<h3>一、王宇军老师</h3><h3><br></h3> <h3><font color="#ed2308">答案：颗粒细胞瘤</font></h3> <p style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;"><font color="#ed2308">延伸学习：</font></h3><p style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;"><font color="#ed2308">Radiologic Features</font></h3><p style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;"><font color="#ed2308">The results of the radiologic study are listed in Table 5. Eighty-one cases of imaging manifestation were available. Tumor size was measured by maximum diameter in single patients, varying from 4 to 82 cm (mean SD, 25.4 13.36 cm). Of the masses, 57.4% (35/61) were located only in the suprasellar compared with only in the intrasellar 16.4% (10/61); masses were found in both in 16 of 61 cases. The masses caused centrifugal displacement of adjacent structures and compression of the associated structures, including compression of the optic chiasm in 39.5% (32/81) and compres- sion of the pituitary stalk in 9.9% (8/81). A few cases showed calcification in 6.2% (5/81) and cystic change in 3.7% (3/81). Computed tomographic examination was measured in 30 patients. Computed tomographic density in 63.3% of patients with GCT showed hyperdense or slightly hyperdense compared with gray matter. Contrast enhancement was typical in 86.7% (26/30) after administration of intravenous contrast material. Most of the im- ages of the 50 patients who underwent MRI showed isointense to the brain on T1-weighted sequences (46.0% [23/50]) and hypo- intense to the white matter on T2-weighted sequences (20.0% [10/50]). Most of the enhancement was heterogeneous (55.6% [15/ 27]) or homogeneous (44.4% [12/27]).</font></h3> <h3><font color="#ed2308">译文：<span style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">影像学特征</span></font></h3><p style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;"><font color="#ed2308">影像学研究结果见表5。81例影像学表现。肿块引起邻近结构的离心移位和相关结构的压迫，包括视交叉压迫39.5%（32/81）和垂体柄压迫9.9%（8/81）。少数病例钙化占6.2%（5/81），囊性变占3.7%（3/81）。63.3%的GCT患者的CT密度较灰质高或略高。静脉注射造影剂后增强率为86.7%（26/30）。大部分增强表现为异质性（55.6% [15/27]）或均质（44.4% [12/27]）。</font></h3> <h3>二、王宇军老师</h3><h3>病史：成人</h3> <h3><font color="#ed2308">答案：生殖</font></h3> <h3>三、徐国辉老师</h3> <h3><font color="#ed2308">结果：结核</font></h3> <h3>四、陈晨老师</h3> <h3><font color="#ed2308">答案</font></h3> <h3>五、常志强老师</h3><p style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">男性，26岁，头痛1月余。</h3> <h3><font color="#ed2308">结果：颅咽管瘤</font></h3> <h3>六、常志强老师</h3><p style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">女性，52岁，间断性流涎1周。</h3> <h3><font color="#ed2308">结果：间变星</font></h3> <h3>七、陈晨老师</h3><p style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">男，19，癫痫发作数次</h3> <h3><font color="#ed2308">答案：DNET</font></h3> <h3>八、陈晨老师</h3><p style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">男、39，半年前出现变换体位后头痛</h3> <h3><font color="#ed2308">答案：间变HPC</font></h3> <h3>九、华建军老师</h3><p style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">男，12岁，头部外伤后右侧搏动性突眼3年，头晕头痛1天。患者于6年前头部外伤，从约1米高处的拖拉机上仰面摔倒，伤后无昏迷病史，有双鼻孔少量淡红色液体流出，在当地查头颅CT未见异常，约1周后患儿无其他不适痊愈出院。2年后患儿右眼出现搏动性肿块及突眼，近三年来逐步加重，1天前出现头痛晕厥不能站立。</h3> <h3><font color="#ed2308">答案：CCF</font></h3> <p style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;"><font color="#ed2308">主要表现：</font></h3><p style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;"><font color="#ed2308">•右面部、眼眶、右侧海绵窦多发迂曲血管</font></h3><p style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;"><font color="#ed2308">•横窦增粗</font></h3><p style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;"><font color="#ed2308">•双侧大脑半球皮髓质交界处广泛对称性毛刷样高密度影（考虑与脑内小静脉长期瘀血有关）</font></h3><p style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;"><font color="#ed2308">•脑室积血、蛛网膜下腔出血</font></h3><p style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;"><font color="#ed2308">外伤性颈内动脉海绵窦瘘</font></h3><p style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;"><font color="#ed2308">是指位于海绵窦内的颈内动脉或其分支，因外伤破裂直接与静脉交通，形成动、静脉瘘，其原因常为颅底骨折而致，在颅脑损伤中的发生率约为2.5％。</font></h3><p style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;"><font color="#ed2308">由于颈内动脉海绵窦段被其出入口处的硬脑膜牢牢固定，故当骨折线横过颅中窝或穿行至鞍旁时，即可撕破该段动脉或其分支。有时亦可因骨折碎片、穿透伤或飞射物直接损伤而造成。</font></h3><p style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;"><font color="#ed2308">据统计75％以上的颈内动脉海绵窦瘘均为外伤所致。受损的动脉或当即破裂或延迟破裂，故伤后至动、静脉瘘症状出现的时间不一，急者立刻出现，迟者数日、数周不等，常有一无症状的间歇期而后发病。</font></h3>