手足口病的预防知识

小唐

<h3 style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 1.5pt; font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 12.5pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>一场秋雨一场寒。随着秋天的到来,天气干燥、日渐寒冷,各类传染病又进入了新一轮的活跃期。秋季,正是幼儿手足口病的高发季节,爸爸妈妈们一定要做好手足口病的预防措施哦!</span></h3><h3 style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 1.5pt; font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 12.5pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>以下内容,相信可以帮助你们解答关于手足口病的疑问!</span></h3><h1 style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 1.5pt; font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 12.5pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'><strong>一、什么是手足口病?</strong></span></h1><h3 style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 1.5pt; font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 12.5pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>手足口病是由肠道病毒引起的常见急性传染病,多发生于学龄前儿童,尤以5岁以下儿童发病率最高。</span></h3><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 1.5pt; font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 12.5pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 1.5pt; font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 12.5pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'><h1 style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 1.5pt; font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 12.5pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'><strong>二、手足口病的主要症状?</strong></span></h1><h3 style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 1.5pt; font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 12.5pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>主要表现为手、足、口腔、臀部等部位的斑丘疹、疱疹;同时可伴有:发热、咳嗽、流涕、食欲不振、恶心、呕吐和头疼等症状;</span></h3><h3 style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 1.5pt; font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 12.5pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>少数患儿可出现脑膜炎、心肌炎、肺炎等并发症,个别患儿可死于并发症。</span></h3><font color="#333333"></font></span><font color="#333333"></font></span> <h1><strong>三、<span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 1.5pt; font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 12.5pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>手足口病的传播途径?</span></strong></h1><h3 style="margin: 0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 1.5pt; font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 12.5pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'><font face="微软雅黑">传播途径—</font>主要是<strong>粪-口</strong>途径</span></h3><h3 style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 1.5pt; font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 12.5pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'><strong>密切接触传播</strong>:病毒可通过唾液、疱疹液、粪便等污染的手、毛巾、手绢、牙杯、玩具、食具、奶具以及床上用品、内衣等引起间接接触传播。</span><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 1.5pt; font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 12.5pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'><br></span><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 1.5pt; font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 12.5pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'><strong>空气飞沫传播:</strong>患者咽喉分泌物及唾液中的病毒可通过飞沫传播;</span><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 1.5pt; font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 12.5pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'><br></span><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 1.5pt; font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 12.5pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'><strong>经水、食物传播</strong>:如食入被病毒污染的水、食物,亦可感染。</span></h3><h1 style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 1.5pt; font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 12.5pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'><strong>四、手足口病皮疹的 “三个四”?</strong></span></h1><h3 style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 1.5pt; font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 12.5pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'><strong>“四部曲”</strong>:主要侵犯手、足、口、臀四个部位。</span></h3><h3 style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 1.5pt; font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 12.5pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>“<strong>四不像</strong>”:不像蚊虫咬、不像药物疹、不像口唇牙龈疱疹、不像水痘。</span></h3><h3 style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 1.5pt; font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 12.5pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'><strong>”四不特征”</strong>:不痛、不痒、不结痂、不结疤。</span></h3><h1 style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 1.5pt; font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 12.5pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'><strong>五、手足口病的特点?</strong></span></h1><h3 style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 1.5pt; font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 12.5pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>1、手足口病分布广泛,无明显的地区性;<br>2、四季均可发病,以夏秋季高发;<br>3、流行期间,幼儿园和托幼机构易发生集体感染,家庭也亦可发生聚集发病现象;<br>4、该病传染性强,传播途径复杂,在短时间内可造成较大规模流行。<br></span></h3><h1 style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 1.5pt; font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 12.5pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'><strong>六、得了手足口病后能不能上学?</strong></span></h1><h3 style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 1.5pt; font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 12.5pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>得了手足口病后<strong>不能</strong>回校上学,要隔离治疗。</span></h3><h3 style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 1.5pt; font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 12.5pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>注意:隔离期小孩最好留在家里,避免同其他儿童接触,不应到公共场所和人多的地方。</span></h3><h1 style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 1.5pt; font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 12.5pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'><strong>七、隔离的患儿什么时候可以回校?</strong></span></h1><h3 style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 1.5pt; font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 12.5pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'></span><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 1.5pt; font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 12.5pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>解除隔离时间:通常要手足口病的症状消失后或自发病之日起2周(7-14天),可经过当地的医院、社区卫生服务机构的医生核实,开具健康证明才能复课。</span></h3><h1 style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 1.5pt; font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 12.5pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'><strong>八、怎么做好预防控制措施?</strong></span><span style='background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-transform: none; letter-spacing: 1.5pt; font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 12.5pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt; mso-shading: rgb(255, 255, 255);'><br></span></h1> 洗净手、喝开水、吃熟食、勤通风、晒衣被<br> <h3>手足口病传播途径多。婴幼儿和儿童普遍易感。做好儿童个人、家庭和托幼机构的卫生是预防本病感染的关键,要保持居室、教室的良好通风。<br></h3> <h3>手足口病流行期间不宜带儿童到人群聚集、空气流通差的公共场所,注意保持家庭环境卫生,居室要经常通风,勤晒衣被。</h3> <h3>饭前、便后、外出后要用肥皂或洗手液等给儿童洗手,教育指导儿童养成正确洗手的习惯;不要让儿童喝生水、吃生冷食物;避免接触患病儿童。</h3> <h3>如果家里有孩子得了手足口病,轻症患儿不必住院,宜居家治疗、休息,以减少交叉感染。</h3> <h3>不要接触其他儿童;父母要及时对患儿的衣物进行晾晒或消毒;对患儿粪便及时进行消毒处理。</h3> <h3>可采用以下方法消毒:玩具、餐具、毛巾等物品用50度以上的热水浸泡30分钟或者煮沸3分钟。<br></h3> <h1 style="text-align: center;">看护人接触儿童前、替幼童更换尿布、处理粪便后均要洗手,并妥善处理污物。</h1>