初中阶段语音教学方略

Kim

今天为我们做讲座的是来自南京大学教授, 博士生导师陈桦老师。陈教授是中国英语语音教学研究会副会长兼任秘书长, 教育部重大人文社科研究基地-北京外国语大学中国外语教育研究中心兼职研究员。1987年毕业于兰州大学外语系,  获学士学位; 1991-1992年在上海外国语大学美国研究中心进修; 2001年毕业于南京大学外国语学院, 获硕士学位; 2005年毕业于南京大学外国语学院, 获博士学位; 2007年获“南京大学优秀博士论文”;  2004年曾作为高级访问学者在英国伦敦大学学院(UCL)语音学及语言学系研修, 完成了博士论文的主体部分; 2008年下半年为国际交流专项课题组负责人在荷兰奈梅亨拉德堡大学( Radboud)语言研究中心从事研究。2002年获评江苏省“青蓝工程”优秀青年骨干教师2006年获评江苏省“青蓝工程”中青年学术带头人。自1998年起先后承担各级课题10项; 发表学术论文41篇, CSSC收录16篇; 专著两部, 参编部, 其它出版物8部; 目前致力于学习者英语语音特征研究, 以及英语学术论文写作研究。

Analyze the difficulties in phonetics（pronunciation and intonation).

Our pronunciation can represent our personal image in some important occasions. if someone's oral English is good, his self-concept is good, too. There is a connection between them. Intonation is more important than pronunciation. If we mispronunce a word, it can not influnce the understanding for the second language learners. But pronunciation can influnce the understanding for the native speakers.(stress、tone）

At the very beginning of learning English, it is very important to learn correct pronunciation and intonation. Kids' oral muscle is in the best condition when they are 3-4 years old. Kids are good at telling stories at that age. Parents can make them tell stories more so as to practice their oral muscle.

Teacher can teach one laguage point at a time. If Ss give one more, teacher can introduce it( Why not= why don't you). Parents can not teach their kids after class. They are not professional. Flash and cartoons can improve their pronunciation. Kids can watch one cartoon each week, repeat it every day and have a test on weekends. “频次效应”

English and Chinese are from the different language system.

“Look、listen、learn” accent is pretty good. Guided imitation is necessary, not just get Ss imitate by themselves. British English is formal and elegant. If you can speak flunent Br.E in America, American will think you are well-educated. Prosody(laguage) is also important. melody (music).

Imitation and effevtive recitation comes first. Don't teach Pinyin and IPA at the same time. "Practice makes perfect."

Segmentals(音段)-元音、辅音、音节、辅音丛、连读、略读（吞音）、增读。Supra-segmentals(超音段)-停顿、重音、调型、节奏。

Compare Pinyin and IPA-vowels

Consonants 24, consonant cluster 4 / tr/、 /dr/ 、/ts/ 、/dz/.

Difficulties in segmentals.

consonant cluster 辅音丛

连读、略读、增音、同化。

take calculated risks.

Supra-segmentals超音段 Stress -part of speech(content word vs function word) 第一次出现时重读，第二次出现时弱读。What's your name? (重读what、name）My name's Jenifer.（name 不重读, Jenifer重读) .

Practice and understand stress in Chinese sentences. 英语结构中，名次加名词的结构，需重读第一个名词; 形容词加名词的结构，重读后面的名词。分词表状态，动名词表功能。

Some function words can be stressed according to the communicative intentions. Thank you( 重读thank 和重读you 的意义是不同的)。

《静夜思》 英汉互读，体味汉语和英文朗读的差异，引起注意。

一般情况下，句型和句调是要保持一致的。二级音调(secondary tone）可以表达出说话人的态度和情感，要引起注意。

Research results.

Helen this is my sister.( initial句首停顿)

This is my sister Helen.(final 句末不停顿, Helen 同位语）

10种类型的语音语调。

降调应用

教师明确清楚的指导很有必要。

多重音现象，涵盖重要信息。

“频次效应”在语言学习中的应用研究

Research design.

Research findings.

“分析文本-听录音-练习” model， 学生的读才会更有效。