【three little mnkeys】小西妈双语工程 2003期No.194 Ryan 2021年5月23日 D204

多米

受伤

拉伤

妈妈

扭伤

损伤

脚踝

肌腱

事故

身体

韧带

Video: 教材动画 three little monkeys; 粉猪动画 Pedro's cough, library等; 常爸字源识字
Audio: 汉语二（上）；2a 2b 粉猪4-6集循环 ；常爸诗词故事
Reading: 海尼曼中2 本;牛津6 2本；中文绘本弗洛格成长故事系列; 指读，海尼曼易6本 牛津树1 6本
其他：嘟嘟math、Khan kids；一周四次口语课；古诗 咏柳 听姜老师的话研究了灵长类动物，结果越陷越深，发现很多有趣的知识，猴子分新世界和旧世界的；狐猴（lemur）不是猴，但属于灵长目；之前分不清楚的ape，chimpanzee，gorilla和orangutan都整明白了。本来是给小娃娃备课的，结果倒是结结实实地给自己上了一课。 找了一篇文章，里面关于动物的分类一秒钟把我整晕了，然后老老实实搜了一下分类学（taxonomy），稍微知道了一个大概。kingdom-届，phylum-门，class-纲，order-目（suborder-亚目，infraorder-下目，parvorder-小目），family-科（superfamily-总科，subfamily-亚科），genus-属，species-种。

也就能够在下次看到这些词语不再怵了吧。

Monkey facts for kids

Monkeys are tree-dwelling (arboreal) mammals. They are in the primate order. Monkeys are intelligent, social animals. Most monkeys have a tail, even if it is a short one.

The word "monkey" is not a scientific term. It is used for two rather different groups of primates. The big distinction is between Old World monkeys and New World monkeys. Apes are the descendants of Old World monkeys.

Some monkeys live almost entirely in trees. Others live partly on the ground（baboon狒狒，a kind of old world monkey）. Monkeys are mainly vegetarian, with a strong preference for fruit. However, they may eat a wide range of other food, including insects. Monkeys can live in forests and savannahs(亚热带草原）. Monkeys do not live in deserts. Some can live in snowy mountains, but more live in rainforests. There are none in the rainforests of Australia and New Guinea, and apparently they never reached those islands.

Some monkeys are small, about 15 centimetres (6 in) long and 120 grams (4.2 oz) in weight. Other monkeys are much larger, about 1 metre (3 ft 3 in) long and 35 kilograms (77 lb) in weight. A group of monkeys is called a "troop" of monkeys or a "tribe" of monkeys.

The two groups of monkeys live in different places: the New World Monkeys in South America and the Old World Monkeys live mainly in Africa and Asia. New World Monkeys are often smaller than Old World Monkeys. Monkeys have long arms and legs to help them swing from trees. Some monkeys' tails can wrap tightly around branches, almost like a "fifth limb". This type of tail is 'prehensile'（old world monkeys' tails are not prehensil）.

The smallest known monkey is the pygmy marmoset. It is about 14-16cm in size (without the tail). It weighs about 120 grams. It lives in the treetops of rainforests in Brazil, Colombia and Ecuador. The largest known monkey is the mandrill(live in Africa, and it is an old world monkey). It can grow to about 1 m in size. Adults weigh up to 35 kg. The monkeys often climb with the help of their tails.

Old World monkey facts for kids

The Old World monkeys or Cercopithecidae（猕猴科） are a group of primates which are native to Africa and Asia today.

The Old World monkeys live in a range of environments from tropical rain forest to savanna, shrubland and mountainous terrain.

Old World monkeys include many of the most familiar species of nonhuman primates, such as baboons（狒狒），macaques（猕猴），cocobus monkey（非洲疣猴），mandrill（山魈）.

Old World monkeys are medium to large in size, and range from arboreal forms, such as the Colobus（非洲疣猴）, to fully terrestrial forms, such as the baboons.

By appearance, Old World monkeys are unlike apes in that most have tails (the family name means "tailed ape"), and unlike the New World monkeys in that their tails are never prehensile (used for holding on).

In most species, daughters remain with their mothers for life, so that the basic social group among Old World monkeys is a matrilineal troop (led by the dominant female). Males leave the group on reaching adolescence, and find a new troop to join. In many species, only a single adult male lives with each group, driving off all rivals, but others are more tolerant, establishing relationships between dominant and subordinate males. Group sizes are highly variable, even within species, depending on the availability of food and other resources.

old world monkey New World monkey facts for kids

New World monkeys are the families of primates which are found in Central and South America.

About 40 million years ago, the simians split into the groups: the Platyrrhini (New World monkeys) and Catarrhini (apes and Old World monkeys). The key question is how did the early monkeys get to the Americas? There is at present no evidence for either of the two possible routes. Route one is across the then less wide Atlantic. Route two is across Asia, across the Bering Strait, and down through North America.

There are some big differences between the two groups of monkeys. New World monkeys have noses of flatter shape with nostrils facing to the side. Most do not have full colour vision, they have a different dental formula, many form monogamous pair bonds（一夫一妻）, with paternal care for the young, mostly, twin births are common, and their thumbs are not opposable. The Atelidae family have long tails that can grip things.

Common new world monkeys contain capuchins，squirrel monkeys，howler, spider monkey...

new world monkey Ape facts for kids

Apes are mammals belonging to the primate family Hominoidea（人猿总科）. Its members are called hominoids（类人动物）. They are native to Africa and Southeast Asia. Its living members are divided into two families:

Hylobatidae（长臂猿科）, the gibbons and siamangs（lesser apes;）
Hominidae（人科）, consisting of chimpanzees, gorillas, orangutans（the three are great apes） and humans.

One clear difference between monkeys and apes is that monkeys almost always have tails, but hominoids never do. There are also differences in their teeth and the way they move their arms. They have a wide degree of freedom at the shoulder joint, which helps them swing by their arms in the trees (brachiation).

The diets of apes are similar to those of other primates. They eat fruits, nuts, seeds, leaves and sometimes other animals. They are omnivores, though most of their intake is herbivorous.

great apes gibbon

Primate facts for kids

A primate is a eutherian(真哺乳亚纲的) mammal constituting the taxonomic order Primates. Primates arose 85–55 million years ago from small terrestrial mammals (Primatomorpha), which adapted to living in the trees of tropical forests: many primate characteristics represent adaptations to life in this challenging environment, including large brains, visual acuity, color vision, altered shoulder girdle, and dexterous(灵活的） hands. Primates range in size from Madame Berthe's mouse lemur, which weighs 30 g (1 oz), to the eastern gorilla, weighing over 200 kg (440 lb). There are 190–448 species of living primates, depending on which classification is used.

Primates are divided into two distinct suborders (see diagram under History of terminology). The first is the strepsirrhines (from Greek 'wet-nosed'，原猴亚目) – lemurs（狐猴）, galagos（夜猴）, and lorisids（懒猴）. (The colloquial names ending in -nosed actually refer to the rhinarium of the primate.) The second is haplorhines - the "dry-nosed" primates (from Greek 'simple-nosed'，简鼻亚目) – tarsier, monkey, and ape clades, the last of these including humans. Simians (infraorder Simiiformes, from Greek simos 'flat-nosed') are monkeys and apes, cladistically including: the catarrhines (from Latin 'narrow nosed'，窄鼻小目) consisting of the Old World monkeys and apes; and the platyrrhines (from Latin 'flat-nosed'，阔鼻小目): this division occurred about 60 million years ago. Forty million years ago, simians from Africa migrated to South America, presumably by drifting on debris, and gave rise to the New World monkeys. Twenty five million years ago the remaining Old World simians (catarrhines) split into apes and Old World monkeys. Common names for the simians are the (Old World) baboons, macaques, gibbons, and great apes; and the (New World) capuchins, howlers and squirrel monkeys. 以上内容大约花了四五天阅读消化，但跟宝贝讲也就五分钟。。。然后在网上找了一些视频和图片，现在宝贝至少知道great aps是和人最接近的，他们很聪明。对于地理位置还不太有概念，以后有机会多讲讲。

后来找了一本书，monkeys and apes, 大多数都介绍到了。

做了这么多笔记，其实也就几句话说完了。终于明白了在课堂上输出的老师们得有多渊博，才能最终融会贯通，简单精炼的把知识点都讲明白。 有一天，Ryan问我，who gave birth to the first person when there was no person on the earth?（原句有语法错误，这是经过我美化的）

我夸他问题问得好，因为妈妈还不知道如何很好的回答。

后来根据这周探索灵长类动物，稍微讲了一下进化论。小孩子也不是很明白，我现在能做的就是种下一颗科学的种子吧。

但我这个方式也不好，还是要想更好的办法和孩子进行讨论，听听孩子天真的想法，而不是直接把答案告诉他。育儿之路漫漫而修远兮，吾将上下而求索。

这基本上就是我上蹿下跳的自我表演，Ryan就沉浸在给我剪图片贴图片上，最后对写4000万这个数字表达强烈兴趣，希望他能有一点点感觉4000万年有多长吧

看great apes 的骨骼结构，人的骨骼结构与其他有什么区别；还有头骨结构，让他猜猜谁最聪明。 Three Little Monkeys
Three little monkeys jumping on the bed.
One fell off and bumped his head.
Mommy called the doctor and the doctor said
“No more little monkeys jumping on the bed.”
……
Two little monkeys jumping on the bed, one fell off and broke his neck.
What’s wrong with you?
I broke my neck.
Don’t worry, I’ll call the doctor .
Hello, this is mommy monkey.
Hello, mommy monkey. What’s the matter?

Just now, my little monkey jumped on the bed, then he fell off and broke his neck. Could you come to my house and wrap his neck with gauze?
Sure. I’ll come right away.
What’s your address?
Room 100, Unit 3, Building 6, haidian district
No, no more little monkeys jumping on the bed. It’s dangerous.
You should lie down and have a good rest.
I won’t do it again.
I broke/bumped my arm/leg/finger/toe/nose/knee/ankle/
My eye/waist/shoulder/tongue got hurt. 关于受伤的不同表达

injure
wound ◇ hurt ◇ bruise ◇ sprain ◇ pull ◇ strain
These words all mean to harm yourself or sb else physically, especially in an accident. 以上各词主要指在事故中伤害、使受伤。
injure
to harm yourself or sb else physically, especially in an accident 尤指在事故中伤害、使受伤：
He injured his knee playing hockey.
他打曲棍球时膝盖受了伤。
Three people were injured in the crash.
撞车事故中有三人受伤。
wound
[often passive] (rather formal) to injure part of the body, especially by making a hole in the skin using a weapon 指使身体受伤，尤指用武器伤害：
50 people were seriously wounded in the attack.
这次攻击中有 50 人受重伤。
NOTE
Wound is often used to talk about people being hurt in war or in other attacks which affect a lot of people. * wound 常指在战争中或在波及许多人的其他攻击中受伤。
hurt
to cause physical pain to sb/yourself; to injure sb/yourself 指（使）疼痛、受伤：
Did you hurt yourself?
你伤着自己了吗？

injure or hurt? 用 injure 还是 hurt？
You can hurt or injure a part of the body in an accident. Hurt emphasizes the physical pain caused; injure emphasizes that the part of the body has been damaged in some way. 在事故中身体受伤可用 hurt 或 injure，hurt 强调引起的身体疼痛，injure 强调身体部位受到某种程度的损伤。
bruise
to make a blue, brown or purple mark (= a bruise) appear on the skin after sb has fallen or been hit; to develop a bruise 指摔伤、撞伤、（使）出现瘀伤
sprain
to injure part of your body, especially your ankle, wrist or knee, by suddenly bending it in an awkward way, causing pain and swelling 指扭伤（踝、腕、膝）
pull
to damage a muscle, etc., by using too much force 指拉伤、扭伤（肌肉等）
strain
to injure yourself or part of your body by making it work too hard 指损伤、拉伤、扭伤：
Don't strain your eyes by reading in poor light.
别在光线不足的地方看书把眼睛给伤了。
Patterns

to injure/hurt/strain yourself
to injure/hurt/sprain/pull/strain a muscle
to injure/hurt/sprain your ankle/foot/knee/wrist/hand
to injure/hurt/strain your back/shoulder/eyes
to injure/hurt your spine/neck
to be badly/severely/slightly injured/wounded/hurt/bruised/sprained

Injuries 身体损伤
Being injured 受伤
have a fall/an injury 跌了一跤；受伤
receive/suffer/sustain a serious injury/a hairline fracture/(especially BrE) whiplash/a gunshot wound 受重伤／轻微骨裂／鞭伤／枪伤
hurt/injure your ankle/back/leg 伤到脚踝／背／大腿
damage the brain/an ankle ligament/your liver/the optic nerve/the skin 损伤大脑／脚踝韧带／肝脏／视神经／皮肤
pull/strain/tear a hamstring/ligament/muscle/tendon 拉伤腘绳肌腱／韧带／肌肉／肌腱
sprain/twist your ankle/wrist 扭伤脚踝／手腕
break a bone/your collarbone/your leg/three ribs 骨折；锁骨／大腿／三根肋骨骨折
fracture/crack your skull 头盖骨破裂
break/chip/knock out/lose a tooth 碰断了一颗牙；使牙齿崩缺了一块；磕掉／掉了一颗牙
burst/perforate your eardrum 使耳膜破裂；鼓膜穿孔
dislocate your finger/hip/jaw/shoulder 使手指／臀部／下巴／肩膀脱臼
bruise/cut/graze your arm/knee/shoulder 擦伤／割破／擦破手臂／膝盖／肩膀
burn/scald yourself/your tongue 烧伤／烫伤自己／舌头
bang/bump/hit/ (informal) bash your elbow/head/knee (on/against sth) （在某物上）撞到肘部／头／膝盖
Treating injuries 治疗伤病
treat sb for burns/a head injury/a stab wound 给某人治疗烧伤／头部伤／刺伤
examine/clean/dress/bandage/treat a bullet wound 检查／清洗／包扎／用绷带包扎／治疗枪伤
repair a damaged/torn ligament/tendon/cartilage 修复损伤的／拉伤的韧带／肌腱／软骨
amputate/cut off an arm/a finger/a foot/a leg/a limb 截去一只胳膊／一根手指／一只脚／一条腿；截肢
put on/ (formal) apply/take off (especially NAmE) a Band-Aid /(BrE) a plaster/a bandage 贴上／使用／撕掉创可贴；缠上／使用／解掉绷带
need/require/put in/ (especially BrE) have (out)/ (NAmE) get (out) stitches 需要缝针；缝针；拆线
put on/rub on/ (formal) apply cream/ointment/lotion 涂抹护肤霜／药膏／护肤液
have/receive/undergo (BrE) physiotherapy/(NAmE) physical therapy 接受物理疗法

剪了有十个猴子，我是妈妈，Ryan是医生，每个猴子不同部位受伤，然后妈妈给医生打电话。 The scene performance about emergency

Which of these emergency services saves lives?
110,120,119 All of these emergency services save lives. It is important to remember this if you need to contact them at any time. Try and remain calm, and give them the facts.
Name, address and what the issue is.

If you waste their time with unnecessary calls, it may be stopping someone else from needing their help; someone who is very ill and in need of life saving treatment, or someone who is in grave danger. Be safe always!

🔘 Calling 120 叫救护车
You are walking on a street ,suddenly you see someone falling off a ladder, what should you do .
Call a Ambulance
Ok ,let’s have a try.
I’ll play the doctor.
(Calling 120 )Hello. First Aid Center, someone fell off a ladder ,he needs help.
Ok .please do not move him because he could have an injury which is not obvious.

This could include a broken back or fractured skull. We have special neck braces and back boards to transport people with potential injuries safely to hospital for x-rays and further tests.
Ok got it .
Where are you now? Please give me your address.
I’m at building 5, Guanghua street.
We will arrive there 10 minutes later.

🔘 不能轻易叫救护车，浪费公共资源
Would you call an ambulance if your pet kitten was stuck up a tree?
No. I can call the firemen to help.

Calling an ambulance should only be done in an emergency if someone is very ill or injured. A pet kitten stuck up a tree is definitely NOT a reason to call the emergency services. Kittens like to explore, climb, or scrabble into tight corners. It is their natural survival skills which will also usually lead them back to safety without any outside help.

🔘 Calling 110
Which of the following would you ring if somebody stole your purse or wallet?
Call 110 to get help from policeman.
Stealing is theft and therefore a criminal offence that you need to report to the police. I have money in my purse or wallet and this is what thieves are after. These thieves are sometimes called pickpockets, as they pick the item from your pocket without you noticing.

Should you get into a car with a stranger?
I never will.
You should never get into a car with someone you don't know. It is wrong to trust anyone you are not familiar with; in fact sometimes even people you know could be harmful. If a stranger let you go into his car ,you can yell "help" louldly and you can call 110 for help from policeman.

A stranger offers you sweets; Can you accept them?
You should never accept sweets from a stranger, whether they are male or female.

🔘 Calling 119
If you find fire or smoke.
remember to follow your family's fire escape plan. the rest of your family by yelling "FIRE!" in a very loud voice, then get out as fast as you can .
Call the fire alarm line 119. Stay outside no matter what. Do not go back inside for anything!

Are there any other circumstances in which we can call 119?

If somebody or even a pet gets stuck some where. Remember little critter's daddy, he was stuck in the basement, who came to rescue him? Yes, the fireman Joe.

🔘 不能玩火柴
If you find a book of matches or a lighter lying around your house, what should you do with it?
You should never, ever play with matches or lighters! You could burn yourself or set your house on fire. If you find matches or a lighter, tell an adult so they can be put away safely.

If someone gets too close to the fire while trying to escape and their clothes catch on fire, what should they do?

Remember these words; stop, drop and roll. They could save your life. Fire needs air to burn. Running and jumping lets more air get to the fire so it spreads very quickly. Rolling on the ground cuts off the supply of air and smothers the flames.

Other safty tips

🔘 Know your parent’s name and phone number.
Practice mom’s and dad’s names and phone numbers over and over so you remember them. Make learning my phone numbers easier by turning them into songs.讲到这儿很着急，说记不住妈妈的电话号码，只记得住三个数字，妈妈安慰他，没事儿，可以慢慢的记。然后Ryan很天真的说，没关系，我找其他的妈妈打电话，她的手机上会有你的号码的。他天天拿姥姥的手机给我打电话，以为所有人手机上都存了妈妈电话呢。

🔘 If you get lost, stop where you are and yell
You aren’t often allowed to really yell as loud as possible but this is exactly what you need to do. Let us practice this. Yell your name or “mom/dad” over and over. Being loud will help me hear where you are.

🔘 Look for a mom with kids and ask for help.
Look for a mom with kids and ask for help. If you are in a store, you can also ask a person at the cash register for help.

🔘 Know that you will be found.
Don’t hide because you’re scared. Don’t go searching the area. And certainly don’t leave the area . Take a deep breath and remember your safety steps.
We know it isn’t easy to talk about these things, especially if you are already anxious. But talking about these things actually helps to ease the anxiety because you’re getting tools that will make you feel empowered in the situation rather than helpless.

🔘不能自己去拿药物
Sometimes when we are sick, our parents give us medicine to help us get better. Is it okay to take medicine you might find in the medicine cabinet if you're feeling sick and there are no grown ups around?
While medicines can help us when we're sick, some can be dangerous, especally if we take too much of them. And some medicines that are okay for adults are dangerous for children. Even something like aspirin can be dangerous for kids. If you try to take medicine by yourself, you might take too much, or take the wrong medicine. If you're feeling sick, tell your mom or dad and let them get the medicine for you.

🔘不要玩塑料袋
You should never play with plastic bags
Plastic bags may look harmless, but you should never play with them. It is too easy to get trapped inside one, if it's large, and even if it is smaller, it can cover your mouth and nose so you are unable to breathe. Plastic bags are not toys!

🔘不要手提尖物行走玩耍
Why should you not run around your house when you are using scissors?
You should never run or engage in rough play when holding scissors, or any other sharp object, such as a knife or a pencil. If run, you could fall, and you could seriously injure yourself, or someone else. The best scissors for kids are those with rounded ends. You still have to be careful because all scissors are sharp, and you could cut yourself.

🔘不要在没有大人陪伴的情况下游泳
You should never go into a swimming pool unless there's an adult to watch you. Even if you're a good swimmer, you could get into trouble if you get a cramp or hit your head on the side of the pool. And the same rules apply at a pond or the beach. Swimming is a lot of fun, but you should always remember to put safety first!
You are playing alone in your yard, when a strange dog approaches you. What should you do?

🔘小心触电
Many things in our houses run off electricity. There are probably electrical outlets in every room of your house. Why should you never try to stick your fingers or anything else into an electrical outlet?
Electricity is very, very dangerous. The only thing that should ever go into an electrical outlet is the plug of an item that runs on electricity. If you are old enough, your parents may let you plug things into outlets by yourself, but you must be very careful. Never touch the metal prongs on the plug, and never plug in something if your hands are wet. And never, ever try to stick your tongue or fingers into an electrical outlet! You could be seriously hurt, or even killed.

🔘不要贸然在冰上行走
If your dog runs out on a frozen lake in the spring, should you follow it onto the ice?
When the ice begins to melt in the spring, it may melt from underneath. This means that the ice may be thinner than it looks. A dog may weigh less than you, or may move faster. This means that they may be able to move more safely on the ice than you. Never follow your dog onto the ice if you are without an adult in case the ice is thinner than you think. You may run the risk of breaking through the ice and falling in the ice cold water. Falling in ice cold water is a very dangerous situation that you should avoid.

🔘乘车安全
When you get in the car, what should you do to be safe?
When travelling in a car, it is very important to wear a seat belt. This could help save your life if you were involved in an accident.

上述这些内容，我让他自己演爸爸，爸爸要如何教育自己的女儿主要安全。 本周诗词——咏柳 玩大书