【二十四节气】---春分Spring Equinox

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The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides a year into 24 solar terms.

传统中国农历将一年分为24个节气。





The Spring Equinox（Mar 20 -Apr 3） signals the equal length of the day and night time.

春分标志着昼夜时间等长。



On the day of the Spring Equinox, sun is directly above the equator.

在这一天，太阳直射赤道。



After the equinox, the sun moves northwards, resulting in gradually longer day time in the Northern Hemisphere and longer nights in the Southern Hemisphere.

春分后，太阳北移，使得北半球逐渐白昼更长，南半球夜晚更长。



👉春分发生在什么时间



"Spring Equinox” arrives around March 21 every year and on this day, the sun is vertically above a point on the equator.

春分发生在每年3月21日前后，在这天太阳正好直射于赤道。



👉春分节气代表了什么



　　“Spring Equinox” indicates two meanings. Firstly, on this day, the night and day are approximately equally long with 12 hours each. Secondly, it’s the mid-point for the spring season.“

春分”代表了2层意思。第一，这一天白天和夜晚时间等长，都只有12个小时。第二，它是春季的中间点。



👉形成原因



Spring Equinox is the middle of spring and usually on the 20 or 21 of March every year. On this day, the sun directly blazes down the equator, so that day and night is equal in length.

春分是在春天中期，通常在每年的三月20或者21号。这一天，太阳直射赤道，所以白天、黑夜是一样长的。



👉气候特征



After this day, the sun continues to move to the north hemisphere and the temperature continues to rise. Daily average temperature in most areas in China reaches 0 degree Celsius above.

从春分以后，太阳继续向北半球移动，气温持续上升。在中国大部分区域，日均气温为0°以上。



👉春分的寓意



Humans living thousands of years may not have known the details of this astronomy, but over generations they certainly learnt that the Earth gets warmer and colder in pretty regular cycles, with the spring equinox marking one point when the Northern Hemisphere begins to shrug off winter’s cold.

活了几千年的人类可能并不是很清楚这个天文学上的详细原因，但是世世代代的人们都知道地球会周期性地降温和回暖，春分是其中的一个时间划分点，意味着北半球开始摆脱冬天的寒冷。

Warmer temperatures thaw frozen ground to make it easier for planting crops , increased rainfall waters these and animals that hibernated over winter emerge from their dens.

气温回暖，土地解冻，适合种植农作物，同时降雨增加，灌溉庄稼，冬眠越冬的动物也从各自的小窝里出来了。



👉传统习俗



Swallows fly north

燕子北飞

The ancient Chinese people divided the fifteen days of the Spring Equinox into three "hou's," or five-day parts. As the old saying goes, swallows fly back to the North in the first hou; thunder cracks the sky in the second hou; and lightning occurs frequently in the third hou, which vividly reveals the climate feature during the Spring Equinox.

古人把春分这十五天分为“三候”，五天为一“候”。古语有云，一候玄鸟至；二候雷乃发声；三候始电，这生动地披露了春分时节的气候特征。



Egg-standing games

竖蛋

Standing an egg upright is a popular game across the country during the Spring Equinox. It is an old custom that dates back to 4,000 years ago. People practice this tradition to celebrate the coming of spring. It is believed that if someone can make the egg stand, he will have good luck in the future.

竖蛋，是春分时节在中国流行的一种游戏。这个古老习俗可以追溯至4000年前，人们借此来庆祝春天的到来。人们相信，如果有人能够将蛋竖起，他就会在未来拥有好运。

Some people believe that the Spring Equinox is the best time to practice this game because on this day the axis of the earth is relatively balanced against the orbital plane of the earth's rotation around the sun, which makes it easier to make an egg stand.

有些人认为，春分是玩这个游戏的最佳时间，因为在这一天，地轴相对于地球绕太阳旋转的轨道平面是平衡的，这样就更容易让鸡蛋立起来。



Eating spring vegetables

吃春菜

Eating spring vegetables during the Spring Equinox is a commonly practiced custom in many regions of China. 'Spring vegetables' refers to seasonal vegetables that differ from place to place. The ancient teachings in the Chinese classic, Huangdi Neijing, suggests that people eat seasonal foods to help preserve health and bring good luck.

在中国很多地方，有春分吃春菜的风俗。“春菜”并不是一种蔬菜，而是指不同地区的时令蔬菜。中国经典《黄帝内经》中有古训里建议人们吃季节性食物，以保持健康并能带来好运。



Sacrifice to the Sun god

祭祀大明神

During the Spring Equinox, an old traditional practiced by Beijing locals is offering sacrifices to the Sun god. This tradition is called "Zhonghe Festival". The "Sun Cake", a round cake made from wheat and sugar, serves as the main offering.

春分节气，北京当地人的一项古老传统是祭祀大明神。这一传统被称为“中和节”。“太阳饼”——由小麦和糖制成的圆形饼，是主要的祭品。

In the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) and Qing Dynasty (1636—1912), the imperial family held this ritual in Ritan Park every Spring Equinox. Ritan Park gradually became a common place for public recreation. However, the practice still exists among the public.

在明朝(1368-1644)和清朝(1636-1912)，皇室每年春分都在日坛公园举行这种仪式。现在，虽然日坛公园逐渐成为公共休闲场所，但这种古老的习俗依然存在。



Reward farm cattle

奖励耕牛

This practice is popular in the southern area of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. As the Spring Equinox comes, farm work starts and both the farmers and the cattle start to become busy. Farmers will reward cattle with sticky rice balls to express their gratefulness. Meanwhile, people also will make sacrifice to the birds, to thank them for bringing signals for farm work and to ask them not to eat grain later in the year.

这一做法在长江下游的南方地区十分流行。随着春分的到来，耕种开始，农民和牛开始变得忙碌。为了表达感激，农民会用汤圆回报牛。与此同时，人们还会祭拜鸟类，以感谢它们为农耕带来“信号”，同时祈求它们今年晚些时候不要食用谷粒。



Fly kites

放风筝

In ancient times, people did not have good medical resources. So to pray for health, they wrote their medical issues on paper kite. When the kite was in the air, people would cut off the string to let the paper kite float away, symbolizing the flying away of diseases.

古时医疗条件不佳。为祈求健康，人们把所染疾病写在纸 风筝上。风筝高飞时，就剪断风筝线，让它随风飘走，寓意疾病远离。

Later flying kites developed into a popular game of spring. On the Spring Equinox, people write a blessing on the kite, hoping that the gods in the sky would see it.

后来，放风筝渐渐成为人们在春天爱玩的游戏。春分时，人们在风筝上写下祝福，祈愿天上神灵能看见。



👉春分饮食小贴士



Since “Vernal Equinox” equally divides day and night, people should pay more attention on the balance of Yin Qi and Yang Qi in human’s body.

由于“春分”昼夜平分，人们就更应该关注体内“阴气”与“阳气”的平衡。

Traditional Chinese medical practice shows that to balance Yin and Yang, the human body requires both“supplying” and “releasing”.

传统中国医疗实践表明，为了平衡阴气和阳气，人体需要同时“补给”和“释放”。

For example, when eating food with cold nature such ascrab, fish andprawn, it’s better to cook them with food with warm nature such as ginger, spring onion, wines and vinegar.

比如，想吃生冷寒性食物，诸如螃蟹、鱼、虾，最好把它们和温性食物，如姜、洋葱、葡萄酒和醋一起烹饪。



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