<h2 class="rich_media_title" id="activity-name" style="margin-bottom: 14px; font-weight: 400; font-size: 22px; line-height: 1.4; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal;">【疾病预防】——幼儿园冬季卫生保健小常识</h2><h3> 吴堡县第四幼儿园</h3> <h3><br></h3><h3>【疾病预防】——幼儿园冬季卫生保健小常识</h3> <section style="max-width: 462px; overflow-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal;"><section style="max-width: 462px; overflow-wrap: break-word; display: inline-block;"><section style="padding: 6px 16px; max-width: 104px; overflow-wrap: break-word; background: rgb(255, 164, 210); border-radius: 10px; border: 1px solid rgb(99, 36, 0); letter-spacing: 1.5px;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word;">温馨提示</strong><strong style="max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word;"></strong></span></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: -6px; max-width: 462px; overflow-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background: rgb(255, 241, 235); border-radius: 10px; border: 1px solid rgb(99, 36, 0);"><section style="max-width: 460px; overflow-wrap: break-word; background: url("https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/TIZdib57qMsgc3hSLZES21aF454tXZxN1eGdWu2XyjzjNEWckRiaGghAhxvQRanbWAVicyThkic49wAN6n1KWXFJ0Q/640?wx_fmt=gif") right bottom / 30px no-repeat; border-radius: 10px; overflow: hidden;"><section style="padding: 16px; max-width: 460px; overflow-wrap: break-word; line-height: 28px;"><p style="max-width: 428px; overflow-wrap: break-word; clear: both; min-height: 14px; color: rgb(99, 36, 0); font-size: 14px; letter-spacing: 1.5px; line-height: 26px;"><span style="max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; letter-spacing: 1px;">亲爱的家长朋友:</span></h3><p style="max-width: 428px; overflow-wrap: break-word; clear: both; min-height: 14px; color: rgb(99, 36, 0); font-size: 14px; letter-spacing: 1.5px; line-height: 26px; text-indent: 28px;"><span style="max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 16px;"><span style="max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 1px;"> 您好!</span><span style="max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 1px;">进入冬季后,气温明显下降,昼夜温差大, 空气湿度越来越小且逐渐干燥,我们经常会感到全身燥热,口唇发生裂口。幼儿会因鼻腔内粘膜血管丰富及脆弱而常常出现流鼻血,并可因热邪的侵入而致感冒、气管炎等呼吸道疾病。因此,做好幼儿日常护理很关键。</span></span></h3></section></section></section> <h3>01</h3><h3>穿衣</h3><h3> 合理穿衣,天寒地冻,不少家长就怕冻着孩子,其实“捂”是捂不出健康的。在穿衣方面,经常摸摸孩子的手,如果小手凉凉的,就给孩子加一件衣服;儿童一般活动量大,所以日常穿衣要比成人少一件,盖被要比成人少一层;可以给孩子穿上一件大些的外套挡挡风;进有暖气的房间,要及时换上便于穿脱和活动的小马甲背心;活动中要注意多带一件便于穿脱的衣服,活动后及时添加,出汗后不要立即脱衣、摘帽,防止受凉。</h3> <section class="" style="max-width: 428px; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 241, 235); color: rgb(99, 36, 0); font-size: 14px; letter-spacing: 1.5px;"><section class="" style="max-width: 428px; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><section style="max-width: 428px; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: center;"><section style="max-width: 428px; overflow-wrap: break-word; align-items: center; display: flex; justify-content: center;"><section style="padding: 3px 7px; max-width: 428px; overflow-wrap: break-word; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgb(255, 130, 171); border-radius: 6px; font-weight: 700;"><p class="" style="max-width: 23.02px; overflow-wrap: break-word; clear: both; min-height: 14px; min-width: 1px;">02</h3></section><section style="margin-top: 6px; margin-left: 5px; max-width: 428px; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><section style="max-width: 42px; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 2px; line-height: 24.5px;"><p class="" style="max-width: 42px; overflow-wrap: break-word; clear: both; min-height: 14px; color: rgb(63, 63, 63); min-width: 1px;"><span style="max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 18px;">饮食</span></h3></section><section style="max-width: 42px; overflow-wrap: break-word; display: flex; justify-content: flex-end;"><section style="max-width: 42px; overflow-wrap: break-word; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(63, 63, 63); width: 42px;"></section></section><section style="max-width: 42px; overflow-wrap: break-word; display: flex; justify-content: flex-end;"><section style="margin-top: 3px; max-width: 42px; overflow-wrap: break-word; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(63, 63, 63); width: 37.8px;"></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p style="margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 15px; max-width: 428px; overflow-wrap: break-word; clear: both; min-height: 14px; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 241, 235); color: rgb(99, 36, 0); font-size: 14px; letter-spacing: 1.5px; line-height: 26px; text-indent: 34px;"><span style="max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: transparent; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; letter-spacing: 1px; text-indent: 0px;">天气逐渐转冷时,幼儿的食欲会明显增强,这对孩子的健康是很有利的,但若不注意引导,孩子食量增加过大,则容易发生积食,引起肠胃炎等病症。所以要特别注意把握孩子的进食量,不要让孩子吃得过饱及少吃油腻的食物。冬季的寒冷,还可影响人体的营养代谢,使各种营养素的消耗量均有不同程度的增加,应及时补充含钙、铁、钠、钾等丰富的食物,如虾米、虾皮、芝麻酱、猪肝、香蕉等。</span></h3> <h3>03<br></h3><h3>卫生</h3><h3> 保持室内空气流通,每天至少开窗通风不少于2次,每次15-30分钟;及时打扫房间,清理卫生死角,不给病菌以孳生之地;保证居室空气湿润(冬季空气湿度标准为30~60%),可使用加湿器或在地上洒水或在室内晾晒湿的衣服和毛巾;建议室内温度保持在16~20℃;定期采用食醋熏蒸、臭氧紫外线或点卫生香等措施对室内空气进行消毒。家中若有成员患感冒等传染病,也应尽量将其与幼儿隔离。患者要戴上口罩,并勤洗双手,以防通过接触传播。</h3> <h3>04</h3><h3>运动</h3><h3> 冬季是呼吸道传染病流行季节,应尽量避免带孩子去人多拥挤的公共场所,如电影院、聚会场所、大商场等。在当地流行呼吸道传染病时,更应注意这些。因为在人群拥挤的地方,空气混浊不堪,并且有大量致病菌散布其中,因而极可能通过空气和接触将病原菌传播其他人,尤其是防御疾病能力尚不太强的幼儿。应注意多让孩子参加户外锻炼,增强抵抗力,预防疾病侵袭。</h3> <h3>冬季易患疾病的预防</h3><h3>一、流感</h3><h3> 流感的传染性很强,来势凶猛,发病快,病情除具有普通感冒症状外,还有明显的怕冷、发热甚至高烧、剧烈咳嗽、头痛、全身肌肉酸痛等病征。更严重的是,它极易引起支气管炎、肺炎、心肌炎、中枢神经系统并发症等疾病。</h3><h3>预防措施:</h3><h3> 1.接种小儿流感疫苗是增强对病毒免疫力的有效方法。</h3><h3> 2.适量、适时地增加室外运动。</h3><h3> 3.定期消毒可以及时杀灭病毒,消除幼儿流感隐患。</h3><h3> 4.注意个人卫生习惯。</h3> <h3>二、上呼吸道感染</h3><h3> 上呼吸道感染是最常见的急性呼吸道感染性疾病。上火则是引发上呼吸道感染的导火索,幼儿患上“上呼吸道感染”,出现发热、打喷嚏、流鼻涕、鼻塞、咳嗽等症状。</h3><h3>预防措施:根据天气变化增减衣服,多到户外活动。让幼儿休息好,多喝白开水,饮食以清淡流质为宜。</h3> <h3>三、腹泻</h3><h3> 多由轮状病毒感染引起,潜伏期2-3天,初期常伴有感冒症状,多数患儿还会伴随发热,体温在37.9~39.5℃。继之出现吐泻症状,大便呈白色、黄色或绿色蛋花汤样,带少许黏液,无腥臭味,每天10次左右。一般可持续3-9天,平均5天左右,前3天症状最严重。</h3><h3>预防措施:注意饮食卫生,把好入口关,防止病从口入。餐前便后洗手,幼儿的餐具、玩具定期消毒,护理幼儿的人更要注意自身的卫生。</h3> <h3>四、手足口</h3><h3> 手足口是多种肠道病毒感染引起的传染病,临床表现为:患儿口腔内颊部、舌、软腭、硬腭、口唇内侧、手足心、肘、膝、臀部等部位,出现小米粒或绿豆大小、周围发红的灰白色小疱疹或红色丘疹。</h3><h3>预防措施:预防手足口病,要养成幼儿良好的卫生习惯。做到饭前便后洗手、不喝生水、不吃生冷食物,勤晒衣被,多通风。减少幼儿处于公共场所的时间。身处游乐园、室外广场、公共交通这种公共场所,由于人群密集,病毒密度相对较大,幼儿很容易被传染肠道病毒。</h3> <h3> 家园合力为幼儿打造卫生、安全的学习生活环境,为幼儿健康的成长提高坚实保障。</h3><h3> 吴堡县第四幼儿园</h3><h3> 2019.11.20</h3>