<p style="touch-action: pan-x pan-y; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; padding-top: 0.3rem; padding-bottom: 0.5rem; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 0.8rem; line-height: 1.325rem; font-family: inherit; word-break: break-all; user-select: none; color: rgb(88, 88, 88); text-align: justify;"><h3><b style="">发病原因<br></b>肛裂的病因尚不清楚,可能与多种因素有关。<br>1.大便异常 长期便秘、粪便干结引起的排便时机械性创伤是大多数肛裂形成的直接原因<br>。腹泻也是肛裂形成的重要原因之一。</h3></h3><div class="bk_ui-kg-desc" style="touch-action: pan-x pan-y; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 19.2px; line-height: inherit; word-break: break-all; user-select: none; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><p class="bk_ui-kg-info" style="touch-action: pan-x pan-y; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; padding-top: 0.3rem; padding-bottom: 0.5rem; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 0.8rem; line-height: 1.325rem; font-family: inherit; word-break: break-all; user-select: none; color: rgb(88, 88, 88); text-align: justify;">2.内括约肌痉挛 肠道、肛管或肛窦的炎症刺激、酸性粪便刺激、括约肌外露、气愤紧张等异常情绪,均可引起肛门内括约肌张力高,可造成肛管静息压明显增高,如此时肛门的舒展性不够,当干硬的粪便通过时,会产生裂口。<br style="touch-action: pan-x pan-y; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;">3.解剖缺陷 肛管与直肠成角相延续,排便时,肛管后壁承受压力最大,故后正中线处易受损伤。</h3></div><p class="bk_ui-kg-info" style="touch-action: pan-x pan-y; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; padding-top: 0.3rem; padding-bottom: 0.5rem; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 0.8rem; line-height: 1.325rem; font-family: sans-serif; word-break: break-all; user-select: none; color: rgb(88, 88, 88); text-align: justify; white-space: normal;">1.若肛裂边缘柔软、整齐,底浅无瘢痕,色淡红,易出血,表明为急性肛裂。<br style="touch-action: pan-x pan-y; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;">2.若裂口周围有瘢痕,底深不整齐,呈灰白色,不易出血,并有“肛裂三联征”,表明为慢性肛裂。</h3><h1 style="touch-action: pan-x pan-y; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; padding-top: 0.3rem; padding-bottom: 0.5rem; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 0.8rem; line-height: 1.325rem; font-family: sans-serif; word-break: break-all; user-select: none; color: rgb(88, 88, 88); text-align: justify; white-space: normal;"><b>饮食</b></h1><ul class="g-txt-list g-txt-rule-list" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; list-style: none; color: rgb(85, 85, 85);"><li style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: 24px; font-family: inherit; margin: 4px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; display: flex;"><span class="g-list-k" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">饮食:</span><span class="g-list-v g-ellipsis" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: normal; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; display: -webkit-box; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); -webkit-line-clamp: 2; -webkit-box-flex: 1; flex: 1 1 0%; width: 281.719px;">饮食宜清淡,多食蔬菜、水果,忌食辛辣、肥腻食物。</span></li></ul> <div class="bk_ui-kg-desc" style="touch-action: pan-x pan-y; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 19.2px; line-height: inherit; font-family: sans-serif; word-break: break-all; user-select: none; white-space: normal;"><h3>治疗方针</h3><p class="bk_ui-kg-info" style="touch-action: pan-x pan-y; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; padding-top: 0.3rem; padding-bottom: 0.5rem; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 0.8rem; line-height: 1.325rem; font-family: inherit; word-break: break-all; user-select: none; color: rgb(88, 88, 88); text-align: justify;">急性肛裂以保守疗法即非手术疗法为主,宜止痛止血,防止出现疼痛恶性循环。对慢性肛裂或者Ⅲ期肛裂,要以手术治疗为主。</h3></div><div class="bk_ui-kg-desc" style="touch-action: pan-x pan-y; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 19.2px; line-height: inherit; font-family: sans-serif; word-break: break-all; user-select: none; white-space: normal;"><h3>药物治疗</h3><p class="bk_ui-kg-info" style="touch-action: pan-x pan-y; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; padding-top: 0.3rem; padding-bottom: 0.5rem; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 0.8rem; line-height: 1.325rem; font-family: inherit; word-break: break-all; user-select: none; color: rgb(88, 88, 88); text-align: justify;">1.软化大便的药物<br style="touch-action: pan-x pan-y; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;">大便秘结可加用润肠通便药物,服用益生菌类。<br style="touch-action: pan-x pan-y; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;">2.局部用药<br style="touch-action: pan-x pan-y; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;"><h3>常用有止痛类药物、促裂口愈合的药物及缓解括约</h3><h3><span style="font-size: 19.2px;">其他治疗</span></h3></h3></div><div class="bk_ui-kg-desc" style="touch-action: pan-x pan-y; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 19.2px; line-height: inherit; font-family: sans-serif; word-break: break-all; user-select: none; white-space: normal;"><p class="bk_ui-kg-info" style="touch-action: pan-x pan-y; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; padding-top: 0.3rem; padding-bottom: 0.5rem; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 0.8rem; line-height: 1.325rem; font-family: inherit; word-break: break-all; user-select: none; color: rgb(88, 88, 88); text-align: justify;">扩肛适用于急性或慢性肛裂不并发乳头肥大及前哨痔者。用手指或器械(可以用肛肠科常用的喇叭口肛门镜)扩张肛门,对缓解肛门剧痛有一定效果,但会复发,且可并发肛门血肿、出血、短时间内肛门失禁等不良反应。</h3></div><div class="bk_ui-kg-desc" style="touch-action: pan-x pan-y; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 19.2px; line-height: inherit; font-family: sans-serif; word-break: break-all; user-select: none; white-space: normal;"><h3>预后情况</h3><p class="bk_ui-kg-info" style="touch-action: pan-x pan-y; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; padding-top: 0.3rem; padding-bottom: 0.5rem; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 0.8rem; line-height: 1.325rem; font-family: inherit; word-break: break-all; user-select: none; color: rgb(88, 88, 88); text-align: justify;">保守疗法效果较差,且容易复发,手术是其主要治疗手段。</h3></div>