工作就用美篇工作版","guide_search_desc":"海量模板范文,一键做同款 工作就用美篇工作版","img_beautify_switch":0,"ad_free":0,"text_direction":1,"template":{"id":101,"series_id":10,"theme_id":10},"container":{},"redirect":{"redirect_type":1,"img_url":false,"link_url":"/wap/downloadpage/backpage","button_bg_color":false,"button_desc":false,"redirect_desc":false},"edit_date_str":"更新于 2021-08-06","current_time":1743698966,"font_name":"","rcmd_meipian":0,"hide_article_link":0,"from_wechat":false,"topk_keywords":[{"name":"学生","score":0.159353},{"name":"垂线","score":0.123076},{"name":"梯形","score":0.114982},{"name":"垂直","score":0.107174},{"name":"作图","score":0.106446},{"name":"概念","score":0.101223},{"name":"单元","score":0.099436},{"name":"平行四边形","score":0.094693},{"name":"平行","score":0.087991},{"name":"直线","score":0.085786}],"music_name":"","origin_status":0,"password_v2":"","font_id":0,"title_style":"","rich_text_title":"","enable_download":1,"cover_thumb":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/762be04dd7db50210519ad16e23fdaed_crop__jpg.heic","has_video":false,"gift_switch":1,"enable_watermark":1,"content":{"article_id":292998058,"content":[{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"
测试阅卷,分析里总会出现的问题,这就是学生最困难的问题,突破难点,找到一个更好的对策,就从教材开始,让课堂教学有质量。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":336,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/da6e6b80cbd5e9b6f29b0de9fd18ced3__jpg.heic","img_width":626,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC9kYTZlNmI4MGNiZDVlOWI2ZjI5YjBkZTlmZDE4Y2VkM19fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":294,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/81843936d44fba048eda5ba8c7cd91ce__jpg.heic","img_width":472,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC84MTg0MzkzNmQ0NGZiYTA0OGVkYTViYThjN2NkOTFjZV9fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"学以致用,把读书思考带进教材,用杠杆原理,给我一个支点我能撬动地球。我以人教版数学四年级上册的平行四边形和梯形为例进行单元整体分析。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":348,"img_size":56,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/d7ac9229f6d07509ef3d416a2d0014dc__jpg.heic","img_width":598,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC9kN2FjOTIyOWY2ZDA3NTA5ZWYzZDQxNmEyZDAwMTRkY19fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":814,"img_size":76,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/7fc51beeac6461b8bc1ff9cd7805d6f1__jpg.heic","img_width":1076,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC83ZmM1MWJlZWFjNjQ2MWI4YmMxZmY5Y2Q3ODA1ZDZmMV9fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"在分析单元教材时,我们要理清3个问题,1.本单元有哪些主要内容?2.学生学习这些内容之前已经学了哪些相关的知识之后又要为哪些知识的学习来奠定基础?3.明白学生在学习中有哪些主要困难,可以采用怎样的教学策略。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":184,"img_size":52,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/97c0d2c50b8988f2658c0e271d26a2b4__jpg.heic","img_width":638,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC85N2MwZDJjNTBiODk4OGYyNjU4YzBlMjcxZDI2YTJiNF9fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"本单元包括两个部分,第一部分是学习同一平面内两条直线的特殊位置关系及平行与垂直,第二部分学习平行四边形和梯形的认识。先浏览整个单元教材课本,第56页让学生经历画两条直线,分类,延长,验证三个活动,由此引出平行线的概念。并介绍了平行符号及规范的读法。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":370,"img_size":49,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/b18de3315ca997c09fbec2e7e1e377a2__jpg.heic","img_width":708,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC9iMThkZTMzMTVjYTk5N2MwOWZiZWMyZTdlMWUzNzdhMl9fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":324,"img_size":53,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/e9b60fc5030f190f916572227a96b84f__jpg.heic","img_width":664,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC9lOWI2MGZjNTAzMGYxOTBmOTE2NTcyMjI3YTk2Yjg0Zl9fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"第57页通过学生量一量,其相交的角度体验垂直是两条直线相交的一种特殊位置关系,由此引出垂直的概念,垂线概念,垂足概念,同时介绍了垂直的符号读法。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":346,"img_size":87,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/f307bd85191c6384317e9c6b53b67a18__jpg.heic","img_width":708,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC9mMzA3YmQ4NTE5MWM2Mzg0MzE3ZTljNmI1M2I2N2ExOF9fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"这些内容是本单元的第一课时,那这一课时的课题叫什么?我们最常见的是平行与垂直,但这里我的思考是可以做下调整,改为平行与相交,因为根据两条直线的位置关系分类,第一次得到的应该是平行相交,其分类的标准是否有交点的关系是并列的,理解了相交,反过来能够促进理解平行,第二次再把相交的情况进行分类,得到垂直,其概念是这个关系。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":290,"img_size":56,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/5ab7ead4b6bca3e7991e35147ae246c3__jpg.heic","img_width":610,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC81YWI3ZWFkNGI2YmNhM2U3OTkxZTM1MTQ3YWUyNDZjM19fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"第58页,安排两次画的活动,一是过直线上一点画垂线,二是过直线外一点也画垂线,教材用连续的图表明画的步骤,并通过做一做训练画图能力。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":324,"img_size":53,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/7b053e79a180833c71c9a1a191807344__jpg.heic","img_width":468,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC83YjA1M2U3OWExODA4MzNjNzFjOWExYTE5MTgwNzM0NF9fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"59页,通过让学生画一画、量一量的过程,发现点到直线间垂直线段最短,随后,揭示点到直线的距离这一概念,接着让学生在平行线间画垂线,并通过测量发现平行线间距离处处相等这一特点。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":340,"img_size":93,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/e58e9f09c31e225c6fe84ab8d3a59922__jpg.heic","img_width":672,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC9lNThlOWYwOWMzMWUyMjVjNmZlODRhYjhkM2E1OTkyMl9fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"60页画长方形到此为止,第二部分主要内容为画线,第三学习距离,第四画长方形,我的思考,可以分为两课时教学,可以把第二,第四组合在一起,因为画长方形其实就是过直线上一点画垂线知识。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":324,"img_size":98,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/f03ab7548d5da6cca81c7af8ac0ccbba__jpg.heic","img_width":628,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC9mMDNhYjc1NDhkNWRhNmNjYTgxYzdhZjhhYzBjY2JiYV9fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"习题这里整整有9个题,我们可以进行简单的分类,第一类是巩固概念,例如说一说、摆一摆、折一折。第二类是作图技能类的,比如画一画。第三类是性质的应用,比如测量跳远成绩怎么样,挂画如何又正又快。第四类是综合用前三类习题,我们可以根据类别灵活的选用和组合,确保绝大多数学生能够正确的做对,而综合应用类题目更适合让学有余力的学生展开研究,可以分层开展。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":366,"img_size":52,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/3b706873d19186a7ef5864eb25a2f468__jpg.heic","img_width":616,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC8zYjcwNjg3M2QxOTE4NmE3ZWY1ODY0ZWIyNWEyZjQ2OF9fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"这部分教学内容为认识平行四边形,主要内容分为三块,是平行四边形的特征,对边互相平行,对边相等。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":296,"img_size":60,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/ab26f297860fec30dea67bddb0f0f806__jpg.heic","img_width":648,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC9hYjI2ZjI5Nzg2MGZlYzMwZGVhNjdiZGRiMGYwZjgwNl9fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"学习平行四边形的定义,知道什么是高,什么是底,并能够正确的做高。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":318,"img_size":76,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/6429ad449b05cf5db3cd4f6618d55bbc__jpg.heic","img_width":686,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC82NDI5YWQ0NDliMDVjZjVkYjNjZDRmNjYxOGQ1NWJiY19fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":318,"img_size":87,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/49b18662b6e0926dae9df50e5beac09a__jpg.heic","img_width":584,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC80OWIxODY2MmI2ZTA5MjZkYWU5ZGY1MGU1YmVhYzA5YV9fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"认识梯形,首先呈现梯形,接着认识梯形各部分的名称,并给出两个特殊的梯形――等腰梯形和直角梯形。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":318,"img_size":90,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/5779cbb70dbb9a9e8a50db11b533321e__jpg.heic","img_width":630,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC81Nzc5Y2JiNzBkYmI5YTllOGE1MGRiMTFiNTMzMzIxZV9fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"看图示所有四边形,从平行的角度来认识长方形、正方形、平行四边形以及梯形之间的关系。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":286,"img_size":87,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/5fc1222116e62c69fa4ac636e014dcef__jpg.heic","img_width":568,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC81ZmMxMjIyMTE2ZTYyYzY5ZmE0YWM2MzZlMDE0ZGNlZl9fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"最后一课是神奇的莫比乌斯带,可以作为拓展课程的学习,具有很强的操作要求,同时非常具有趣味性。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":268,"img_size":62,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/dd5fe830a877f2eb93edf3998736b857__jpg.heic","img_width":714,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC9kZDVmZTgzMGE4NzdmMmViOTNlZGYzOTk4NzM2Yjg1N19fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"到此把这单元的内容都进行了整体的了解,回顾单元有哪些主要内容重点又是什么呢?这里我把所有的内容进行了归类,第一类平行、垂直、垂足、点到直线的距离、平行四边形高、梯形、等腰梯形、直角梯形等等。第二类称为技能画垂线画长方形画高等等,第三类是性质平行四边形的不稳定,平行线间距离处处相等等,这三类知识中我认为重点是概念,因为技能是把概念作为操作的对象,性质是概念在应用的过程中发现。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":224,"img_size":74,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/b40b723c8c48160b2aeff5197f4d4a67__jpg.heic","img_width":638,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC9iNDBiNzIzYzhjNDgxNjBiMmFlZmY1MTk3ZjRkNGE2N19fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"刚才我们已经分析了本单元的主要内容,下面一起进入第二环节的其本单元知识的前后联系分析,前面是为了准确的把握学生已有的知识起点,掌握后面是为了更清楚教学的培养目标,首先让我们看看本单元知识间的前后联系,平行概念的学习为后续学习平行四边形平行的认识打下基础,垂直概念的掌握情况直接影响到点到直线的距离、高等概念的学习,同时它还决定着画垂线、画长方形、画高这些技能的掌握情况,由此可见这两个概念在整个单元中地位。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":372,"img_size":90,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/07f112fb3c7e397c34ca9eceaaa2796c__jpg.heic","img_width":638,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC8wN2YxMTJmYjNjN2UzOTdjMzRjYTllY2VhYWEyNzk2Y19fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"为了更好地把握认知起点,我们还可以看得更远,更全面一些,比如像这样把小学这段有关图形学习的教材体系一一所列,我们能得到许多的知识,其实教材是从认识立体图形到平面图形再回归到图形,也就是说学习本单元之前,学生已经有相关的经验与基础,从认识的途径来看,学生从直观辨认就逐步过渡到探索特征,其中三年级长方形和正方形探索的特征的角度是边与角,到四年级的时候则发展到对边的探索。
由静态的观察下,动态的操作发生改变,本单元中设计的许许多多操作活动,这些活动都有其独特的价值,应该仔细的研读,灵活的选用。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":396,"img_size":83,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/c894b6a4ad4f3698ef144c76ac41ab45__jpg.heic","img_width":604,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC9jODk0YjZhNGFkNGYzNjk4ZWYxNDRjNzZhYzQxYWI0NV9fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"通过刚才两个维度的解读,我们对本节课教学内容理解更加深刻,下面结合思考,学生学习时可能遇到的困难,并给出相应的解决难题。1.思维定势问题,认识图形平时学生对水平方向和竖直方向的没有难度,可是当两条直线斜方向,特别是一长一短学生们坚决的认为不平行,还有认识梯形处于斜方向的时候,许多学生无法正确识别。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"问题产生的根源就是思维定势,那么为什么会产生这种思维定势呢?我认为还是由于学生的生活经验造成,因为他们在生活中遇见的平行,垂直,四边形等等都是比较统一的标准图示,运用这种图示来判断数学中的图形时,往往就显定势是很重,那么为了改变这一现状,我认为可以做到以下两点。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"概念学习时,我们既要提供图示,也要提供依据,还要提供争议很大的图形,让学生充分的去交流,练习,去操作话活动,最后形成概念丰富的同时,要培养学生辨析能力。科学判断是否垂直时,当老师给予出争议很大的图形时,逼着学生用三角板或量角器去测量,通过这样一次一次的验证的过程,逐步让孩子养成不相信眼睛的判断,相信工具的科学。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":308,"img_size":67,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/0b0b2d0b70818c64d8dc856eb0830638__jpg.heic","img_width":472,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC8wYjBiMmQwYjcwODE4YzY0ZDhkYzg1NmViMDgzMDYzOF9fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"难点二作图错误累累,一方面学生作图不规范,不会用工具中的高,不用铅笔标画垂直符号,不用虚线画高等等,另一方面作图不准确,画垂线时喜欢用眼睛观察,觉得差不多就行了,画高时不垂直。不对应的错误百出上述问题产生的根源是学生对概念不理解,对于作图技能不熟练,造成我们在教学中可以这样进行,首先高要求,严把关。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"加强规范作图,指导画高要用虚线,垂直要用直角符号等等,促使学生形成良好的作图技能,对不符合规范的作品一定要重画,并要求学生用文字写清楚,重点要概念清楚。还有垂线不会画,很大原因是学生对于垂直概念,一切处于直观辨认阶段,因为用眼睛来判断垂直操作时也会用眼睛来做依据,所以在教学垂直时,我们一定要设计相应的辨析活动,让学生感知垂直不简单,一定要用直角比才能正式的通过。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"画高时或许有老师都说不清,那学生做高到最后肯定变成了机械的记忆时的操作,各种错误的出现也就不足为奇。过程描述很重要,教材中有涉及许多的作品,例如画垂线、画高、画长方形等等,但教材却很少呈现文字的作图步骤方法,所以教学时要加强作图的训练和指导,一边作图一边用规范的语言进行描述,用简单易懂的表达过程,比如画垂线的时候,画垂线,长直角,一直角边对线,一直角边过底。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":294,"img_size":67,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/81843936d44fba048eda5ba8c7cd91ce__jpg.heic","img_width":472,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC84MTg0MzkzNmQ0NGZiYTA0OGVkYTViYThjN2NkOTFjZV9fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"难点三:抽象水平弱。教材在编排,有意识地将数学学习与生活实际相结合,设计不少学以致用的习题,比如测量跳远成绩、画怎样修路最近等等,这些都有助于学生感受数学应用的价值,进一步理解概念的内涵,可有一部分学生,面对这样的实际问题,总是说不清楚背后的原因,当优秀的孩子解释以后,才恍然大悟,其症结就是数学水平不高,特别是抽象的。生活示例图示化,当我们呈现实际的生活问题时,别急着让学生进行解释,先让他们尝试着用图示来表达生活事例,在组织同伴进行简化,优化作品,从而发展图提炼关键信息转化数学图式的能力,慢慢的积淀抽象水平。
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","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":336,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/da6e6b80cbd5e9b6f29b0de9fd18ced3__jpg.heic","img_width":626,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC9kYTZlNmI4MGNiZDVlOWI2ZjI5YjBkZTlmZDE4Y2VkM19fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":294,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/81843936d44fba048eda5ba8c7cd91ce__jpg.heic","img_width":472,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC84MTg0MzkzNmQ0NGZiYTA0OGVkYTViYThjN2NkOTFjZV9fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"学以致用,把读书思考带进教材,用杠杆原理,给我一个支点我能撬动地球。我以人教版数学四年级上册的平行四边形和梯形为例进行单元整体分析。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":348,"img_size":56,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/d7ac9229f6d07509ef3d416a2d0014dc__jpg.heic","img_width":598,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC9kN2FjOTIyOWY2ZDA3NTA5ZWYzZDQxNmEyZDAwMTRkY19fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":814,"img_size":76,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/7fc51beeac6461b8bc1ff9cd7805d6f1__jpg.heic","img_width":1076,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC83ZmM1MWJlZWFjNjQ2MWI4YmMxZmY5Y2Q3ODA1ZDZmMV9fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"在分析单元教材时,我们要理清3个问题,1.本单元有哪些主要内容?2.学生学习这些内容之前已经学了哪些相关的知识之后又要为哪些知识的学习来奠定基础?3.明白学生在学习中有哪些主要困难,可以采用怎样的教学策略。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":184,"img_size":52,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/97c0d2c50b8988f2658c0e271d26a2b4__jpg.heic","img_width":638,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC85N2MwZDJjNTBiODk4OGYyNjU4YzBlMjcxZDI2YTJiNF9fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"本单元包括两个部分,第一部分是学习同一平面内两条直线的特殊位置关系及平行与垂直,第二部分学习平行四边形和梯形的认识。先浏览整个单元教材课本,第56页让学生经历画两条直线,分类,延长,验证三个活动,由此引出平行线的概念。并介绍了平行符号及规范的读法。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":370,"img_size":49,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/b18de3315ca997c09fbec2e7e1e377a2__jpg.heic","img_width":708,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC9iMThkZTMzMTVjYTk5N2MwOWZiZWMyZTdlMWUzNzdhMl9fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":324,"img_size":53,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/e9b60fc5030f190f916572227a96b84f__jpg.heic","img_width":664,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC9lOWI2MGZjNTAzMGYxOTBmOTE2NTcyMjI3YTk2Yjg0Zl9fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"第57页通过学生量一量,其相交的角度体验垂直是两条直线相交的一种特殊位置关系,由此引出垂直的概念,垂线概念,垂足概念,同时介绍了垂直的符号读法。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":346,"img_size":87,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/f307bd85191c6384317e9c6b53b67a18__jpg.heic","img_width":708,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC9mMzA3YmQ4NTE5MWM2Mzg0MzE3ZTljNmI1M2I2N2ExOF9fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"这些内容是本单元的第一课时,那这一课时的课题叫什么?我们最常见的是平行与垂直,但这里我的思考是可以做下调整,改为平行与相交,因为根据两条直线的位置关系分类,第一次得到的应该是平行相交,其分类的标准是否有交点的关系是并列的,理解了相交,反过来能够促进理解平行,第二次再把相交的情况进行分类,得到垂直,其概念是这个关系。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":290,"img_size":56,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/5ab7ead4b6bca3e7991e35147ae246c3__jpg.heic","img_width":610,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC81YWI3ZWFkNGI2YmNhM2U3OTkxZTM1MTQ3YWUyNDZjM19fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"第58页,安排两次画的活动,一是过直线上一点画垂线,二是过直线外一点也画垂线,教材用连续的图表明画的步骤,并通过做一做训练画图能力。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":324,"img_size":53,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/7b053e79a180833c71c9a1a191807344__jpg.heic","img_width":468,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC83YjA1M2U3OWExODA4MzNjNzFjOWExYTE5MTgwNzM0NF9fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"59页,通过让学生画一画、量一量的过程,发现点到直线间垂直线段最短,随后,揭示点到直线的距离这一概念,接着让学生在平行线间画垂线,并通过测量发现平行线间距离处处相等这一特点。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":340,"img_size":93,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/e58e9f09c31e225c6fe84ab8d3a59922__jpg.heic","img_width":672,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC9lNThlOWYwOWMzMWUyMjVjNmZlODRhYjhkM2E1OTkyMl9fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"60页画长方形到此为止,第二部分主要内容为画线,第三学习距离,第四画长方形,我的思考,可以分为两课时教学,可以把第二,第四组合在一起,因为画长方形其实就是过直线上一点画垂线知识。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":324,"img_size":98,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/f03ab7548d5da6cca81c7af8ac0ccbba__jpg.heic","img_width":628,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC9mMDNhYjc1NDhkNWRhNmNjYTgxYzdhZjhhYzBjY2JiYV9fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"习题这里整整有9个题,我们可以进行简单的分类,第一类是巩固概念,例如说一说、摆一摆、折一折。第二类是作图技能类的,比如画一画。第三类是性质的应用,比如测量跳远成绩怎么样,挂画如何又正又快。第四类是综合用前三类习题,我们可以根据类别灵活的选用和组合,确保绝大多数学生能够正确的做对,而综合应用类题目更适合让学有余力的学生展开研究,可以分层开展。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":366,"img_size":52,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/3b706873d19186a7ef5864eb25a2f468__jpg.heic","img_width":616,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC8zYjcwNjg3M2QxOTE4NmE3ZWY1ODY0ZWIyNWEyZjQ2OF9fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"这部分教学内容为认识平行四边形,主要内容分为三块,是平行四边形的特征,对边互相平行,对边相等。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":296,"img_size":60,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/ab26f297860fec30dea67bddb0f0f806__jpg.heic","img_width":648,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC9hYjI2ZjI5Nzg2MGZlYzMwZGVhNjdiZGRiMGYwZjgwNl9fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"学习平行四边形的定义,知道什么是高,什么是底,并能够正确的做高。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":318,"img_size":76,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/6429ad449b05cf5db3cd4f6618d55bbc__jpg.heic","img_width":686,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC82NDI5YWQ0NDliMDVjZjVkYjNjZDRmNjYxOGQ1NWJiY19fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":318,"img_size":87,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/49b18662b6e0926dae9df50e5beac09a__jpg.heic","img_width":584,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC80OWIxODY2MmI2ZTA5MjZkYWU5ZGY1MGU1YmVhYzA5YV9fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"认识梯形,首先呈现梯形,接着认识梯形各部分的名称,并给出两个特殊的梯形――等腰梯形和直角梯形。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":318,"img_size":90,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/5779cbb70dbb9a9e8a50db11b533321e__jpg.heic","img_width":630,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC81Nzc5Y2JiNzBkYmI5YTllOGE1MGRiMTFiNTMzMzIxZV9fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"看图示所有四边形,从平行的角度来认识长方形、正方形、平行四边形以及梯形之间的关系。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":286,"img_size":87,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/5fc1222116e62c69fa4ac636e014dcef__jpg.heic","img_width":568,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC81ZmMxMjIyMTE2ZTYyYzY5ZmE0YWM2MzZlMDE0ZGNlZl9fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"最后一课是神奇的莫比乌斯带,可以作为拓展课程的学习,具有很强的操作要求,同时非常具有趣味性。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":268,"img_size":62,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/dd5fe830a877f2eb93edf3998736b857__jpg.heic","img_width":714,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC9kZDVmZTgzMGE4NzdmMmViOTNlZGYzOTk4NzM2Yjg1N19fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"到此把这单元的内容都进行了整体的了解,回顾单元有哪些主要内容重点又是什么呢?这里我把所有的内容进行了归类,第一类平行、垂直、垂足、点到直线的距离、平行四边形高、梯形、等腰梯形、直角梯形等等。第二类称为技能画垂线画长方形画高等等,第三类是性质平行四边形的不稳定,平行线间距离处处相等等,这三类知识中我认为重点是概念,因为技能是把概念作为操作的对象,性质是概念在应用的过程中发现。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":224,"img_size":74,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/b40b723c8c48160b2aeff5197f4d4a67__jpg.heic","img_width":638,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC9iNDBiNzIzYzhjNDgxNjBiMmFlZmY1MTk3ZjRkNGE2N19fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"刚才我们已经分析了本单元的主要内容,下面一起进入第二环节的其本单元知识的前后联系分析,前面是为了准确的把握学生已有的知识起点,掌握后面是为了更清楚教学的培养目标,首先让我们看看本单元知识间的前后联系,平行概念的学习为后续学习平行四边形平行的认识打下基础,垂直概念的掌握情况直接影响到点到直线的距离、高等概念的学习,同时它还决定着画垂线、画长方形、画高这些技能的掌握情况,由此可见这两个概念在整个单元中地位。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":372,"img_size":90,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/07f112fb3c7e397c34ca9eceaaa2796c__jpg.heic","img_width":638,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC8wN2YxMTJmYjNjN2UzOTdjMzRjYTllY2VhYWEyNzk2Y19fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"为了更好地把握认知起点,我们还可以看得更远,更全面一些,比如像这样把小学这段有关图形学习的教材体系一一所列,我们能得到许多的知识,其实教材是从认识立体图形到平面图形再回归到图形,也就是说学习本单元之前,学生已经有相关的经验与基础,从认识的途径来看,学生从直观辨认就逐步过渡到探索特征,其中三年级长方形和正方形探索的特征的角度是边与角,到四年级的时候则发展到对边的探索。
由静态的观察下,动态的操作发生改变,本单元中设计的许许多多操作活动,这些活动都有其独特的价值,应该仔细的研读,灵活的选用。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":396,"img_size":83,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/c894b6a4ad4f3698ef144c76ac41ab45__jpg.heic","img_width":604,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC9jODk0YjZhNGFkNGYzNjk4ZWYxNDRjNzZhYzQxYWI0NV9fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"通过刚才两个维度的解读,我们对本节课教学内容理解更加深刻,下面结合思考,学生学习时可能遇到的困难,并给出相应的解决难题。1.思维定势问题,认识图形平时学生对水平方向和竖直方向的没有难度,可是当两条直线斜方向,特别是一长一短学生们坚决的认为不平行,还有认识梯形处于斜方向的时候,许多学生无法正确识别。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"问题产生的根源就是思维定势,那么为什么会产生这种思维定势呢?我认为还是由于学生的生活经验造成,因为他们在生活中遇见的平行,垂直,四边形等等都是比较统一的标准图示,运用这种图示来判断数学中的图形时,往往就显定势是很重,那么为了改变这一现状,我认为可以做到以下两点。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"概念学习时,我们既要提供图示,也要提供依据,还要提供争议很大的图形,让学生充分的去交流,练习,去操作话活动,最后形成概念丰富的同时,要培养学生辨析能力。科学判断是否垂直时,当老师给予出争议很大的图形时,逼着学生用三角板或量角器去测量,通过这样一次一次的验证的过程,逐步让孩子养成不相信眼睛的判断,相信工具的科学。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":308,"img_size":67,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/0b0b2d0b70818c64d8dc856eb0830638__jpg.heic","img_width":472,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC8wYjBiMmQwYjcwODE4YzY0ZDhkYzg1NmViMDgzMDYzOF9fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"难点二作图错误累累,一方面学生作图不规范,不会用工具中的高,不用铅笔标画垂直符号,不用虚线画高等等,另一方面作图不准确,画垂线时喜欢用眼睛观察,觉得差不多就行了,画高时不垂直。不对应的错误百出上述问题产生的根源是学生对概念不理解,对于作图技能不熟练,造成我们在教学中可以这样进行,首先高要求,严把关。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"加强规范作图,指导画高要用虚线,垂直要用直角符号等等,促使学生形成良好的作图技能,对不符合规范的作品一定要重画,并要求学生用文字写清楚,重点要概念清楚。还有垂线不会画,很大原因是学生对于垂直概念,一切处于直观辨认阶段,因为用眼睛来判断垂直操作时也会用眼睛来做依据,所以在教学垂直时,我们一定要设计相应的辨析活动,让学生感知垂直不简单,一定要用直角比才能正式的通过。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"画高时或许有老师都说不清,那学生做高到最后肯定变成了机械的记忆时的操作,各种错误的出现也就不足为奇。过程描述很重要,教材中有涉及许多的作品,例如画垂线、画高、画长方形等等,但教材却很少呈现文字的作图步骤方法,所以教学时要加强作图的训练和指导,一边作图一边用规范的语言进行描述,用简单易懂的表达过程,比如画垂线的时候,画垂线,长直角,一直角边对线,一直角边过底。
","type":1},{"audio_music_id":0,"img_height":294,"img_size":67,"img_url":"https://ss-mpvolc.meipian.me/users/4697350/81843936d44fba048eda5ba8c7cd91ce__jpg.heic","img_width":472,"is_origin":false,"source":0,"type":1,"watermark":"?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNDY5NzM1MC84MTg0MzkzNmQ0NGZiYTA0OGVkYTViYThjN2NkOTFjZV9fanBnLmhlaWM=/nickname/5paHL-W8oOiLseadsA==/userid/NDY5NzM1MA==/sign/9c692b4288bd9b42d5242ba52642a18c"},{"audio_music_id":0,"source":0,"text":"难点三:抽象水平弱。教材在编排,有意识地将数学学习与生活实际相结合,设计不少学以致用的习题,比如测量跳远成绩、画怎样修路最近等等,这些都有助于学生感受数学应用的价值,进一步理解概念的内涵,可有一部分学生,面对这样的实际问题,总是说不清楚背后的原因,当优秀的孩子解释以后,才恍然大悟,其症结就是数学水平不高,特别是抽象的。生活示例图示化,当我们呈现实际的生活问题时,别急着让学生进行解释,先让他们尝试着用图示来表达生活事例,在组织同伴进行简化,优化作品,从而发展图提炼关键信息转化数学图式的能力,慢慢的积淀抽象水平。
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