厨房游戏备课

James‘ mommy

Mom: Let's lay them all out and I will tell you the names of each one and what they are used for.

妈妈：咱们把它们摆好，然后我告诉你每一个都叫什么，都是干什么用的。



From the left side to the right side we have:

从左到右是：

(1) A whisk 搅拌器 [wɪsk]

– we use this to mix ingredients together

我们用它把原料搅合在一起



or for mixing eggs up to make scrambled eggs

或者打鸡蛋，做炒鸡蛋 (2) A chef's knife 厨师刀

– we use this knife to cut fruit and vegetables

我们用这个刀切水果和蔬菜

(3) A spoon 勺子

– to eat with

吃东西用



(4) A fork 叉子

- to eat with

吃东西用



(5) A dinner knife 餐刀

– to cut your food up to eat

用来切东西吃

(6) A ladle 汤勺

– to serve soup

用来盛汤

Serve这个词，指的是将饭菜盛好、上桌，我们认为和中文的“盛”是比较对应的。但是，get这个万能动词用来翻译这里的“盛”更常见。你能给我盛点米饭吗，用Could you get / serve me some rice, please? Get比较随意，serve比较正式。

(7) A spatula 铲子

– to lift and move food from and around the pan

用来把食物盛起来和在锅里翻动



(8) A masher 捣碎器
['mæʃə]
– to make food soft like mashed potatoes

用来把食物弄软，比如土豆泥

(9) A cleaver knife 剁肉刀

– for cutting meat

用来切肉

(10) A slotted [ˈslɒtɪd] spoon 漏勺

– for scooping [ˈskuːpɪŋ] things out of liquid like an egg out of boiling water

用来从汤水里捞东西，比如从开水里捞鸡蛋

Then you have your little kitchen.

然后是你的小厨房。 It has 1 burner (3), each with its own temperature knob (4) and a pot (2) and a pan (1).

它有两个灶眼，每个各有一个温度调节旋钮、一个煮锅和一个煎锅。

kettle [ˈketl] 水壶

We use for boiling water

induction cooker 电磁炉

Child: Here you go.

宝宝：给您。



Now I will make you dinner.

现在我要给您做晚饭了。



Mom: Great! What are you going to cook for me now?

妈妈：很好！你现在要给我做什么呀？



Child: I will make you some chicken, mashed potatoes, and green beans.

宝宝：我给您做鸡肉、土豆泥和豆角。





Let's use the oven to roast the chicken.

咱们用这个烤箱来烤鸡。





I am going to use my masher to make the potatoes all mushy and cook the beans in the pot.

我要用我的捣碎器把土豆打得烂烂的，然后用这个锅煮豆角。





I can scoop them out of the hot water with the slotted spoon.

我可以用漏勺把它们从热水里盛出来。





Mom: This is delicious, thank you.

妈妈：很好吃，谢谢你。



You did a great job using all your new kitchen utensils.

你用这些厨具用得很好。

此处备课主要是给妈妈自己看的。

Mom: Let's do the pork first -- that's the Boston butt
妈妈：咱们先弄猪肉 – 前臀尖，

so we can let Daddy get started on that.
这样爸爸可以先烤它。

He's going to use the grill to smoke it.
他要用烧烤炉熏烤它。
烧烤分为三种，grilling是煎烧，用明火，温度很高，smoking和barbecuing是熏烤，要盖上盖子，长时间、缓慢、低温间接烤制，smoking的温度比barbecuing低。下文介绍了smoking和grilling这两种方法。



Child: Okay. What shall we do first?
宝宝：好的。咱们先怎么做呢？

Mom: We're just going to unwrap it.
妈妈：我们把它打开就行了。
因为之前是wrap-包起来的，因此打开用unwrap。

Let's put the dry rub on it.
咱们把调料抹上。



Put a decent amount in your hand
放适量在手上，

and pat it onto the meat
在肉上拍一拍，

until it's covered.
直到拍满了。

Looks good.
看着还不错。

I will put it on a plate
我把它放到一个盘子里，



and why don't you take this out to Daddy?
然后你把它拿出去给爸爸吧。

Child: Okay.
宝宝：好的。

Mom: Thanks.
妈妈：谢谢。

Daddy's going to put it on the grill
爸爸会把它放到烧烤炉上，

and close the lid
把盖子盖上，



so it's enclosed and "smoked".
这样它就封闭起来了，就能“熏烤”了。

Child: Okay!
宝宝：好的！

Mom: I'll get the brisket unwrapped while you take the butt out.
妈妈：你把前臀尖拿出去的时候，我会把胸脯肉打开。

Daddy will aim to cook it
爸爸会一直烤它，

until it reaches 190℉/88℃.
直到达到190华氏度/88摄氏度。

He will need a meat thermometer.
他需要一个烤肉温度计。



We'll add sauce later after it's cooked and on the table.
烤熟放到餐桌上以后咱们再加酱汁。

Child: I can't wait to try it.
宝宝：我迫不及待地想吃了。

Mom: Just so you know,
妈妈：再给你讲讲，

if he was just grilling hamburgers,
如果他烤汉堡，
Grill作名词指烧烤炉，作动词指煎烧，即明火烤。




he would not close the lid
他不会盖盖，

and he would rotate the burgers until they were cooked properly with some tongs.
他会用夹子一直翻汉堡，直到烤熟。
Tongs-夹子有左右两部分，所以一定要用复数，就像scissors-剪子一样。




Next week, we'll ask Daddy if he'd like to grill steaks or burgers.
下星期，咱们问问爸爸想不想烤牛排和汉堡。

He'll need his tongs
他需要烤肉夹，

and he'll need to clean the grill with his wire brush.
还需要用钢丝刷把烧烤炉擦干净。



Child: Okay, can I help him grill?
宝宝：好的，我能帮他烤吗？

Mom: I think that's a great idea.
妈妈：我觉得可以呀。

You can learn how to grill.
你可以学学怎么烤。

Why don't you go ask him about it?
你去问问他吧。

主要是自己了解。

Cooking and Cutting

烹饪和刀工


I. Kinds of Cutting 切菜方式




1. Cut into chunks 切大块

Cut the potato into chunks.

把土豆切成大块。

This is a plate of potato chunks.

这是一盘土豆块。





2. Cube 切小块

Cube the potatoes.

把土豆切成小块。

This is a plate of cubed potatoes.

这是一盘土豆块。

如果这盘土豆只用了一个土豆，用potato的单数形式。





3. Dice 切丁

Dice the potatoes.

把土豆切成丁。

This is a plate of diced potatoes.

这是一盘土豆丁。

Dice比cube略小。





4. Slice 切片

Slice the potatoes.

把土豆切成片。

This is a plate of sliced potatoes.

这是一盘土豆片。





5. Julienne 切条[,dʒuːlɪ'en]

Julienne the potatoes.

把土豆切成条。

This is a plate of julienned potatoes.

这是一盘土豆条。

Julienne读作 [,dʒu:li'en]。





6. Shred 切丝

Shred就是用碎纸机粉碎文件的那个词，非常好记，因为大多数碎纸机粉碎出来的纸张也是一丝一丝的。





Shred the potatoes.

把土豆切成丝。

This is a plate of shredded potatoes.

这是一盘土豆丝。



西方人通常使用grater来擦丝，而不是用刀切丝。





7. Mince 切沫

Mince the garlic, onion, chili and pepper.

把蒜、洋葱、辣椒、青椒切成沫。

This is minced garlic, onion, chili and pepper.

这些是蒜沫、洋葱沫、辣椒沫和青椒沫。





8. Mash 做成泥

Mash the potato.

把这个土豆弄成泥。

This is a bowl of mashed potatoes.

这是一碗土豆泥。





II. Cooking Methods 烹饪方法




1. Pan-fry = fry 煎

Pan-fried cod fillet 煎鳕鱼

(1) Fry单独出现的时候，默认是pan-fry。
(2) Fillet读作 [fi'lei] 。





2. Sauté 爆炒

Sautéed sea cucumbers with scallion 葱爆海参

(1) Sauté读作 [səu'tei]。
(2) Scallion读作 ['skæliən]。
(3) 没有quick-fry这种说法。





3. Deep-fry 炸

Deep-fried meatballs 干炸丸子





4. Stir-fry 炒

Stir-fried rice noodles with beef 干炒牛河

河粉是米粉，英文叫rice noodles。





5. Steam 蒸

Steamed ribs with taro 芋头蒸排骨

Taro读作 ['tærəu]。





6. Boil 大火煮

Sliced boiled chicken 白切鸡





7. Poach 小火煮

Poached seasonal vegetables 白灼时蔬





8. Stew / Simmer 炖

Stewed beef brisket with tomatoes 番茄炖牛腩

(1) Stew读作 [stju:]。
(2) 描述方法时，用simmer，但描述结果时，用stew，所以菜单上出现的通常是stewed。





9. Braise 先煎后炖、焖、烧

Braised pork in soy sauce 红烧肉





10. Roast 用烤箱、烤炉烤

Roast duck 烤鸭

Roast可以作形容词，因此不用加ed。





11. Bake 用烤箱烤

Baked potatoes 烤土豆





Baked ham with honey glaze 蜜汁烤火腿



Bake的温度比roast低。甜点通常用bake，但bake也可以用于蔬菜和肉类。

12. Grill 在烤肉架上烤

Grilled steak 烤牛排





13. Barbecue 盖上烤肉箱烤

Whole barbecued chicken 烤整鸡



Barbecue也作为烧烤、烤肉这项活动的统称。

14. Smoke 熏

Smoked dried tofu 熏干





15. Blanch 焯

Blanch the spinach before you stir-fry it.

炒菠菜之前焯一下。





16. Marinate 卤

Marinated goose heads 卤水鹅头





17. Pickle 腌

Pickled sweet garlic 糖蒜



不用preserved sweet garlic，preserve-保存，是目的，pickle-腌制、air dry-风干，才是具体的方法。在西方，pickle作名词特指酸黄瓜，但是中国的各种咸菜，都可以用pickle的过去式pickled后面加原料的方式翻译。

18. Dry 使......干

Dried sausages 干肠