<p style="margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span style='color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'>”一场秋雨一场寒”,秋季气候多变,同时经过夏季,人体消耗较大,免疫力下降,病毒趁虚而入,其中最常见的是呼吸道疾病。气温骤降,是秋季感冒的主要诱因。下面我们一起来学习如何预防流行性感冒吧!</span></p><span style='color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><h1 style="margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span style='font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><strong>一、什么是流行性感冒?</strong></span></h1><h3 style="margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span style='color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'>流行性感冒(简称流感),是由流感病毒感染引起的一种急性呼吸道疾病,在全球范围内广泛传播,人群普遍易感。</span></h3><h3 style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'>流感病毒有甲、乙、丙、丁四种类型,目前感染人的主要有甲型流感H1N1、H3N2亚型,和乙型流感中的乙型山形系和维多利亚系,同一个人可以多次感染不同亚型的流感病毒</span></h3><p style="margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><br></p></span><h1 style="margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span style='font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><strong>二、流行性感冒的临床症状及特点?</strong></span></h1><h1 style="margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span style='color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'></span><br></h1> <h3 align="justify" style="margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 16.8pt; -ms-word-break: break-all; -ms-text-justify: inter-ideograph; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'><strong>(1)起病急骤:</strong></span><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>主要以发热、头痛、肌痛和全身不适起病。</span></h3><h3 align="justify" style="margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 16.8pt; -ms-word-break: break-all; -ms-text-justify: inter-ideograph; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'><strong>(2)常伴高热:</strong></span><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>体温可高达39-40℃。</span></h3><h3 align="justify" style="margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 16.8pt; -ms-word-break: break-all; -ms-text-justify: inter-ideograph; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'><strong>(3)全身症状比较重:</strong></span><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>如头痛、肌肉酸痛、周身乏力、食欲下降等症状明显,也常有咽喉肿痛、干咳等。</span></h3><h3 align="justify" style="margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 16.8pt; -ms-word-break: break-all; -ms-text-justify: inter-ideograph; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'><strong>(4)传染性强,并发症多:</strong></span><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>常见的并发症有肺炎、病毒性心肌炎和神经系统感染。如果不及时治疗,可能危及生命。</span></h3><h3 align="justify" style="margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 16.8pt; -ms-word-break: break-all; -ms-text-justify: inter-ideograph; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'><strong>值得注意的是感染乙型流感的儿童,会出现呕吐、腹痛、腹泻等消化道症状。</strong></span></h3> <h1 align="justify" style="margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 16.8pt; -ms-word-break: break-all; -ms-text-justify: inter-ideograph; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'><strong>三、流行性感冒的传染源?</strong></span></h1><h3 align="justify" style="margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 16.8pt; -ms-word-break: break-all; -ms-text-justify: inter-ideograph; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>传染源:主要为流感患者和隐形感染者。</span></h3><h1 align="justify" style="margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 16.8pt; -ms-word-break: break-all; -ms-text-justify: inter-ideograph; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'><strong>四、流行性感冒的传播途径?</strong></span></h1><h3 align="justify" style="margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 16.8pt; -ms-word-break: break-all; -ms-text-justify: inter-ideograph; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>通过空气中的飞沫、患者分泌物或与被污染的物品的接触传播。</span></h3><h1 align="justify" style="margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 16.8pt; -ms-word-break: break-all; -ms-text-justify: inter-ideograph; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'><strong>五、流行性感冒的易感人群?</strong></span></h1><h3 align="justify" style="margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 16.8pt; -ms-word-break: break-all; -ms-text-justify: inter-ideograph; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>人群对流感病毒普遍易感。</span></h3><h1 align="justify" style="margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 16.8pt; -ms-word-break: break-all; -ms-text-justify: inter-ideograph; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'><strong>六、哪些症状提示重症流感?</strong></span></h1><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'><h3 align="justify" style="margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 16.8pt; -ms-word-break: break-all; -ms-text-justify: inter-ideograph; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'><font face="宋体">(</font>1)持续高热大于3天,伴剧烈咳嗽、咳脓痰、血痰或胸痛;</span></h3><h3 align="justify" style="margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 16.8pt; -ms-word-break: break-all; -ms-text-justify: inter-ideograph; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'><font face="宋体">(</font>2)呼吸频率增快,呼吸困难,口唇紫绀;</span></h3><h3 align="justify" style="margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 16.8pt; -ms-word-break: break-all; -ms-text-justify: inter-ideograph; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'><font face="宋体">(</font>3)反应迟钝、嗜睡、躁动、惊厥;</span></h3><h3 align="justify" style="margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 16.8pt; -ms-word-break: break-all; -ms-text-justify: inter-ideograph; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'><font face="宋体">(</font>4)严重呕吐、腹泻,出现脱水表现;</span></h3><h3 align="justify" style="margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 16.8pt; -ms-word-break: break-all; -ms-text-justify: inter-ideograph; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'><font face="宋体">(</font>5)合并肺炎;</span></h3><h3 align="justify" style="margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 16.8pt; -ms-word-break: break-all; -ms-text-justify: inter-ideograph; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'><font face="宋体">(</font>6)原有基础疾病明显加重。</span></h3><h3 align="justify" style="margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 16.8pt; -ms-word-break: break-all; -ms-text-justify: inter-ideograph; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><br></h3></span><h3 align="justify" style="margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 16.8pt; -ms-word-break: break-all; -ms-text-justify: inter-ideograph; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><br></h3> <h1 style="margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span style='font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><strong>七、如何区分普通感冒和流感?</strong></span></h1> <h3 style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'><strong>普通感冒</strong></span><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'><strong>,</strong>多由鼻病毒引起,也可由副流感病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒等引起。</span><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>以上呼吸道症状为主</span><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>,初期</span><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>可有咽干、咽痒或烧灼感,最明显的是鼻塞、流涕、打喷嚏,一般不发热,或者是中低热,</span><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>全身症状相对比较轻</span><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>,</span><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 0.25pt; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>对体力、食欲影响小。自然病程一般是5~7天即可痊愈,并发症少见。</span></h3> <h1><strong>八、如何预防流感?</strong></h1> <h3 style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'>1、养成良好的卫生习惯:常洗手、勤洗澡、早晚刷牙、饭后漱口、不共用毛巾和洗漱用品。</span></h3><span style='font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><h3 style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'>口腔中的细菌有利于滋生流感病毒,所以要仔细刷牙,保持口腔清洁。</span></h3></span> <h3 style="margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span style='font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'>2、加强体育锻炼,有足够的休息时间,提高免疫力。</span></h3><span style='font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><h3 style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'>远离流感,最重要的是保持身体健康,所以一定要加强锻炼,好好吃饭,好好睡觉,不要熬夜,提高免疫力哟!</span></h3></span> <h3 style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'>3、饮食均衡,多喝白开水,适当吃水果。</span></h3> <h3 style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'>4、在公共场合需要佩戴口罩</span></h3><span style='font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><h3 style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'>戴口罩可以防止病毒扩散,另外还可以防止喉咙干燥,具有保湿效果哟!</span></h3></span> <h3 style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'>5、打喷嚏或咳嗽时需要掩住口鼻,避免交叉感染。</span></h3><span style='font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><h3 style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'>如果没有带面巾或手帕,应该用自己的手臂遮住口鼻,避免病毒扩散。</span></h3></span> <h3 style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'>6、如有不适,需要及时就医。</span></h3><h3 style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'>一旦出现发热或流感症状,需要及时到医院就诊。</span></h3><h3 style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'>如果患了流感,应及时采取隔离措施,隔离至退热后48小时。</span></h3> <h3 style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'>7、流感疫苗是预防流感最有效的手段,从10月份开始是接种流感疫苗的最佳季节,年龄在6月龄以上所有愿意接种且无禁忌症者均可自愿自费接种流感疫苗。</span></h3><span style='font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><h3 style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'>注意:并不是说接种了流感疫苗,就一定不会再患流行性感冒哟,不过,接种疫苗后不会使病情加重!</span></h3></span>