春季FT-生命科学-silkworms

木木成林

Day1：（2019.3.9）

Baby,I have a surprise for you.

宝贝，我有个惊喜要给你们。

Look baby silkworms!

看，蚕宝宝！

Actually, I'm scared of these worms. It looks really creepy.

其实，我是很害怕这些蠕虫的，看起来真是令人毛骨悚然。

Let's help the silkworms move into a new home。

我们去帮助这些蚕转移到新家。

Day5: （2019.3.14）

The silkworm's home it's very dirty. And leaves were wilt. We should clean their home.

蚕宝宝的家脏了，叶子也枯萎了。我们需要清理它们的家。

Removing their frass each day.

每天都需要清理它们的排泄物，便便。

Transfer the silkworm on to new leaves with your hands as opposed to (而不是)just letting them crawl over.

用你的手，把他们转移到新的叶子上，而不是让它们自己爬过去。

Leaves should be added at least once per day. And ideally 2-3times per day. Once in the morning, once at midday and once before bed.

叶子每天至少添加一次。最好是一天2~3次。早上一次，中午一次，睡觉前一次。

Day 7:（2019.3.16)

The silkworm's home it's very dirty. And leaves were wilt. We should clean their home.

蚕宝宝的家脏了，叶子也枯萎了。我们需要清理它们的家。

Removing their frass each day.

每天都需要清理它们的排泄物，便便。

Transfer the silkworm on to new leaves with your hands as opposed to (而不是)just letting them crawl over.

用你的手，把他们转移到新的叶子上，而不是让它们自己爬过去。

Leaves should be added at least once per day. And ideally 2-3times per day. Once in the morning, once at midday and once before bed.

叶子每天至少添加一次。最好是一天2~3次。早上一次，中午一次，睡觉前一次。

Maybe they're dormant, will be molting.

有可能它们在休眠，即将要蜕皮了。

Oh. Look ！The old skin. Can you see the old skin? Here.

噢，看，旧皮。你能看见旧皮吗？在这里。

They're really molting.This is the second time they're molting. They will be grow up.

它们真的在蜕皮。这是它们第2次蜕皮了。它们将会长大。

Each times it molts,it sheds the old skin and grows a larger one.

每蜕皮一次，它就会脱落旧皮，长出更大的皮。

Do you know what the color of their bodies is?

你知道它们的身体是什么颜色吗？

The color has become more and more white.

颜色会越来越白。

Look ,I place a piece of net over the box and place the leaves on top. The worms will crawl up through the net and onto the new leaves. Then we don't need to transfer each worm over when changing leaves.

你看，我在盒子上放了一张网，并在上面放了一些叶子。这些蚕会爬过网，爬到这些新叶子上。这样，我们在换叶子的时候就不用转移每一只蚕。

Wow! look ,the worms really can crawl up through the net and onto the new leaves.They are great!

哇哦，你看。这些蚕真的会爬过网，爬到这些新叶子上。它们太棒了。

After 22-35 days of looking after you worms, they will start to eat more mulberry leaves than over.

经过22到35天的照料之后。这些蚕会比之前吃更多的桑叶。

Soon after ,the silkworms will be ready to start cocooning.

不久之后，它们就会准备织茧了。

Look at these baby silkworms, I think they Grew up a little longer.

看这些蚕宝宝，我觉得它们长长了一点。

They all look up, and don't move, don't eat mulberry leaves. Do you know what they're doing?

他们都抬着头，然后不动，也不吃桑叶了。你知道它们在干什么吗？

Maybe they're dormant, will be molting.

有可能它们在休眠，即将要蜕皮了。

Oh. Look ！The old skin. Can you see the old skin? Here.

噢，看，旧皮。你能看见旧皮吗？在这里。

They're really molting.This is the second time they're molting. They will be grow up.

它们真的在蜕皮。这是它们第2次蜕皮了。它们将会长大。

Each times it molts,it sheds the old skin and grows a larger one.

每蜕皮一次，它就会脱落旧皮，长出更大的皮。

Do you know what the color of their bodies is?

你知道它们的身体是什么颜色吗？

The color has become more and more white.

颜色会越来越白。

Look ,I place a piece of net over the box and place the leaves on top. The worms will crawl up through the net and onto the new leaves. Then we don't need to transfer each worm over when changing leaves.

你看，我在盒子上放了一张网，并在上面放了一些叶子。这些蚕会爬过网，爬到这些新叶子上。这样，我们在换叶子的时候就不用转移每一只蚕。

Wow! look ,the worms really can crawl up through the net and onto the new leaves.They are great!

哇哦，你看。这些蚕真的会爬过网，爬到这些新叶子上。它们太棒了。

After 22-35 days of looking after you worms, they will start to eat more mulberry leaves than over.

经过22到35天的照料之后。这些蚕会比之前吃更多的桑叶。

Soon after ,the silkworms will be ready to start cocooning.

不久之后，它们就会准备织茧了。

Day 10:（2019.3.19）

Hedy, I think the baby silkworm are hungry. Thank you. You need to add some new leaves to them.

我觉得蚕宝宝很饿了。你需要添加一些新的叶子给它们。

Look,the silkworms sre growing up a little bit more. And the body color turning into white.

看，蚕宝宝好像长大了一点。身体的颜色开始变白了。

They ate leaves so fast.They need to eat a lot of leaves now. Have you hear the sound of eating leaves"吱吱吱……"？

它们吃叶子吃的好快。他们现在需要吃很多很多的叶子。你听到它们吃叶子发出"吱吱吱……"的声音吗？

Maybe the silkworms say "the mulberry leaves are so yummy，yummy!"

也许蚕宝宝在说：“桑叶真美味呀！”

Day 14:（2019.3.23）

????‍??：This is the third time they're molting. Look ,their old skin.It looks disgusting.

这是它们第3次蜕皮。看他们的旧皮，看上去好恶心。

Did you see that the color of the silkworm's body becomes a little yellow？

你有看见蚕的身体变得有一点点黄了吗？

????：Yes. A little yellow.

是的，有一点点黄。

????‍??：After four molting times, the silkworm will make cocoon.

经过4次蜕皮之后，蚕就会开始织茧。

Day 18:（2019.3.23）

????‍??：See,I think silkworms are getting fat. What do you think?

看，我觉得蚕宝宝变胖了。你觉得呢？

????：Yes. It's fat.

是的。它长胖了。

Because we take good care of the silkworms. So they are getting fat.

因为我们把它们照顾得很好，所以它们长胖

Day 24：2019.4.3

In the morning, I was surprised to find that the silkworm had begun to spin its cocoon.

早晨我惊喜的发现，蚕已经开始在织它的蚕茧了。

Lucas, Look. The silkworm spins itself in a silk cocoon. one silk thread may be nearly a mile long.

Lucas,看，蚕在蚕茧中自转，一根蚕丝接近一英里长。

They build their house need to 48 hours to fully complete. It will be a perfectly cocoon.

他们建造他们的房子需要48小时才能完全完成。那将会是个很完美的蚕茧。

Day 27：2019.4.7

Look, the silkworm has finished spining its cocoon. So many white beautiful houses!

看这些蚕已经织完了茧。这么多漂亮的白房子。

Do you know what they're doing in this house？

你知道它们在这个房子里面在干什么吗？

They have to molt in it for the last time, and after four days they turn into pupae, and finally they become moths break out of their cocoon.

他们将进行最后一次蜕皮，4天左右后就会变成蚕蛹，最后变成飞蛾破茧而出。

The process takes about 14 days, which means you'll see moths after about 14 days.

这个过程大概需要14天左右，也就是说14天之后你是会看见飞蛾了。

Look at this picture. These are some pupaes.

看这张图，这些是一些蚕蛹。

That's what they looked like before they became moths.

就是它们变成飞蛾之前的样子。

Day 35：2019.4.15

Wow, There has a surprise，I see a moth.

哇哦……这有个惊喜。我看见一只飞蛾了。

This is the first time I've seen a really moths.

这是我第1次看见真正的飞蛾。

It's so beautiful.

还是蛮漂亮的。

Look, there has a hole.

你看，那里有一个洞。

It nibbled a hole in the cocoon, pushed his way out and It was a beautiful moth.

他咬了一个茧洞，然后从这个洞里出来，然后变成了一只漂亮的飞蛾。

Look,the mother moth and the father moth are mating. After mate the father moth will be died and the mothet moth will lay a lot of eggs.

你看，飞蛾妈妈和飞蛾爸爸正在交配。交配之后，飞蛾爸爸将会死去，飞蛾妈妈会产下很多蛋。

She will be died too after she lay eggs.

她产下蛋后也会死去。

Day 37：2019.4.17

Oh, the father moth was died.

飞蛾爸爸已经死了。

Mother moth was laid a lot of eggs.

飞蛾妈妈已经产下很多蛋（卵）。

Next spring， the baby silkworm will come out of the eggs.……

明年春天蚕宝宝将会从这些蛋里面钻出来。

This is the life cycle of silkworm.

这就是蚕的生命周期。

总结

以前也没有养过蚕，第一次带着娃养蚕，克服了恐惧的心理。由于没有经验，养蚕开始的时间有点晚，天气太热，死了好多，剩下的都结了茧，变成了飞蛾，让孩子们观察到这整个过程，还算圆满。通过这次养蚕，我也了解到了这一个过程，原来是这样的呀！这都是我以前不知道的事? 沾着孩子的光，把自己童年时没有做过的事陪着孩子们一起给补回来了。

Life cycle of the Silkworms

蚕的生命周期

The silkworm metamorphoses into a beautiful moth from its initial stage of an egg.

家蚕蜕变成美丽的飞蛾，最初始于卵。

The total life-cycle of a Silkworm ranges from 6-8 weeks.

家蚕的总生命周期为6-8周。

The silkworm life cycle goes through several stages, from egg to adult moth.

家蚕的生命周期经历了从卵到成虫的几个阶段。

These stages are explained in detail in the following paragraphs.

以下段落将详细解释这些阶段。

Stage 1: Egg

Egg is the first stage of a silkworm's life cycle. The female moth lays an egg about the size of an ink dot during summer or the early fall. The egg remains in dormant stage until spring arrives. The warmth of the spring stimulates the egg to hatch.

卵是蚕生命周期的第一阶段。雌蛾在夏季或初秋产卵，卵大小约为墨水点大小。蛋一直处于休眠期，直到春天到来。春天的温暖刺激蛋孵化。

Generally, the warmer the weather, the quicker the Silkworm will complete its life-cycle, however, other factors such as humidity and exposure to sunlight are also very important.

一般来说，天气越暖和，家蚕的生命周期就越快，但是其它因素，例如湿度和光照也是非常重要的。

Ideally, Silkworms will experience 12 hours of sunlight, and 12 hours of darkness per day, a temperature of 23-28 degrees Celsius, as well as humidity levels of 85-90%.

理想情况下，家蚕每天将经历12小时的光照和12小时的黑暗，23-28摄氏度的温度，以及85-90%的湿度水平。

Under these conditions, the eggs should hatch in a period of 7-10 days.

在这些条件下，蚕卵会在7-10天内孵化。

However, it is very hard to achieve these conditions without an incubator, and it is common practise to just

Stage 2：Larvae

The silkworm, upon hatching, is about 1/8th of an inch and extremely hairy.

蚕在孵化时大约有1/8英寸，非常多毛。

Young silkworms can only feed on tender mulberry leaves.

幼蚕只能吃嫩桑叶。

However, during the growth phase they can eat tougher mulberry leaves as well.

然而，在生长阶段，它们也可以吃更硬的桑叶。

The larval stage lasts for about 27 days and the silkworm goes through five growth stages called instars, during this time.

幼虫期持续约27天，蚕蛹经过五个生长阶段，称为龄期。

PS：刚孵化的蚕叫蚁蚕，每蜕一次皮，蚕龄就会增加一次，第一次蜕皮之后的蚕为一龄蚕，第二次蜕皮之后的蚕为二龄蚕，以此类推。

During the first molting, the silkworm sheds all its hair and gains a smooth skin.

在第一次蜕皮过程中，蚕脱掉所有的毛，获得光滑的皮肤。

Stage 3：Cocoon

Cocoon is the stage in which the larva spins silk threads around it, to protect itself from its predators.

茧是幼虫围绕茧吐丝，以保护自己免受食肉动物侵害的阶段。

The larva traps itself inside the cocoon in order to pupate.

幼虫把自己困在茧里以便化蛹。

The color of the cocoon varies, depending upon what the silkworm eats.

蚕茧的颜色因蚕吃的食物而不同。

It can range from white to golden yellow.

它可以从白色到金黄色不等。

The second molting occurs inside the cocoon, when the larva turns into a brown pupa.

第二次蜕皮发生在茧内，幼虫变成棕色蛹。

It takes about 2 - 3 weeks for the pupa to metamorphose into an adult moth.

蛹蜕变为成虫（成年飞蛾）大约需要2-3周的时间。