无心剑英译王维《鹿柴》

无心剑

<p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><b style="font-size:20px;">鹿柴</b></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><br></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><b style="font-size:20px;">Deer Enclosure </b></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><br></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:20px;">王维 </span></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><br></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:20px;">By Wang Wei</span></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><br></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:20px;">空山不见人,</span></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:20px;">但闻人语响。</span></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:20px;">返景入深林,</span></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:20px;">复照青苔上。 </span></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><br></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:20px;">The mountain sees none come and go,</span></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:20px;">Yet voices are heard from somewhere.</span></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:20px;">Thru deep woods peeps the afterglow</span></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:20px;">To shine upon the green mosses there.</span></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><br></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:20px;">译于2013年2月10日。</span></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><br></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:20px;">In the mountain no man's found,</span></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:20px;">Yet there's echoing human sound.</span></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:20px;">The sun peeps through dark woods</span></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:20px;">To shine again on the mossy ground.</span></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><br></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:20px;">译于2021年5月29日。</span></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">吴春晓老师解释了为何要用sound而不用voice,涉及词义辨析与语用学,她说:“voice这个词在这个上下文里,没有跟任何东西对比,突然就用它不如就简单用sound清楚,这是语用学,因为它常用搭配会先入为主的在西方读者心里产生你要强调某种特定音色的印象,属于附加意思不完全对应的。voice这个词,一般翻译成声音,但是声和音是两个词,声是sound,音是voice这样看。我们汉语什么时候用声音呢?我喜欢你的声音,我听到了心碎的声音,他的声音让人反感,等等,都是侧重音,不是声。这个古汉语叫并列式复合词语义偏转。就这首诗而言是要侧重音还是声呢?我理解是声,所以我不取voice取sound。” 吴老师英语功底扎实,听她讲解译诗选词的思维过程,获益匪浅。新译纯属娱乐照虎画猫凑热闹。</span></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><br></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:20px;">【吴春晓佳译】</span></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><br></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:20px;">In the hills, there's no man in sight,</span></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:20px;">Yet there's human sound, you may hark.</span></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:20px;">The sun casts its light on woods dark;</span></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:20px;">Again the green mosses grow bright.</span></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><br></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:20px;">【许渊冲佳译】</span></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><br></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:20px;">THE DEER ENCLOSURE</span></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><br></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:20px;">In pathless hills no man's in sight,</span></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:20px;">But I still hear echoing sound.</span></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:20px;">In gloomy forest peeps no light,</span></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:20px;">But sunbeams slant on mossy ground.</span></p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:20px;">【张智中佳译】</span></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><br></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:20px;">The Deer Park</span></p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:20px;">The empty hill sees no soul;</span></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:20px;">yet human voice is echoing. </span></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:20px;">A wandering shaft of light,</span></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:20px;">through the deep woods,</span></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:20px;">fell full upon</span></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:20px;">the green moss</span></p><p class="ql-block" style="text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:20px;">aground.</span></p> <p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">“空山不见人,但闻人语响。”王维此时生活在山中,看不到人,又远远地听到好像有人在讲话,可是那些人和你没有关系。“返景入深林”,听到人语以后,不愿意再见到人,就回到树林当中。“复照青苔上”是讲阳光,光线照在青苔上面。如果用电影镜头来看,这句不是人的视角,而是阳光的视角。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:20px;">小时候读这首诗,觉得蛮无聊,没有什么意思。如果没有生命经验,其实不太容易进入王维的诗歌世界,因为太单纯,所有的色彩、华美都拿掉了,只有一个非常单纯、安静的生命,就好像打坐到最后的状态,绝对的静定。</span></p>