20200326打卡D743万思乐学Vlearn小西妈双语工程1801期136号Damon

美友47485781

三月

节日

水边

曲水流觞

荠菜

情人节

女儿节

上巳节

兰亭

三月初

• 第六册第四单元书法了解
  

公元353年的上巳节，

王羲之和四十几位文友聚会于兰亭，

在兰亭清溪两旁席地而坐，

将盛了酒的觞放在溪中，

由上游浮水徐徐而下，

觞在水的面前打转或停下，

谁就得即兴赋诗并饮酒。

是为“曲水流觞”。

赋诗饮酒过后，

王羲之将大家的诗汇集起来，挥毫作序，

写下了天下第一行书《兰亭集序》。

• 文房四宝
  

文房四宝

What is Chinese calligraphy? 

This is Chinese calligraphy. It is a type of writing.

What tools does a Chinese calligrapher need when writing?

There are several tools for Chinese calligraphy. an Ink brush ,paper ,an ink stick墨块 and an ink stone砚台. There are different forms of Chinese calligraphy.

Calligraphers grind ink first. 

Then they dip the ink brush in the ink and begin to write.

In which countries is Chinese calligraphy popular?

Chinese calligraphy is popular in China. It is also popular in Japan and Korea.

• 农历三月初三，
  

一个诗意而浪漫的节日——上巳节，

宜踏春祈福。

节日简介

上巳节，俗称三月三，是中国民间的传统节日。

该节在文字记述中可以追溯到春秋末期，

是古代举行“祓除畔浴”活动中最重要的节日。

人们结伴去水边沐浴，称为“祓禊”，

此后又增加了祭祀宴饮、曲水流觞等内容。

古代以“干支”纪日，

三月上旬的第一个巳日，谓之“上巳”。

魏晋以后，该节日改为三月初三，

故又称重三或三月三。

后代沿袭，遂成水边饮宴、郊外游春的节日。

传统的上巳节，也是祓禊的日子，

即“春浴日”，又称女儿节。

时至今日，

三月初三在中国西南地区的一些少数民族地区，

仍是一个隆重而盛大的节日，

从云南大理每年三月三日举行的泼水节活动中，

依稀还可看到古时上巳节祓禊之俗的影子。

节日别称

中国的情人节

上巳节的主要活动之一就是男女相会，即男女表达爱慕之情的“情人节”。《诗经·郑风·溱洧》有云：‘溱与洧，浏其清矣。士与女，殷其盈矣。女曰：“观乎?”士曰：“既且。”且往观乎?洧之外，洵訏且乐。维士与女，伊其将谑，赠之以勺药。

先秦以后，三月三情人节在各代延传开来。至唐朝，杜甫那句“三月三日天气新，长安水边多丽人”，更将其摇曳绮丽之风情烘至高处。自宋以后，理学盛行，礼教渐趋森严，三月三情人节风俗在中国文化中渐渐衰微。三月三里浪漫的情爱、美好的愿景，以及曲水流觞的雅趣，至今荡然无存。

女儿节

三月三又叫女儿节，也叫“桃花节”，是一种古代少女的成人礼，一般在这个日子举行成人礼。女儿们“上巳春嬉”，临水而行，在水边游玩采兰，穿上漂亮的衣服，踏歌起舞，以驱除邪气。而且女子春天最爱在水边游玩。

日本女儿节也在三月三，又叫“雏祭”。因为旧历三月三日是桃花盛开的时节，因此又有“桃花节”的叫法。但是不一样的是，日本给幼年的小女孩也过节，主要针对几岁的小女孩，中国则更侧重未出阁的妙龄少女。

节日习俗

☆祓禊（fú）xì

指去灾病。因为此时正当季节交换，阴气尚未退尽，人容易患病，所以应到水边洗涤一番。所谓“禊”，即“洁”，故“祓禊”就是通过自洁而消弥致病因素的仪式。

为什么要选在巳日呢？应劭解释说，“巳者，祉也”，既除掉致病因素，又祈求福祉降临(《风俗通义·祀典·禊》)。这种看法为许多学者赞同。在上古时期，节日的作用就是驱邪避灾,实际原因是由于冬天河水太冷，3月初的水温恰好，人们急着去洗越冬后第一次澡。

☆祭祀高禖

在上巳节活动中，最主要的活动是祭祀高禖，即管理婚姻和生育之神。高禖，又称郊禖，因供于郊外而得名。人们通过这种巫教活动，除灾避邪，祈求生育。因此，上巳节又是一个求偶节、求育节。

☆互赠香草

古人认为，香草有驱邪之功，于身体大有裨益。

☆郊外游春

上巳不仅是祛邪求吉的节日，更是自由快活的春游，青年男女到野外踏青，泼水相戏，自由择偶。是中国真正意义上的情人节，并以芍药定情。

☆曲水流觞

公元353年的上巳节，王羲之和四十几位文友聚会于兰亭，在兰亭清溪两旁席地而坐，将盛了酒的觞放在溪中，由上游浮水徐徐而下，觞在谁的面前打转或停下，谁就即兴赋诗并饮酒。是为“曲水流觞”。

值得一提的是，曲水流觞的风景要很雅，除了初期在自然的水边外，混合着自然的美景，魏晋以来由于文人文化的兴起，贵族多在优雅的庭院，庄严的宅院里，假亭山石，人工弯弯的曲水。人们整齐的正座于草上席塌，好一点的摆上屏风，还有持扇的侍从，设有香炉等。喝水后还有写诗，应人相对。

☆临水饮宴

又叫曲水宴。流觞时，水边设席障，茶具与花，进行宴饮，吟诗作赋。十分风雅。此风在唐尤甚，至宋以后则渐无闻。

三月三，荠菜鲜

吃一口，赛灵丹

荠菜在菜蔬里是很平和的，

上至老人，下至幼儿都可食用。

有人将它比作“菜中甘草”，

用开花结了籽的荠菜煮蛋，

调和脾胃功能、增强体质。

若掺上肉包饺子、包子，

更是鲜香非凡。

Shepherd’s Purse has many common names, such as Shepherd’s heart, Shepherd’s pounce, Toywort, and Pickpocket. /ˈpɪkˌpɒkɪt/ A pickpocket is a person who steals things from people's pockets or bags in public places. 扒手

Shepherds Purse is translated as Ji Cai 荠菜 in Chinese. In China, it is considered as a wild grown plant (野菜). Back to early days, we could find this in the field or garden. But nowadays, buildings everywhere, it becomes harder to find them in the city.

Well, yes and no. It is a weed, but it’s a very useful one. This little plant isn’t just tasty and nutritious; it also has some very useful medicinal [məˈdɪsɪnl] qualities.

适合的环境

Shepherd’s purse loves moisture, loose fertile /ˈfɜːtaɪl/ soil, and cold weather. That being said话虽这么说, as long as the seeds have enough moisture to germinate and the plant can grow just about anywhere, even in poor soil, hot weather, and dry conditions.

与蒲公英的区别

The plant looks a little like a small dandelion, but with a cluster of small flowers instead of one large one.

Luckily there are some reliable ways to identify it.

1. First, shepherd’s purse leaves are consistently一贯的 smaller than dandelion. 
2. Second, they are very regular in design.Look at the leaves of the plants. Note how consistent 一致 in shape the shepherd’s purse leaves are to each other.

叶子具体特点

1. There is a tapered [ˈteɪpərd] 逐渐变细 leaf stem leading to regular lobes叶片 on each side of the leaf. 
2. The top third of the leaf is larger than the middle or the lower third.
3. Looking closely at the leaves – you might need a hand magnifier – you’ll also see tiny hair-like spines along the edges.
4. Older plants will grow a flower stem from the center of the leaf cluster. 
5. This stem will have a cluster of flowers at the top and probably leaves growing along its length.
6. Once flowers are fertilized they turn into green, heart-shaped seed pods; the stem will keep growing and a new cluster of flowers forms at the tip.
7. New flower stems can also branch out from the main one.

Harvesting the Plant

The best time to gather shepherd’s purse for food is early spring. At these times of year the cooler, wetter weather means each plant keeps producing leaves for longer before it starts to push up a flower stem.

These are all useful properties, but one of the extra benefits is really good at – stopping bleeding.

This plant can be used to help heal wounds, stop bleeding from minor cuts,

• Chinese Shepherds Purse Egg Soup (荠菜煮鸡蛋)
  

Having a Chinese Shepherds Purse egg soup is a folk custom 民俗 on the third of March (三月三) in Chinese Lunar calendar. The soup with shepherds is a healthy Chinese homemade soup with a lovely earthy朴实的 smell. With spring approaching, this is time to make this soup. The saying said no pain in waist and legs and no pain on the head after eating this eggs.

This Shepherds Purse soup is made together with the dried Chinese jujube, ginger and egg. According to my father says, the soup can cool the heat, nourish/ˈnʌrɪʃ/提供营养 the blood and improve the health and longevity [lɔːnˈdʒevəti].

The soup is slightly sweet, with the cooked eggs soaked in the Shepherds Purse soup for 3-4 hours. I like that it actually has a special earthy smell and tastes so fresh.

Chinese dried jujubes (红枣), which are often used as an ingredient in Chinese homemade soup.

• Method for Chinese Shepherds Purse Egg Soup
  

Prep Time: 5 mins

Cook Time: 20 mins

(served in 3-4 hours later)

Ingredients

1. fresh Chinese Shepherds Purse (keep the root on)
2. 3-4 eggs
3. 10-15 Chinese dried jujubes
4. ginger

Prepare:

1. Wash and clean the Shepherds Purse, keep the roots on.
2. Cut the jujube's surface so its sweetness will be in the soup.
3. Cut the ginger or smack it.

Cook:

1. Add cold water into a sauce pan. Then add Chinese Shepherds Purse, eggs, dried jujubes and ginger. Bring the water to the boil. 
2. Once the eggs are cooked, take the eggs out. Wait till the eggs cool, break the eggs' shell,. You may either keep or remove the eggs' shell. 
3. Put the eggs back into the soup. Continue to cook for another 10 minutes.
4. Turn off the heat, let the soup cool down. Wait for about 3-4 hours, so the eggs are soaked in the soup and get all flavour inside.
5. The Chinese shepherds purse egg soup can be served hot once reheated, or served cold if in the summer. Because of jujube, the soup is slightly sweet. Add bit sugar if you like it to be sweeter.

Should shepherd's purse be boiled before eating？

Yes, it can remove the potential toxins. Many wild vegetables, such as willow bud, etc., can remove the potential toxins by scalding /ˈskɔːldɪŋ/ 滚烫 with boiling water, and also can effectively prevent the occurrence /əˈkʌrəns/ 发生of allergic phenomenon.

After blanching /blɑːntʃ/温汤处理/烫下 (to put vegetables or similar foods into boiling water for a few minutes to make them white, remove the skins, get rid of strong flavours), shepherd's purse will lose part of its nutrition and fragrance/ˈfreɪɡrəns/ , but for safety, it is better to eat it after blanching, because shepherd's purse is a wild vegetable with high oxalic acid.草酸[ɑk'sælɪk]

After the shepherd's purse is bought home, wash it first, remove the old leaves and other possible dirt and sundries [ˈsʌndriz] 杂物, then soak it in light salt water for about 20 minutes, and then rinse it with clear water and drain it for use.

Then boil a large pot of boiling water, the best amount of water is enough, and put some salt or a few drops of cooking oil in the boiling water. Then put the shepherd's purse in boiling water and blanch for about half a minute. When you see that the shepherd's purse becomes soft and green, pull it out with cold water and cool it. Soak it in cold water for a period of time, and then pull out a little water.

After the above treatment, shepherd's purse is clean, and you can enjoy the delicious shepherd's purse at ease

• mung bean sprouts
  

不知道为啥绿豆芽泡出来很像黄豆芽

1. After we repeated rinsing and draining the beans through the mesh lid approximately every 12 hours (or twice a day) for 5 days.It's the time to give the sprouts the last rinse since they’ve reached our desired length.
2. Pour the sprouted beans into a colander and give them one last rinse before draining them thoroughly. Generally, mung beans taste good when they’re about 1⁄2 in (1.3 cm) long—but it’s mostly a matter of personal preference. /ˈprɛfərəns/但这主要是个人喜好的问题。
3. The green shells may have started to come off the white bean sprouts at this point. You can remove some of these empty shells from the mix with your hands if you like.
4. Spread the sprouted beans across a baking sheet lined in paper towels. Cover a baking sheet with two layers of dry paper towels, then pour the rinsed and drained beans on top. Spread them out in a thin layer with your hand and press gently to absorb any excess water. Once you’ve patted them dry, they are ready to be stored.
5. Pick out any unsprouted beans and throw them away.
6. To dry the beans even more thoroughly, cover them with another paper towel and press gently.
7. Place the sprouts into a bowl and store in the fridge for up to 2 weeks. Line the bowl with paper towels, then use your hands to transfer handfuls of sprouts into the container. Plan to eat the sprouts within 2 weeks.Mung bean sprouts are a great base for a chilled salad, or a classic addition to a stir-fry.

Question

How long does it take for a mung bean to sprout?

Mung beans are among one of the fastest sprouting beans. They will usually begin to sprout within 24 to 36 hours after an initial /ɪˈnɪʃəl/最初的 12-hour soaking time. However, it’ll be several more days before the sprouts are large enough to be the right size for eating, unless you like very small sprouts.

Will the sprouts stop sprouting if they are disturbed during the rinsing process?

Not at all. Shaking the sprouts actually allows water to circulate better during rinsing and gives the sprouts room to grow. This way, you won't end up with a tangled lump of sprouts. Be sure to shake gently however; if you shake too hard, you will damage the sprouts.

What is the best way to remove the green seed covering when the mung beans are sprouting?

Once sprouts have reached a desired length, cover them with water and agitate /ˈædʒɪˌteɪt/ 搅动 them. The green covering will float, while the sprout will sink.

How do I sprout them so that they are fat and juicy like the ones at the store?

Wrap them in a wet cloth after soaking and place them in a lightly closed container (not air tight). After 24-36 hours they will be properly sprouted. Then soak them in water for 30 minutes. You will get your juicy and fat sprouts.

• 字母一页
  

• repot the bean seedling
  

• 五本quiz
  

• 打卡和架子鼓
  

• 网课