v_learn-1801-196owen茶文化总结

厚沐家庭英语||AMY果果妈

一、历史文化Historical culture

中国是茶的故乡，中国人发现并利用茶

China is the home of tea. Chinese people discover and use tea.

据说始于神农时代，少说也有4700多年了。

It is said that it began in the Shennong era, at least for more than 4,700 years.

直到现在，中国各族人还有喝茶的习俗。

Until now, people of all ethnic groups in China still have the custom of drinking tea.

中国茶文化是中国制茶、饮茶的文化。

Chinese tea culture is the culture of making and drinking tea in China.

作为开门七件事（柴米油盐酱醋茶）之一

As one of the seven things to open the door (firewood, rice, oil, salt, soy sauce, vinegar and tea)

，饮茶在古代中国是非常普遍的。

Tea drinking was very common in ancient China.

中国的茶文化与欧美或日本的茶文化的分别很大。

Tea culture in China is very different from that in Europe, America or Japan.

中华茶文化源远流长，博大精深，不但包含物质文化层面，还包含深厚的精神文明层次。

Chinese tea culture has a long history, extensive and profound, which includes not only the material cultural level, but also the profound level of spiritual civilization.

唐代陆羽背誉为茶圣。

Lu Yubei in Tang Dynasty was praised as a tea saint.

从此，茶的精神深入中国的诗词、绘画、书法、宗教、医学。

Since then, the spirit of tea has penetrated into Chinese poetry, painting, calligraphy, religion and medicine.

几千年来中国不但积累了大量关于茶叶种植、生产的物质文化、更积累了丰富的有关茶的精神文化，这就是中国特有的茶文化

For thousands of years, China has not only accumulated a lot of material culture about tea cultivation and production, but also accumulated a wealth of spiritual culture about tea, which is the tea culture with Chinese characteristics.

种茶、饮茶不等于有了茶文化，仅是茶文化形成的前提条件，还必须有文人的参与和文化的内涵。唐代陆羽所著《茶经》系统的总结了唐代以及唐以前茶叶生产，饮用的经验，提出了精行俭德的茶道精神。陆羽和皎然等一批文化人非常重视茶的精神享受和道德规范，讲究饮茶用具、饮茶用水和煮茶艺术，并与儒、道、佛哲学思想交融，而逐渐使人们进入他们的精神领域。在一些士大夫和文人雅士的饮茶过程中，还创作了很多茶诗，仅在《全唐诗》中，流传至今的就有百余位诗人的四百余首，从而奠定中国茶文化的基础。茶叶，为中国茶坛大放异彩。

二、制茶的过程The Process of Tea Making

A\picking up tea leaves

B\withering

C\rolling

D\fully fermented(fermented：Put the dough in a warm environment for a long time and it will ferment.)

E\drying

rid dling除草

sterilizing消毒[ˈsterəlaɪzɪŋ

pulverizing粉碎[ˈpʌlvəraɪzɪŋ]

filling填满

packaging包装

inspecting检查All commodities must be inspected before they leave the factory.

三、Let's watch a documentary about Xinyang Maojian's production process.

信阳毛尖是一种著名的绿茶，在河南信阳生产，所以叫信阳毛尖

Xinyang Maojian is a famous green tea produced in Xinyang, Henan Province, so it is called Xinyang Maojian.

它是用嘴嫩的叶子和叶芽制作的

It is made of fresh leaves and buds.

https://www.bilibili.com/video/av22362117/

Procedure 1, killing green

Preliminary winnowing

Screening level

Rubbing

Stir fried green pot

Cooked pot handmade arrangement

四、关于茶壶的文化On the Culture of Teapots

Materials are an important consideration when buying a teapot.

Ceramic, porcelain, and earthenware are all common materials, but teapots can also be made from metal, glass, stone, and wood购买茶壶时，材料是一个重要的考虑因素。陶瓷、瓷器和陶器都是常用材料，但茶壶也可以由金属、玻璃、石头和木头制成。

Teapots are vessels used to brew tea in before pouring it into cups for individual consumption. Teapots may be used to brew black teas, herbal teas, green teas, or any number of specialty teas. They come in an almost limitless array of shapes, sizes, and materials. Teapots should be distinguished from tea kettles, as the former is used exclusively for steeping tea and the latter is used for heating water..茶壶是一种容器，用于在将茶倒入杯子中供个人饮用之前冲泡茶。茶壶可以用来冲泡红茶、花草茶、绿茶或任何数量的特种茶。它们有着几乎无限的形状、尺寸和材料。茶壶应与茶壶区别开来，前者专门用来泡茶，后者用来烧水。

Different teapot materials lend themselves to different types of teas. Oolong tea, a tea midway between green and black teas, is best brewed in an Yixing teapot, a special type of clay teapot produced in the Jiangsu province of China. Most black teas are best brewed in stoneware teapots rather than teapots made of metals or porcelain. Some of the incredibly dark Indian teas are best suited to metal teapots of iron or silver. Lighter teas such as herbal infusions and green teas work well with porcelain teapots

Lighter teas such as herbal infusions and green teas work well with porcelain teapots. Some of the most beautiful and carefully crafted teapots in the world are a Japanese variety known as tetsubin.

The shape of a brown betty allows for the tea leaves to swirl when water is poured into the teapot, creating a wonderful infusion. Glass teapots have gained popularity in the last fifty years because of their ability to be used for drastically different types of tea without retaining flavor.

•棕色贝蒂的形状允许茶叶在水倒入茶壶时旋转，创造出一种美妙的输液效果。玻璃茶壶在过去的五十年里已经很受欢迎了，因为它们能够在不保留香味的情况下用于各种不同类型的茶。

Earl Grey tea is the quintessential[ˌkwɪntɪˈsenʃl] 典型的;English tea, and it is indeed often served at tea and other social events in Britain.

不同的茶叶

These kinds of tea are mainly classified according to the degree of fermentation, in fact, the process is different.

游戏：做茶叶

Oxidation :is a process in which a chemical substance changes because of the addition of oxygen.

1\let's use some crepe pappers,Cut the paper into pieces .

now,the crepe papper is ripped to bits.

2\then pick only leaves and a bud.

3\remove as much moisture as possible form the tea

4\put leaves info roller machines which twist,turn and break it.lets use the hole punch. pretend it can twist,turn and break it

5\oxidation: leaf is oxidise by exposing to air in large tray till it eventually(最后) turns Black

6\drying:leaf is exposed to hot air from air blowers

以下来自max妈妈，送上我的敬仰和感谢！！！

水的三种形态Three forms of water

I will draw a table with three columns with hiding of solid,liquid and gas.A liquid changes shape. And flows at certain temperature. A solid does not true shape. Gas flows and does not has his own shape at any given temperature. Gases can take the shape of their containers. Sort items of either liquid solid or gas.

五、Tea Words and phrases

Tea breaks are when tea and biscuits are served. The traditional time for tea breaks are at 11:00 am (Elevenses) and 4 pm in the afternoon.

High tea also means the afternoon tea.

Usually in more formal business meetings, there will be tea break.But the World Robot conference does not offer tea breaks 。

Coffee

Coffee is now as popular in Britain as tea is. People either drink it with milk or have it black and either a cup of bitter have freshly- made coffee or instant coffee.

Coffee is full of caffeine, used to relieve fatigue,fəˈtiːɡ] （refresh oneself）

but can also cause insomnia[ɪnˈsɑːmniə] , so children are not suitable for coffee.

很少喝茶，百度了一下，中国六大茶的区别如下，主要包括工艺、滋味的不同：

绿茶：又称不发酵茶。以适宜茶树新梢为原料，经杀青、揉捻、干燥等典型工艺过程制成的茶叶。其干茶色泽和冲泡后的茶汤、叶底以绿色为主调而得名。

绿茶的特性，较多的保留了鲜叶内的天然物质。其中茶多酚、咖啡碱保留鲜叶的85%以上，叶绿素保留50%左右，维生素损失也较少，从而形成了绿茶“清汤绿叶，滋味收敛性强”的特点。最新科学研究结果表明，绿茶中保留的天然物质成分，对防衰老、防癌、抗癌、杀菌、消炎等均有特殊效果，为其他茶类所不及。

红茶：以适宜制作本品的茶树新芽叶为原料，经萎凋、揉捻、发酵、干燥等典型工艺过程精制而成。红茶的干茶色泽与冲泡的茶汤以红色为主调。

红茶在加工过程中发生了化学反应，鲜叶中的化学成分变化较大，茶多酚减少90%以上，产生了茶黄素、茶黄素的新的成分。香气物质从鲜叶中的50多种，增至300多种，一部分咖啡碱、儿茶素和茶黄素络合成滋味鲜美的络合物，从而形成了红茶、红汤、红叶和香甜味醇的品质特征。

青茶：也称乌龙茶、半发酵茶，以适宜制作本品的茶树新芽叶为原料，通过萎凋、摇青、半发酵、烘焙等工序精制而成。，终于制出了品质优异的茶类新品——乌龙茶。安溪也就成了乌龙茶的著名茶乡了。

乌龙茶综合了绿茶和红茶的制法，品质介于二者之间，既有红茶的浓鲜味，又有绿茶的清芬香，所以有“绿叶红镶边”的美誉。饮后齿颊留香，回味甘鲜。乌龙茶的药用作用，主要突出在分解脂肪、减肥健美等方面。在日本，乌龙茶被称为“美容茶”、“健美茶”。

黄茶：在炒青绿茶的过程中，人们发现，由于杀青、揉捻后干燥不足或不及时，叶色即变黄，于是产生了新的品类之一（黄茶）。黄茶的制作与绿茶有相似之处，不同点是多一道闷堆工序。这个闷堆过程，是黄茶制法的主要特点，也是它同绿茶的基本区别。绿茶是不发酵的，而黄茶是属于发酵茶类。

白茶

白茶，属轻微发酵茶，是我国茶类中的特殊珍品。因其成品茶多为芽头，满披白毫，如银似雪而得名。白茶的历史悠久，其清雅芳名的出现，迄今已有八百八十余年了。它的主要品种有白牡丹、白毫银针。

白茶的制作工艺，一般分为萎凋、干燥两道工序，而其关键是在于萎凋。萎凋分为室内萎凋和室外萎凋两种。要根据气候灵活掌握，以春秋晴天或夏季不闷热的晴朗天气，采取室内萎凋或复式萎凋为佳。其精制工艺是在剔除梗、片、蜡叶、红张、暗张之后，以文火进行烘焙至足干，只宜以火香衬托茶香，待水分含量为4～5%时，趁热装箱。白茶制法的特点是既不破坏酶的活性，又不促进氧化作用，且保持毫香显现，汤味鲜爽。

黑茶

黑茶，在鲜叶选料、工艺流程和对其色泽、品质的要求上，都具有其独特的标准与风味，形成了同其它茶类不同，独占一个“黑”字的茶类。

绿色的鲜茶叶，是经过何种制作工序变成黑茶的呢？最早的黑茶是由四川生产的，由绿毛茶经蒸压而成的边销茶。四川的茶叶要运输到西北地区，由于交通不便，运输困难，必须减少体积，蒸压成团块。在加工成团块的工程中，要经过二十多天的湿性堆积，所以毛茶的色泽由绿逐渐变黑。成品团块茶叶的色泽为黑褐色，并形成了茶品的独特风味，这既是黑茶之由来。

黑茶的采摘标准多为一芽五至六叶，叶粗梗长。其制作基本工艺流程是高温杀青、揉捻、堆积做色、干燥。由于黑茶一般原料较粗老，加之制造过程中往往堆积发酵时间较长，因而夜色黝黑或黑褐，故称黑茶。黑茶因产区和工艺上的差别，由湖南黑茶、湖北老青茶、四川边茶和滇桂黑茶之分。而其中云南黑茶是用滇青毛茶经潮水沤堆发酵后干燥而成，统称其为普洱茶。普洱散茶是黑茶类中，独具浓醇陈香的品种。

打卡

周末捡椰叶子，做了一堆叶子画

下午及晚上计划完成的都做到了，拆了俩盲盒，超级高兴的宝和妈，😄