid solid; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; border-image: none; width: 202.3pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid text .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid text .5pt;"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="宋体"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>②</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>图中的</span></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>a</span></i></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">=</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>6</span></b></font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font></td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;"><td width="270" style="border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; border-style: none solid solid; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; border-image: none; width: 202.3pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid text .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid text .5pt;"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="宋体"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>③</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>图中的</span></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>A</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">点对于</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>CuBr</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">要生成沉淀,对于</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>CuCl</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">是不饱和溶液</font></span></b></font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font></td></tr></tbody></table><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font></div><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font> <font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体;'>3</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">.</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='font-family: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>沉淀滴定图像</span></b></font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font> <font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><div align="center"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><table width="431" style="border: currentColor; border-image: none; border-collapse: collapse; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-border-alt: solid text .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid text; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid text;" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes;"><td width="196" style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt; border-image: none; width: 146.7pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid text .5pt;"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">①</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>b</span></i></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">点为恰好沉淀即终点</font></span></b></font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font></td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;"><td width="196" style="border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; border-style: none solid solid; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; border-image: none; width: 146.7pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid text .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid text .5pt;"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="宋体"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>②</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>利用</span></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US">b</span></i></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">点对应的</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>pM</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">可以求有关离子浓度</font></span></b></font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font></td></tr></tbody></table><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font></div><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font> <font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体"> (二)内化三步解题方法</font></span></b></font></font></p><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='font-family: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>第一步:明确图像中纵、横坐标的含义</span></b></font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3">纵、横坐标通常是难溶物溶解后电离出的离子浓度。</font></span></b></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='font-family: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font color="#000000" size="3">第二步:理解图像中线上点、线外点的含义</font></span></b></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font> <font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><div align="center"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><table style="border-collapse: collapse; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr style="height: 117.05pt; mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;"><td width="640" valign="top" style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt; border: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-image: none; width: 480.15pt; height: 117.05pt; background-color: transparent;"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='font-family: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"><font color="#000000"><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"><font color="#000000"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='font-family: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font size="3"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="宋体"><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"><font color="#000000"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体" size="3"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='font-family: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='font-family: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"><font color="#000000"><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'><font color="#000000" size="3"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体;'><font color="#000000" size="3"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='font-family: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='font-family: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"><font color="#000000"><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>(1)</span></b><font face="宋体"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>以氯化银为例,在该沉淀溶解平衡图像中,曲线上任意一点都达到</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>了沉淀溶解平衡状态,此时</span></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>Q</span></i></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'><font size="2">c</font></span></sub></b><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">=</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>K</span></i></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'><font size="2">sp</font></span></sub></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体" size="3">。在温度不变时,无论改变哪种离子的浓度,另一种离子的浓度只能在曲线上变化,不会出现在曲线以外。</font></span></b></font></font><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font></font></span></b></font></span></b></font></font></font></font></font></span></b></font></font></font></font></span></b></font></font></font></font></span></b></font></font></span></b></font></font></font></span></b></font></font></font></font></font></span></b></font></font></font></font></span></b></font></font></font></font></span></b></font></font></span></b></font></font></font></font></font></span></b></font></font></font></font></span></b></font></font></font></font></font></span></b></font></font></font></span></b></font></font></font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font color="#000000"><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>(2)</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">曲线上方区域的点均为过饱和溶液,此时</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>Q</span></i></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'><font size="2">c</font></span></sub></b><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">></font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>K</span></i></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'><font size="2">sp</font></span></sub></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体" size="3">有沉淀析出。</font></span></b></font></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font color="#000000"><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>(3)</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">曲线下方区域的点均为不饱和溶液,此时</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>Q</span></i></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'><font size="2">c</font></span></sub></b><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体"><</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>K</span></i></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'><font size="2">sp</font></span></sub></b><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'> </span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">。</font></span></b></font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font color="#000000"><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='font-family: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>第三步:抓住</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体;'>K</span></i></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体;'><font size="2">sp</font></span></sub></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='font-family: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font size="3">的特点,结合选项分析判断</font></span></b></font></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>(1)</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">沉淀溶解平衡曲线类似于溶解度曲线,曲线上任一点都表示饱和溶液。</font></span></b></font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font color="#000000"><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>(2)</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">从图像中找到数据,根据</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>K</span></i></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'><font size="2">sp</font></span></sub></b><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">公式计算得出</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>K</span></i></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'><font size="2">sp</font></span></sub></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体" size="3">的值。</font></span></b></font></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font color="#000000"><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>(3)</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">比较溶液的</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>Q</span></i></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'><font size="2">c</font></span></sub></b><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">与</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>K</span></i></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'><font size="2">sp</font></span></sub></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体" size="3">的大小,判断溶液中有无沉淀析出。</font></span></b></font></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font><p style="margin: 0cm; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.1pt; -ms-layout-grid-mode: char; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; tab-stops: 234.0pt;"><font color="#000000"><font size="3"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>(4)</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体">涉及</font></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'>Q</span></i></b></font><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style='font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;'><font size="2">c</font></span></sub></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style='mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'><font face="宋体" size="3">的计算时,所代入的离子浓度一定是混合溶液中的离子浓度,因此计算离子浓度时,所代入的溶液体积也必须是混合溶液的体积。</font></span></b></font></p><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font></td></tr></tbody></table><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font></div><font color="#000000" face="宋体" size="3"> </font> <div style="text-align: right;">撰稿:李俊莲</div><div style="text-align: right;">拍摄:李俊莲</div>