<p class="ql-block">📌 拓展teeth</p> <p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size: 18px;">🎈</span><b style="color: rgb(237, 35, 8);">FT: </b></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;"><b style="color: rgb(237, 35, 8);">Professional fluoride treatments</b></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;">涂氟注意事项:</p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;">1.涂氟前吃饱饭，喝足水，把牙刷干净了</p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;">2.涂氟后，半小时内不喝水，4小时内不咀嚼食物。小宝宝如果饿的快，可以1-2小时后进食一些软质食物</p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;">3.如果已发生龋坏，建议儿童牙科就诊治疗，涂氟不能治疗龋齿</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p> <p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;">before the procedure</p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;">Professional fluoride treatments are standard for most children and recommended for adults, and they're given every three, six or 12 months, depending on oral health. People at higher risk for developing cavities or decay may be given concentrated fluoride treatments more often.</p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;"><br></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;">I will take you to my hospital and give youfluoride treatment this weekend. I took you to my hospital and gave you the fluoride treatment last year. You did it before. And you didn't cry as you are very brave. Do you remember that?</p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;">It just takes a few minutes. It does not hurt when the fluoride treatment is applied.</p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;"><br></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;">during the procedure</p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18px;"> First, you can sit on the dental chair. </span>I will apply the fluoride varnish with the cotton swab/ brush.( The fluoride may be in the form of a solution, gel, foam or varnish.)</p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;">Applying the varnish may be easier if you open your mouth widely.</p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;">I'm painting the fluoride varnish on all surfaces of each tooth with a small brush.</p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;">You can touch it. It is sticky but hardens once it comes in contact with saliva.</p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;">You may feel the hardened varnish with your tongue but will not be able to lick the varnish off.</p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;"><br></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;">after the procedure</p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;">After the treatment, you can't rinse, eat or drink for at least 30 minutes to allow the teeth to absorb the fluoride and help repair microscopic carious areas.</p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;">I will give you soft foods and cold or warm (not hot) foods or liquids for lunch.</p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;">Do not brush or floss teeth for at least 4 to 6 hours. Wait until the next morning to brush or floss.</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p> <p class="ql-block">🎈 Supplement & Game</p><p class="ql-block"><b style="color: rgb(237, 35, 8);">1. all about teeth</b></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="color: rgb(237, 35, 8);">(1)all about teeth structure(super light clay)</b></p><p class="ql-block">The teeth are the hardest substances in the human body. Besides being essential for chewing, the teeth play an important role in speech. Parts of the teeth include:</p><p class="ql-block">Enamel: The hardest, white outer part of the tooth. Enamel is mostly made of calcium phosphate, a rock-hard mineral.</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">Dentin: A layer underlying the enamel. It is a hard tissue that contains microscopic tubes. When the enamel is damaged, heat or cold can enter the tooth through these paths and cause sensitivity or pain.</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">Pulp: The softer, living inner structure of teeth. Blood vessels and nerves run through the pulp of the teeth.</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">Cementum: A layer of connective tissue that binds the roots of the teeth firmly to the gums and jawbone.</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">Periodontal ligament: Tissue that helps hold the teeth tightly against the jaw.</p> <p class="ql-block"><b style="color: rgb(237, 35, 8);">(2)deciduous teeth</b></p><p class="ql-block">wash our hands and come to the mirror，today I will show you something about teeth.you can touch your teeth.</p><p class="ql-block">The teeth with broad surfaces at the back of the mouth.that is Molars. [ˈmoʊlər]</p><p class="ql-block">Can you find some teeth with a pointy end</p><p class="ql-block">Yes,the teeth with pointy end is canine /ˈkeɪnaɪn/,we have four canines,two canines on upper teeth,two canines on the lower teeth.</p><p class="ql-block">at the front of the mouth is incisors.can you count how many incisors do you have.</p> <p class="ql-block"><b style="color: rgb(237, 35, 8);">(3)permanent teeth</b></p><p class="ql-block">A normal adult mouth has 32 teeth, which (except for wisdom teeth) have erupted by about age 13:</p><p class="ql-block">Incisors (8 total): The middlemost four teeth on the upper and lower jaws.</p><p class="ql-block">Canines (4 total): The pointed teeth just outside the incisors.</p><p class="ql-block">Premolars (8 total): Teeth between the canines and molars.</p><p class="ql-block">Molars (8 total): Flat teeth in the rear of the mouth, best at grinding food.</p><p class="ql-block">Wisdom teeth or third molars (4 total): These teeth erupt at around age 18, but are often surgically removed to prevent displacement of other teeth.</p> <p class="ql-block">First, Let's take all the teeth out.</p><p class="ql-block">Can you insert the teeth back?</p><p class="ql-block">Oh, you want to put the premolar back first?</p><p class="ql-block">OK. The premolar is in the middle of the arch.</p><p class="ql-block">The incisors and canine are in front of the arch.</p><p class="ql-block">The canine is beside the premolar.</p><p class="ql-block">The molars and premolar are at the end of the arch.</p><p class="ql-block">You did it!</p> <p class="ql-block"><b style="color: rgb(237, 35, 8);">(4)different roles of teeth</b></p><p class="ql-block">Let me show you how your teeth chew food.</p><p class="ql-block">Wait for me,I need some tools.there is knife，chopping board，garlic press，garlic or carrot.</p><p class="ql-block">First, When we put food into our mouths, We cut the food into small pieces with our front teeth incisors /ɪnˈsaɪzə(r)/.just like knife. </p><p class="ql-block">Then move the food between your upper and lower Molars.when we chrewing,the Molars can crush and grind food to make sure it small enough to swallow.just like the garlic press,look,when we try to crush and grind food,it turned smaller that we can swallow.</p><p class="ql-block">Do you want try this garlic press.</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">Next,I will give you a cookie,can you chewing only by your incisors and try to swallow it.</p><p class="ql-block">Yes.It is very difficult.chewing completely that able to swallow it. So molars, canines and incisors both are all very important to us.</p><p class="ql-block">All finished，let is clean our tools. This garlic press is very dirty,there are many food hide in them.the surface is not smooth,just like our Molars.do you have any idea to clean it.</p><p class="ql-block">Yes,we can use toothbrush.shall we go.</p> <p class="ql-block"><b style="color: rgb(237, 35, 8);">2. protect your teeth</b></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="color: rgb(237, 35, 8);">(1)bad /good food for your teeth</b></p><p class="ql-block">Sort the good food for your teeth from the bad food for your teeth.</p> <p class="ql-block"><b style="color: rgb(237, 35, 8);">(2)how to brush teeth</b></p> What do we need for teeth brushing <p class="ql-block">I will squeeze a pea-sized blob of toothpaste onto the toothbrush.</p><p class="ql-block">You should brush your teeth very gently.</p><p class="ql-block">Don't saw back and forth.</p><p class="ql-block">Wiggle in circles.</p><p class="ql-block">Brush all the surfaces of your teeth: the inner surface, the outer surface, the chewing surface.</p><p class="ql-block">Spit the water out.</p><p class="ql-block">Keep brushing for at least 2 minutes.</p><p class="ql-block">If you don't brush your teeth, you may get caries and then you should go to see the dentist.</p><p class="ql-block">You should pay attention to where your teeth meet the gum. Because it is where the plaque builds up.</p><p class="ql-block"> Brush your teeth morning and night.Re<span style="color: rgb(1, 1, 1);">member to brush at least twice a day. </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color: rgb(1, 1, 1);">Rinse out your mouth.</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color: rgb(1, 1, 1);">Rinse your toothbrush.</span></p><p class="ql-block">I will give you the dental floss.</p><p class="ql-block">Use the floss to clean your interdental surface. Saw back and forth like this.</p> <p class="ql-block"><b style="color: rgb(237, 35, 8);">(3)Use the dental floss</b></p><p class="ql-block">Tie the floss to your tall men./ Wrap the ends of the floss around the tall men.</p><p class="ql-block">Use your forefinger and thumb to hold it.</p><p class="ql-block">Put it in the mesial/distal surface of the premolar./ Slide the dental floss between your teeth.</p><p class="ql-block">Curve the floss into a c-shape around your teeth.</p><p class="ql-block">Make 8-10 strokes with the floss on each side of the tooth.</p> <p class="ql-block"><b style="color: rgb(237, 35, 8);">3. a little dentist</b></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="color: rgb(237, 35, 8);">tools for a dentist</b></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color: rgb(25, 25, 25);">oral mirror, explorer, high speed handpiece, tweezers, toothbrush</span></p> <p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;"><b style="color: rgb(237, 35, 8);">(1) dental examination</b></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;">P: I want to have a dental examination.</p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;">D: OK. how often do you brush your teeth?</p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;">P: Once a day.</p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;">D: Do you like to eat chocolates or candies?</p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;">P: Yes,I do!I like them very much!</p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;">D: Please remember,don’t eat too many sweet things..They are not good for your teeth. And you should brush your teeth twice a day or three times a day..If you take my advice,you will be better than now.</p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;">P: Thank you ,doctor.I’ll take your advice.</p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;">D: Open your mouth widely. I will use the oral mirror and explorer to check your teeth.</p><p class="ql-block">You got something stuck in your teeth.</p><p class="ql-block">I will use the floss to clean your interdental space.</p><p class="ql-block">I will use the toothbrush to clean the inner surface of your tooth.</p><p class="ql-block">Remember to brush your teeth throughly every day.</p> <p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;"><b style="color: rgb(237, 35, 8);">(2) caries filling</b></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;"><br></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;">I will be the dentist, and you will be the patient.</p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;">D: What seems to be the problem？</p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;">P: I have terrible toothache.</p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;">D: Let me check with the mirror。</p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;">You have a decayed tooth.</p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;">Don't worry. I will fix it.</p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;">You will receive a local anesthetic first, so you won't feel the pain.</p><p class="ql-block">I'm removing the decay with the high-speed handpiece.</p><p class="ql-block">I'm gonna use the explorer to fill the hole with some fillings.</p><p class="ql-block">I fixed it up.</p> <p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;"><b style="color: rgb(237, 35, 8);">(3) extract the tooth</b></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;">P: Good morning, doctor. I've been suffering very much from a toothache lately.</p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;">D: Well, let me have a look. Will you sit down in this chair and open your mouth wide?</p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;">P: I think one of the back ones at the top is giving me the most trouble.</p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;">D: Yes. This big one is badly decayed. I'm afraid it must be taken out.</p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;">/This tooth is too bad to be filled any more. It has to be pulled. Do you agree to have it extracted?</p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;">P: Oh, I hate having teeth pulled out. Will it hurt?</p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;">D: No need to worry. You won't feel anything at all. I'll give you an injection to stop the pain.</p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align: justify;">I will use the tweezers to extract the tooth.</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p> <p class="ql-block"><b style="color: rgb(237, 35, 8);">(4)teeth and implants</b></p><p class="ql-block">The crown of each tooth projects into the mouth. The root of each tooth descends below the gum line, into the jaw.</p><p class="ql-block">When the tooth is missing an implant can be a great choice for replacing.</p><p class="ql-block">In most cases it is the best solution.</p><p class="ql-block">An implant is a small titanium post that replaces the roots of a missing crown.</p> <p class="ql-block">M: Dentist, can you help me? I have lost one tooth. Can you help me to implant a new tooth?</p><p class="ql-block">S: Yes.</p><p class="ql-block">M: Here is my bone. You can do a surgery and put the implant in my bone.</p><p class="ql-block">Then put the abutment in the implant. </p><p class="ql-block">Put screw in it. Use the screwdriver to screw the abutment into the implant.</p><p class="ql-block">Then you can put the crown on it.</p><p class="ql-block">S: You can go back home.</p><p class="ql-block">M: OK. Thank you, my little dentist.</p> <p class="ql-block">(5) review fluoride treatment</p>