新概念英语第1册第43~44课课文讲解

Linda Shen

<p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">New words and expressions in lesson </p><p class="ql-block">43-44&nbsp;&nbsp; 第43-44课的生词和短语</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">can[kæn]modal. 能</p><p class="ql-block">of course[ɔv kɔ:s]adv. 当然</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">kettle['ketl]n. 水壶</p><p class="ql-block">behind[bi'haind]prep. 在…后面</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">teapot['ti:pɔt]n. 茶壶</p><p class="ql-block">now[nau]a. 现在</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">find[faind]v. 找到</p><p class="ql-block">boil[bɔil]v. 沸腾</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">hurry['hʌri]v. 赶快</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><br></p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">Lesson 43 Hurry up!&nbsp;&nbsp; 快点!</p><p class="ql-block">1.&nbsp; Can you make the tea, Sam?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 彭妮: 你可以沏茶吗,萨姆?</p><p class="ql-block">2.&nbsp; Yes, of course I can, penny.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 萨姆: 可以,我当然可以,彭妮。</p><p class="ql-block">3.&nbsp; Is there any water in this kattle?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 萨姆: 这水壶里有水吗?</p><p class="ql-block">4.&nbsp; Yes, there is.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 彭妮: 有水。</p><p class="ql-block">5.&nbsp; Where's the tea?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </p><p class="ql-block">萨姆: 茶叶在哪儿?</p><p class="ql-block">6.&nbsp; It's over there, behind the teapot.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 彭妮: 就在那儿,在茶壶后面。</p><p class="ql-block">7.&nbsp; Can you see it ?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 彭妮:</p><p class="ql-block">你看见了吗?</p><p class="ql-block">8.&nbsp; I can see the teapot, but I can't see the tea.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 萨姆:</p><p class="ql-block">我看到了茶壶,但没看到茶叶。</p><p class="ql-block">9.&nbsp; There it is. It's in front of you.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 彭妮: 在那儿呢! 就在你眼前。 </p><p class="ql-block">10.&nbsp; Oh yes, I can see it now.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 萨姆: 哦,现在我看见了。 </p><p class="ql-block">11.&nbsp; Where are the cups?</p><p class="ql-block">萨姆: 茶杯在哪儿呢?</p><p class="ql-block">12.&nbsp; There are some in the cupboard.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 彭妮: 碗柜里有几个。</p><p class="ql-block">13.&nbsp; Can you find them?</p><p class="ql-block">彭妮: 你找到了吗?</p><p class="ql-block">14.&nbsp; Yes. Here they are.</p><p class="ql-block">萨姆: 找到了,在这儿呢。</p><p class="ql-block">15.&nbsp; Hurry up, Sam, the kettle's boiling.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 彭妮: 快点,萨姆,水开了。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">Text analysis of lesson 43</p><p class="ql-block">第43课的课文分析</p><p class="ql-block">(学习情态动词can)</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">一.请看课文第1句:</p><p class="ql-block">Can you make the tea, Sam?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 彭妮: 你可以沏茶吗,萨姆?</p><p class="ql-block">👉关于can, 请同学们关注本课的语法。</p><p class="ql-block">👉现在我们来讨论一下口语中make的用法:</p><p class="ql-block">在日常生活中,make的使用频率很高,比如:</p><p class="ql-block">make tea/coffee&nbsp; 泡茶/泡咖啡</p><p class="ql-block">make breakfast/ lunch</p><p class="ql-block">/dinner,&nbsp;&nbsp; 做早餐/做午餐/做晚餐&nbsp; </p><p class="ql-block">make sandwich/ salad&nbsp;&nbsp; </p><p class="ql-block">做三明治/ 做沙拉</p><p class="ql-block">👉 在通常情况下,家务中凡用手工制作物品,都可以用动词 make来描述。</p><p class="ql-block">请看例句:</p><p class="ql-block">* I make coffee for my parents.&nbsp; 我为父母泡咖啡。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">* I usually make breakfast at home on weekends.&nbsp;&nbsp; 我通常周末在家做早餐。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">* My sister and I make sandwiches and salads together.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 我和姐姐一起做三明治和沙拉。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">&lt;相关单词:&gt;</p><p class="ql-block">parents['perənts]n. 父母</p><p class="ql-block">breakfast['brekfəst]n.早餐</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">lunch[lʌnt∫]n. 午餐</p><p class="ql-block">dinner['dinə]n. 晚餐</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">sandwich['sænwit∫]n. 三明治</p><p class="ql-block">salad['sæləd]n.沙拉(生拌菜)</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">usually['juʒəli]adv. 通常</p><p class="ql-block">together[tə'geðə]adv. 在一起</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">二. 请看课文第2句:</p><p class="ql-block">Yes, of course I can.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 萨姆: 可以,我当然可以。</p><p class="ql-block">👉 请大家关注 of course.</p><p class="ql-block">我们曾经学过以下这两个单词:</p><p class="ql-block">certainly['s:tnliə]adv.当然</p><p class="ql-block">sure[∫uə]adv. 当然</p><p class="ql-block">👉它们与of course意思相同,以下的回答,同样可以表达萨姆的原意:</p><p class="ql-block">(问:)Can you make the tea, Sam?</p><p class="ql-block">(答1:)&nbsp;Yes,&nbsp;certainly I can. 我当然可以。</p><p class="ql-block">(答2:)&nbsp;Sure.&nbsp;&nbsp; 当然可以。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">三. 请看课文第六句:</p><p class="ql-block">It's over there, behind the teapot.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 彭妮: 就在那儿,在茶壶后面。</p><p class="ql-block">👉 over there 意思是: 在那边,指比较远的地方。</p><p class="ql-block">👉 behind, 在…的后面,</p><p class="ql-block">是 in front of(在…的前面)的反义词。</p><p class="ql-block">👉根据课文的原意,</p><p class="ql-block">* The tea is behind the teapot.&nbsp;&nbsp; 茶在茶壶后面。</p><p class="ql-block">[问?题]</p><p class="ql-block">请同学们用 in front of 来描述:</p><p class="ql-block">茶壶在茶叶的前面。</p><p class="ql-block">请写出这个句子,并读出来。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">四. 请看课文第3-4句:</p><p class="ql-block">* Is there any water in the kattle?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 萨姆: 这水壶里有水吗?</p><p class="ql-block">* Yes, there is.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 彭妮: 有水。</p><p class="ql-block">👉 请同学回答:</p><p class="ql-block">以上2个句子中的动词be为什么用的都是“is”?</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">请看课文第5-6句:</p><p class="ql-block">* Where's the tea?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </p><p class="ql-block">萨姆: 茶叶在哪儿?</p><p class="ql-block">*&nbsp; It's over there, behind the teapot.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 彭妮: 就在那儿,在茶壶后面。</p><p class="ql-block">👉 请回答:</p><p class="ql-block">&lt;问题1:&gt; 以上2个句子中的动词be为什么用的都是“is”?</p><p class="ql-block">&lt;问题2:&gt; 课文第6句中的"it"</p><p class="ql-block">指的是什么?&nbsp; </p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">请看课文第11-12句。</p><p class="ql-block">*&nbsp;Where are the cups?</p><p class="ql-block">萨姆: 茶杯在哪儿呢?</p><p class="ql-block">*&nbsp;There are some in the cupboard.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 彭妮: 碗柜里有几个。</p><p class="ql-block">👉 请回答:</p><p class="ql-block">&lt;问题1:&gt; 以上2个句子中的动词be为什么用的都是“are”?</p><p class="ql-block">&lt;问题2:&gt; 课文第12句中的 "some"指的是什么?&nbsp; </p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">五. 请看课文第13句:</p><p class="ql-block">Can you find them?</p><p class="ql-block">彭妮: 你找到了吗?</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">请关注以下短语和单词:</p><p class="ql-block">look for ['luk fɔ:]v. 寻找</p><p class="ql-block">find[faind]v. 找到</p><p class="ql-block">👉 请同学们想一想,以上短语和单词有什么差别?&nbsp;&nbsp; </p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">&lt;复习/回顾:&gt;</p><p class="ql-block">👉 请看我们学过的《Supermarket conversations. 超市会话》中的对话:</p><p class="ql-block">[顾客:] Could you help me, please?&nbsp;&nbsp; 你能帮帮我吗?</p><p class="ql-block">[店员:] Sure. What are you looking for?&nbsp;&nbsp; 好的,你(正)在找什么?</p><p class="ql-block">&lt;注:&gt; 店员的问话用的是现在进行时,looking一&gt; look的现在分词。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">👉 《超市会话》第一部分的名称是:</p><p class="ql-block">Finding a Store&nbsp; 找到商店</p><p class="ql-block">&lt;注:&gt; finding一&gt; 动词find+</p><p class="ql-block">ing构成的动名词。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">&lt;总结:&gt;</p><p class="ql-block">很明显,look for 是一个找的过程;find是寻找的结果。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">六. 请看课文第15句:</p><p class="ql-block">Hurry up, Sam, the kettle's boiling.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 彭妮: 快点,萨姆。水开了!</p><p class="ql-block">👉 Hurry up.&nbsp;&nbsp; 快点。</p><p class="ql-block">它的反义词是:&nbsp; </p><p class="ql-block">Slow down.&nbsp;&nbsp; 慢点。</p><p class="ql-block">以上两个都是祈使句,通常用来督促别人动作快一点或慢一点。 </p><p class="ql-block">请看例句:</p><p class="ql-block">* Hurry up! We're going to be late.&nbsp;&nbsp; 快点,我们要迟到了。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">*&nbsp;Slow down! Don't drive so fast.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 慢一点,别开得这么快!&nbsp;&nbsp; </p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">👉 The kettle's boiling.&nbsp;</p><p class="ql-block">这个句子用的是现在进行时,表示水壶里的水正在开。</p><p class="ql-block">另外,句子中的kettle指的是:</p><p class="ql-block">“The water in the kattle.” 水壶里的水。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><br></p> <p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">第43课的语法讲解</p><p class="ql-block">(学习情态助动词can)</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">早在第29课中,我们已经初步见识了情态助动词must,课文中有这样一句话:</p><p class="ql-block">What must I do?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 我应该做什么?</p><p class="ql-block">&lt;问题:&gt;</p><p class="ql-block">什么是情态助动词?</p><p class="ql-block">&lt;回答:&gt;</p><p class="ql-block">所谓的情态,指的是说话人的情绪、态度或语气,所谓的助动词,指的是主要动词的助手。</p><p class="ql-block">👉情态助动词在句子中不能独立存在,它必须与其他动词原形连用,其形式是:</p><p class="ql-block">👉情态动词+动词原形</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">can是英语中最常用的几个情态助动之一,最常见的用法有三种:</p><p class="ql-block">A) 表示能力/技能;</p><p class="ql-block">👉以下是情态动词can在肯定、否定、一般疑问和特殊疑问句中的用法:</p><p class="ql-block">*&nbsp; I can swim.&nbsp;&nbsp; 我会游泳。 </p><p class="ql-block">*&nbsp; Can you swim?&nbsp;&nbsp; 你会游泳吗?</p><p class="ql-block">*&nbsp; I can't swim.&nbsp;&nbsp; 我不会游泳。&nbsp; </p><p class="ql-block">*&nbsp; Who can swim?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 谁会游泳?&nbsp;&nbsp; </p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">B)&nbsp;表示允许(征求对方意见)</p><p class="ql-block">*&nbsp; Can I come in?&nbsp;&nbsp; 我可以进来吗?</p><p class="ql-block">*&nbsp; Can I smoke here?&nbsp;&nbsp; /可以在这里抽烟吗?</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">C)&nbsp;表示请求&amp;要求</p><p class="ql-block">* Can you make the tea?&nbsp; 你可以沏茶吗?</p><p class="ql-block">Yes, I can.&nbsp;&nbsp; (我)可以。</p><p class="ql-block">No, I can't.&nbsp;&nbsp; (我)不可以。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">&lt;提醒:&gt; </p><p class="ql-block">提醒同学们,请注意在英译中时谨慎用词。因为“沏茶”并不是一项技能,如果我们把Can you make the tea?&nbsp; 翻译成 “你会沏茶吗?”这是否是对别人极大的不尊重啊?!</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">👉 can的否定形式是:</p><p class="ql-block">can not, cannot或can't.</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">请看以下另一组肯定、否定、一般疑问和特殊疑问例句:</p><p class="ql-block">👉(请同学们注意句中any、some的用法)</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">* Can you see any cups in the cupboard?&nbsp; 你能看见碗柜里有一些茶杯吗?</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">*&nbsp;I can see some cups in the cupboard.&nbsp;&nbsp; 我能看见碗柜里有一些杯子。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">*&nbsp;I can't see any cups in the cupboard.&nbsp;&nbsp; 我看不到碗柜里有杯子。&nbsp; </p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">* What can you see in the cupboard?&nbsp;&nbsp; 你能在碗柜里看到什么?&nbsp; </p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">&lt;附加说明:&gt;</p><p class="ql-block">我们已经知道, some, any</p><p class="ql-block">都表示“一些”,都可以与复数可数名词或不可数名词连用,它们的不同之处在于: some用在肯定句中,any用在否定或疑问句中。</p><p class="ql-block">有一些特殊情况请同学们注意:</p><p class="ql-block">当一个疑问句表示的是请求、建议、或是希望得到对方的认可,通常这样的疑问句是用some,而不是any.</p><p class="ql-block">请看例句:</p><p class="ql-block">* Would you like some coffee?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 你想来一些咖啡吗?</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">* Would you like some milk in your coffee?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 你是否喜欢在咖啡里加一点牛奶?</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p> <p class="ql-block">  </p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block"> </p><p class="ql-block"> ~用英语的表达习惯说英语~</p><p class="ql-block">由于东西方文化的差异,汉语和英语在表达上经常有很大的不同。在一般情况下,汉语的问话是以第二人称“你”为主语的。比如:</p><p class="ql-block">请问您要什么? </p><p class="ql-block">请问您贵姓?</p><p class="ql-block">请问您的电话号码…。</p><p class="ql-block">👉 毫无疑问,在东方文化中,这些都是文明礼貌用语。</p><p class="ql-block">而在西方文化中,在大多数情况下,他们的问话是以第一人称“我”为主语的。他们认为,</p><p class="ql-block">要谨慎地使用以“你”为主语的问话,因为它似乎是在“指挥别人”,貌似“粗鲁”。 </p><p class="ql-block">请看以下例句:</p><p class="ql-block">1.&nbsp; Can I help you?</p><p class="ql-block">2.&nbsp; Can I have your name?</p><p class="ql-block">3.&nbsp; Can I have your phone number?</p><p class="ql-block">4.&nbsp; Can I have your Email address?</p><p class="ql-block">5.&nbsp; Can I&nbsp; have some water?</p><p class="ql-block">6.&nbsp; Can I have your order?</p><p class="ql-block">7.&nbsp;&nbsp; Can I speak to Tom, please?</p><p class="ql-block">👉 请同学们特别注意:</p><p class="ql-block">为尊重东西方文化的不同,我们要学会用英语的表达习惯来说英语。同时,在英译中时,我们也应该按中国人的习惯,把以上句子翻译为:</p><p class="ql-block">(1) Can I help you?&nbsp; 请问您要什么? </p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">(2) Can I have your name,please?&nbsp;&nbsp; 请问您的姓名?</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">(3)Can I have your phone number, please?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 请问您的电话号码?</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">(4) Can I have your Email address, please?&nbsp;&nbsp; 请问您的邮箱号码?</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">(5) Can I&nbsp; have some water, please?&nbsp;&nbsp; 请给我一些水。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">(6) Can I have your order, please?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 请给我您的订单。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">(7) Can I speak to Tom, please?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 请问汤姆在吗?</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">&nbsp;👉 那么以“你”为主语的礼貌用语该怎样说呢?</p><p class="ql-block">请看例句:</p><p class="ql-block">* Would you bring me some water?&nbsp;&nbsp; 你能给我一些水吗?</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">* What would you like?&nbsp; 你想要什么?</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">*&nbsp;How would you like to pay?&nbsp;&nbsp; 请问你如何付款?</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">&lt;注:&gt;👉 Would you like…是一种非常客气的礼貌用语,用来询问对方的意愿,意思是 “你想要…?”&nbsp;&nbsp; </p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><br></p> <p class="ql-block">Exercises in lesson 44&nbsp;&nbsp; 第44课的练习题</p><p class="ql-block">~学习/练习 there be句型~</p><p class="ql-block">~there is/are 在不同情况下的用法~</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">(一)&nbsp; bread on the table&nbsp; 桌上的面包</p><p class="ql-block">&lt;问:&gt; Is there any bread here?&nbsp;&nbsp; 这里有面包吗?</p><p class="ql-block">&lt;答:&gt; Yes. There is some on the table.&nbsp; 桌上有一些面包。 </p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">There are two loaves of bread on the table.&nbsp; 桌上有两条面包。 </p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">(二) hammers behind that box&nbsp; 箱子后面的锤子</p><p class="ql-block">&lt;问:&gt; Are there any&nbsp; hammers here?&nbsp;&nbsp; 这里有锤子吗? </p><p class="ql-block">&lt;答:&gt; Yes. There are some behind that box.&nbsp; 箱子后面有锤子。 </p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">There are two hammers behind that box.&nbsp;&nbsp; 箱子后面有两把锤子。&nbsp; </p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">(三)&nbsp; milk in front of the door&nbsp; 门前的牛奶</p><p class="ql-block">&lt;问:&gt; Is there any milk here?&nbsp; 这里有牛奶吗?&nbsp; </p><p class="ql-block">&lt;答:&gt; Yes. There is some in front of the door.&nbsp; 门前有一些牛奶。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">There are two bottles of milk in front of the door.&nbsp; </p><p class="ql-block">门前有两瓶牛奶。&nbsp; </p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">(四)&nbsp; soap on the cupboard&nbsp; 橱柜上的肥皂</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">&lt;问:&gt; Is there any soap here?&nbsp; 这里有肥皂吗? </p><p class="ql-block">&lt;答:&gt; Yes, there is. 有的。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">There are&nbsp; three bars of soap on the cupboard.</p><p class="ql-block">橱柜上有三块肥皂。&nbsp; </p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">(五)&nbsp; cups in front of the kattle&nbsp; 水壶前的杯子</p><p class="ql-block">&lt;问:&gt; Are there any cups in front of the kattle?&nbsp; 水壶前有杯子吗? </p><p class="ql-block">&lt;答:&gt; Yes. There are four cups in front of the kattle.&nbsp; 有,水壶前面有4只杯子。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">(六) teapots in the cupboard&nbsp; 橱柜里的茶壶</p><p class="ql-block">&lt;问:&gt; Are there any kettles in the cupboard?&nbsp; 橱柜里有水壶吗?</p><p class="ql-block">&lt;答:&gt; No. There are some&nbsp; teapots.&nbsp; 没有,但是有一些茶壶。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">(七)&nbsp; cars in front of the building&nbsp; 大楼前的轿车</p><p class="ql-block">&lt;问:&gt; Are there any buses in front of that building?&nbsp; 那幢大楼前有巴士吗?</p><p class="ql-block">&lt;答:&gt; No,&nbsp; There aren't. There are some cars.&nbsp; 没有,但有一些轿车。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">(八)&nbsp; coffee on the table&nbsp; 桌上的咖啡</p><p class="ql-block">&lt;问:&gt; Is there any tea on the table?&nbsp; 桌上有茶吗?</p><p class="ql-block">&lt;答:&gt; No, there are two bags of coffee on the table.&nbsp; 不,桌上有两袋咖啡。&nbsp;</p>

彭妮

课文

第句

动词

萨姆

情态

碗柜

茶壶

水壶

例句