[1bFT-1] 【铁路博物馆】2020年7月30日 Day116-双语工程1906期266号Emma (201609)

1906期266号朱思妍Emma

【FT博物馆系列】- 上海铁路博物馆 Shanghai railway museum

上海铁路博物馆于2004年8月建成开放，现为上海市科普教育基地。展示从十九世纪六、七十年代铁路进入中国后，上海及华东铁路一百多年来所走过的历程，突出反映铁路生产力的变化、发展。馆内分6个部分，有50余个展项，近千件展品。内有珍贵的铁路老设备、老器材和历史图片。

A train is a set of vehicles on a railway.

火车是在铁轨上行驶的一种交通工具。

Often, people refer to the ones that carry passengers as Coaches or Carriages.

通常人们把火车上载客的部分称为车厢。

A place where a train stops to let people get on and off is called a railway station.

火车停下来让人们上下车的地方叫做火车站。

Early trains used horse power and ran on wooden or iron tracks.

早期的火车使用马力，在木制或铁制轨道上行驶。

The first steam trains were built in England in the early 19th century.

19世纪初，英国建造了第一列蒸汽火车。

Trains contain the prime mover (either locomotive or motor unit) and one or more cars.

火车包括原动机（机车或电动机）和一节或多节车厢。

The railway engine (the first car of the train) pulls the cars along the track.

火车的发动机（火车的第一节车厢）沿着轨道拉动车厢。

Some trains look like a special bus that can only drive on rails.

有些火车看起来像只能在轨道上行驶的特殊公共汽车。

Trains are used to carry people, as well as cargo, such as fuel, imported or exported goods, and so on.

火车不仅用来运送乘客，也用来运送货物，如燃料、进出口货物等。

All About Trains: Earlier trains were steam engine trains.

In the early 1800s, Richard Trevithick attached a steam engine to a carriage. His boss made a bet that he could haul ten tons of iron along a road with his steam engine. Richard succeeded!

在19世纪早期，理查德·特里维西克在马车上安装了一台蒸汽机。他的老板打赌说他可以用他的蒸汽机沿着公路拖十吨的铁。理查德成功!

Not long after, the first steam locomotives were invented. People used steam engines to propel boats, carriages and wagons on tracks, which led to the development of the first trains.

不久之后，第一辆蒸汽机车被发明了。人们使用蒸汽机在轨道上推动船、马车和货车，这导致了第一批火车的发展。

Of course, trains couldn’t run unless they had tracks. People started building tracks across the United States. In the 1860s, railroad companies built tracks from New York City to California.

当然，火车如果没有轨道就不能运行。人们开始在美国各地修建铁路。19世纪60年代，铁路公司修建了从纽约到加利福尼亚的铁路。

People could travel all the way across the country. Trains changed the way people lived. They could get fresh food that was grown far away. They could work in the city and live in the country.

人们可以在全国各地旅行。火车改变了人们的生活方式。他们可以得到生长在遥远地方的新鲜食物。他们可以在城市工作，在乡村生活。

Today, trains are fueled by electricity or diesel fuel.

今天，火车的燃料是电力或柴油。

💥Transportation:

Dear all, Today let’s take subway to the Shanghai railway museum.

Subway is a kind of train.

Yes, Emma, you are right.

Firstly, we get on the line 9, then we change to line 3 or line 4, when we arrive at Baoshan road, we get off the train and walk to the museum.

Let’s have a look on the map of Shanghai subway.

Can you find line 9, line 3 and line4?

Yes, that’s right.

上海铁路博物馆建在当时火车站（北站）的原址，有着5层楼的欧式风格。

💥 Buy Tickets

Look, we are here.

Wait me a moment, let me go to buy the ticket.

Here we can’t pay by WeChat or Alipay.

We need to pay cash, 10 yuan for an adult and 5 yuan for one child. One adult only can take one child in without charge.

买票是釆用“古老”的现金支付形式😊，幸亏出门时查了功略.

💥 Train in the yard:

Look, there are three trains in the yard. It looks quite different with the trains nowadays.

Those are all steamed trains.

Let’s look at this small train firstly, what color is this train? What color are the wheels.?

The train is black and the wheels are red.

Yes, its looking is the typical steamed train which invented in the 19th England.

进门先看到了一量小型蒸气火车模型。

这张照片太搞笑了，一个嘴歪，一个脸斜😅！

💥The locomotive: 火车头

The locomotive is the first car that powers the train and pulls the trailing cars along the tracks, carrying cargo to new locations.

On top of the locomotive is a chimney, which releases a large amount of smoke. Where is that smoke coming from?

The smoke you see is coming from a fire, of course! The steam engine inside the locomotive depends on the burning of coal in order to work. In fact, the most important parts of the engine are fire, coal, and water. 

Look, Can you find railway tracks and sleepers?

Yes, here.

There are some rocks between sleepers and tracks.

💥 How trains work

Here is a big train, it is a real train and renovated for the exhibition. Actually it is very very old.

Let’s go closer and see clearly.

We are standing beside the engine of the train, look, there is one car or carriage after it.

Inside here is a piston：

Piston is a part of an engine that consists of a cylinder汽缸 that fits inside a tube and moves up and down or backwards and forwards to make other parts of the engine move.

Can anyone of you tell me how does the steamed train work?

Firstly, they put coal in the fire box, coal can burn well for a long period of time.

It's used on trains to heat up a very large tank of water.

What happens when water heats up?

It turns into steam!

If you have ever seen a pot of boiling water, you probably know how much steam it can create.

In fact, if you leave a lid on the pot, it will pop off or whistle like a tea kettle.

Boiling water creates a lot of steam.

The steam is created in is called a boiler. The steam is then squeezed into a very small space and forced into a metal rod called a piston.

The steam is pushing so powerfully that it actually moves these pistons, which are connected to the wheels of the train.

The wheels start moving, and the pistons keep pumping!

If the pistons start to lose power, more coal is simply added to the fire to create more steam.

Then the train starts to run very very quickly.

• The train pictures. (Picture 1)
• The model of the bullet/Speed train. (Picture 2)
• The railway station staff. (Picture 3/4)

Look, Mom, he is telling something on the phone.

• Uniform, Stamp, Ticket punch plier . (Picture 1)
• Shoulder mark and Armband (Picture 2)
• Train tickets. (Picture 3)
• Pocket watch and badge. (Picture 4)

What’s this, Mom?

This is armband, if you work on a train or the railway station, you must wear uniform and the armband to show you are working here.

You put it on your upper arm.

东方号列车：

Railway crossing lights and railroad mark:

Big bells for train coming:

Railway tools:

Different kinds of train model:

📚铁路博物馆主要展现了火车和铁路的历史，比较适合小学生，不过老二虽小，也长了一些见识。里面不大，只有第一层开放，不过票价也便宜。个人觉得还是上海地铁博物馆互动项目多，更有趣！