20200415打卡D762万思乐学Vlearn小西妈双语工程1801期136号Damon

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20200415

D762

万思乐学

• 指读《flood!》

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1. A journalist is a person whose job is to collect news and write about it for newspapers, magazines, television, or radio. 新闻工作者
2. A reporter is someone who writes news articles or who broadcasts news reports. 记者
3. An electrician is a person who installs and maintains electrical equipment电工.
4. A welder/ˈwɛldə/ is a person whose job is welding metal. 焊接工
5. An actor or an actress pretends to be someone else in a film.
6. A judge is a public officer appointed to 被认命 decide cases in a law court.法庭
7. A chemist or a pharmacist prepares and sells medicines in a shop.药剂师
8. A cashier is someone who handles payments and recipes in a shop ,bank or business. Her workplace is open 24/7 (=24 hours a day, seven days a week.)
9. A plumber repairs radiators，散热器暖气片 Showers etc.
10. A nurse looks after patients. She does shift work值班 . She's on duty three nights a week. A nurse can also work in an old people's home.
11. A flight attendant is an airline employee, who serves meals, attends to passengers comfort, etc. During a flight.
12. A mechanic 技工works in a car factory. He does shift work.

athlete运动员

lumberjack伐木工人

handyman杂物工

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speaker演讲者

computer programmer程序员

gas station attendant加油站工作人员

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牛八《Flood!》拓展

明天把水坝的视频看掉

文字部分整理

1.What is a flood?

A flood is when the water level rises and covers land, which is usually dry. Low-lying areas near rivers and coasts are the most likely places experience flooding.

Some floods develop slowly, while others, such as flash floods, can develop in just a few minutes and without any signs of rain.

Floods can be local, impacting a neighbourhood or community, or very large, affecting entire river basins.

2.What Causes Flooding?

A flood occurs when a river bursts its banks and the water spills onto the floodplain.

Floods can be started by natural events, such as storms, prolonged rains, earthquakes, and even volcanic eruptions. Sometimes a flood can be the result of a human influence as well, such as a dam overflowing or water pipes bursting.

Flooding is usually caused by heavy rain; the faster the rainwater reaches the river channel, the more likely it is to flood.

The following factors may encourage flooding:

A steep-sided channel - a river channel surrounded by steep slopes causes fast surface run off (water that the soil is unable to absorb).

A lack of vegetation - trees and plants catch or drink water. If there is little vegetation, then excess water will be high.

A drainage basin - Drains and sewers take water quickly to the river channel. Houses with sloping roofs further increase the amount of surface run off

重点单词

• Floodplain – A floodplain is an area of land adjacent to a stream or river, and experiences flooding.
• Channel – A channel is landform following the path of a river or stream. Channels can be natural or human-made.
• Vegetation – The plants of an area or a region.
• Basin - A river basin is the land that water flows across or under on its way to a river.

3.Types of flood

There are 3 different types of floods: slow onset floods, fast onset floods and flash floods.

Slow onset floods are normally created by prolonged heavy rain. This long period of rain usually allows for plenty of warning time to prepare or evacuate areas, which will be affected by large amounts of water.

Fast onset floods occur when excessive rain or storm action happens in mountain headwaters of rivers. This can result in fast-moving floodwaters, which give little early warning to initial areas downstream.

Flash flooding is sudden fast moving floodwaters, which occur during storms when creeks and drains overflow with a sudden downpour. Dry river and creek beds in the outback also flood during heavy seasonal rains and storms.

4.The Impact of Flooding

Floods can cause devastating damage to homes and possessions. However, flooding can also have positive impacts on an area.

Flooding deposits fine silt onto the floodplain, making it very fertile and excellent for farming. People living on or near floodplains may rely upon regular flooding to help support their farming and therefore provide food.

6.Flood Prevention

• Dam construction - Dams are often built along the course of a river. Water is held back by the dam and released in a controlled way. This controls flooding. Water is usually stored in a reservoir behind the dam. This water can then be used to generate hydroelectric power, or for recreation purposes. Building a dam can be very expensive.
• River engineering - The river channel may be widened or deepened, allowing it to carry more water. The course of the river can also be altered, diverting floodwaters away.
• Afforestation - Trees are planted near to the river. This means greater interception of flood water.
• Managed flooding - The river is allowed to flood naturally in places, to prevent flooding in other areas.
• Planning - Local authorities introduce rules to control urban development near floodplains. This reduces the chance of flooding and the risk of damage to property.

Flood safety rules

• If flooding occurs, go to higher ground and avoid areas subject to flooding.
• Do not attempt to walk across flowing streams or drive through flooded roadways.
• If water rises in your home before you evacuate, go to the top floor, attic, or roof.
• Listen to a battery-operated radio for the latest storm information.
• Turn off all utilities at the main power switch and close the main gas valve if advised to do so.
• If you've come into contact with floodwaters, wash your hands with soap and disinfected water.

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