2019年英语世界翻译大赛参考译文 黄少政

stan

翻译

大赛

英语

参赛

诗歌

青岛

投稿

世界

参赛者

海洋大学

第一个版本 赏析用

《忆青岛》（节选）文/梁实秋 2019年英语世界翻译大赛参考译文

Some Recollections of Qingdao (excerpt) by Liang Shiqiu

我是北平人，从不以北平为理想的地方。北平从繁华而破落，从高雅而庸俗、而恶劣，几经沧桑，早已无复旧观。我虽然足迹不广，但北自辽东，南至百粤，也走过了十几省，窃以为真正令人流连不忍去的地方应推青岛。

A native of Peiping, I have never deemed my hometown worth putting in a good word or two. If anything, its dismal trajectory of degeneration and decline, in a matter of a few decades, from what it used to be—such a fabulous abode of wealth and culture of the nation—into sheer pandemonium shocks and dismays admirers. Not much traveled, I’ve nevertheless set foot in a dozen provinces, along the coast and in the interior—Liaoning the farthest to the Northeast and Guangdong to the southeast—and I think I’d put Qingdao at the top of my itinerary, to visit or to dwell.

青岛位于东海之滨，在胶州湾之入口处，背山面海，形势天成。光绪二十三年（一八九七）德国强租胶州湾，辟青岛为市场，大事建设。直到如今，青岛的外貌仍有德国人的痕迹。例如房屋建筑，屋顶一律使用红瓦片，山坡起伏绿树葱茏之间，红绿掩映，饶有情趣。　

Qingdao sits in a blessed locale where Jiaozhou Bay opens on the Eastern China Sea. Mountains rear right behind, and the waters in the bay are as deep as they are high, making Qingdao an ideal port. In the 23rd year of Emperor Guangxu’s reign (1897) , no sooner had Kaiser Wilhelm II forced the feeble Qing court into an agreement to lease Qingdao (a small ,quiet fishing village at the time) than his countrymen moved in to start a construction spree to the extent that even today Qingdao retains a Teutonic architectural look, most evident in the city’s ubiquitous red-tiled roofing, in a striking contrast with the azure of the sea. It remains one of China’s coziest and most charming cities as all the architecture inhabits a forested terrain of undulating hills and its streets shelter under a canopy of trees—peaches, pines, magnolias and ginkgos.

民国三年青岛又被日本夺占，民国十一年才得收回。迩后虽然被几个军阀盘据，表面上没有遭到什么破坏。当初建设的根柢牢固，就是要糟蹋一时也糟蹋不了。青岛的整齐清洁的市容一直维持了下来。我想在全国各都市里，青岛是最干净的一个。“无风三尺土，有雨一街泥”的北平不能比。

In the 3rd year of the Republic of China (1913), the booming harbor was taken off by the Japanese, and it was not ceded back until 1924, when it fell into the clutches of warlords. It’s a troubled modern history, but Qingdao seems to have emerged almost unscathed from all these reversals of fortune; thanks to the solid foundation laid down from the outset by meticulous German architects. The former concession town’s exterior stays intact. After all, what is well done cannot be easily undone. The result is we’re all justifiably proud of living in Qingdao, possibly the cleanest and neatest and loveliest in all China. Peiping certainly compares poorly with Qingdao as the former has been dismissed proverbially as somewhere “one gets dust all over even when there is no sign of wind and spattered with mud whenever comes down a rain.”

青岛的天气属于大陆气候，但是有海湾的潮流调剂，四季的变化相当温和。称得上是“春有百花秋有月，夏有凉风冬有雪”的好地方。冬天也有过雪，但是很少见，屋里面无需升火不会结冰。夏天的凉风习习，秋季的天高气爽，都是令人喜的，而春季的百花齐放，更是美不胜收。

With its continental climate, modified by surges of bay currents, Qingdao is mild all year round, notably its four distinct seasons—on the round as in the calendar. Snow falls occasionally in winter, but rarely to the point of freezing that dictates a stove be lit to warm the house. Summer is, as a rule, and cool and pleasant; in autumn one inhales crisp air; best of all, spring is a riot of blossoms.

一般山东人的特性是外表倔强豪迈，内心敦厚温和。宦场中人，大部分肉食者鄙，各地皆然，固无足论。观风问俗，宜对庶民着眼。青岛民风淳厚，每于细民中见之。我初到青岛，看到人力车夫从不计较车资，乘客下车一律付与一角，路程远则付二角，无争论者。这是全国所没有的现象。

Local residents appear, by and large, bold, even blunt, but good-hearted and benevolent inside. I am speaking of commoners, not those in the officialdom. That the civil servants are everywhere a despicable class is a truism, as the pervasiveness of the observation suggests. To form a correct opinion of the character of the inhabitants of a town, one must go forth and associate with ordinary folk in all their conditions, habits, and humors. And I congratulate myself once amidst a bunch of uniquely honest and good-hearted souls on earth. When I first arrived in town, I was struck that one got charged one of two fares for a rickshaw ride: ten cents for nearby and twenty cents for a anywhere distant. I’ve never met a rickshaw puller in Qingdao who haggled over the price with the client—a practice all too common in the rest of China.

有人说这是德国人留下的无形的制度，无论如何这种作风能维持很久便是难能可贵。青岛市面上绝少讨价还价的恶习。虽然小事一端，代表意义很大。无怪乎有人感叹，齐鲁本是圣人之邦，青岛焉能不绍其馀绪？

Whether this instance of honesty and simplicity of former times is, as some might protest, attributable to the lingering salutary influences of the port’s colonial past, I can’t tell. The point is that such customs do persist to our day speaks volumes about the character of the local populace because they know the simplicity and honesty of true wisdom. Shandong province (where Qingdao lies) was once two vassal states of the Zhou Dynasty—Qi and Lu—and it was the birthplace of two of China’s wisest men—Confucius and Mencius. So it makes sense if their compatriots, soaking up the sanctified and rarefied air through millennia, come off as morally exemplary and as worthy of being marveled at and emulated. 

What Is Poetry？何为诗歌？

（USA）Major Jackson （美国）梅杰 杰克逊

One of the abiding principles and important reasons why I turn to poetry, both as a reader and a maker, is the laying bare of the mystery of the self.* The writing of a poem begins in ignorance. Responding to an inner imperative, the stimulus beneath most of my poems is the Greek Delphic aphorism “Know Thyself,” which also emerged in another form in Socrates’s final declarations while on trial and facing imminent death: The unexamined life is not worth living.

诗歌能够揭示自我的奥秘，这既是一条不变的法则，也是促使我读诗、写诗、热衷于诗歌的重要原因。写诗始于无知。作为对内心律令的回应，我的大部分诗歌背后的成因就是希腊的德尔菲圣庙那句格言“认识你自己”。这句格言，在苏格拉底受审和赴死之前，他以另一种形式做了宣示：未经反省的人生不值得一过。

Since a young man, poetry became my means of knowing and gave my life substance. By marking language such that it sings our self-hood, by making a linguistic record of our observations in memorable speech, poetry offers the opportunity to not only examine but to penetrate the abstract and nebulous nature of existence and to lay the foundation for an authentic self who serves as a witness to their times.

从年轻时起，诗歌就成为我认识事物的工具，并赋予我的生命以意义。我特别在意的是，用诗歌唱出自我,记录通过观察生活产生的奇思妙想,诗歌不仅让我们考察剖析生存抽象和模糊的性质，从而为真我奠定基础，更好见证自己的时代。

In a sense, poetry writes, or rather, sings us. I deliberately use the word “sing” because I am one of those who, maybe perversely, believes in the indissoluble relationship between sound and sense, that our most profound utterances, at their purest, carry the truth and embodiment of song.

从某种意义上说，诗歌就是在摹写人生，歌唱自我。我有意选用“歌唱”这个词，因为我-也许出于任性也罢-是那种相信声音和感觉之间有一种不可分割的联系的人之一。我们能写出最深刻的诗行-乃至最纯粹的诗行-其实都是在以歌唱的方式呈现真理，体现真理。

Harkening back to the roots of lyric poetry, poets are communal singers. The ritualistic act of calling forth words into a series of synthesized memories and ordered impressions into artful language (whether metered or not) elevates human expression to a divine act of witnessing and being in the world.

如果我们追溯一下抒情诗是如何产生的，就会发现诗人原本就是群体歌手。诗歌是一种仪式性的行为，它将词语召唤到一系列综合记忆中，并将有序的印象转化为巧妙的语言(是否押韵倒在其次)，将人类的表达提升为一种神圣的见证和存在方式。

In the 20th century, Walt Whitman says “I am large; I contain multitudes” and Langston Hughes states “I, too, am America.” These pronouncements reflect as much their individual spirit as it does the tenor of the times they lived. If we understand, today, this work of poetry as both shaping and giving expression to unique consciousness, while at the same time, countersigning the age out of which it is born, then we understand how poetry maps both inner lives and the public realms of engagement. It is no accident that interiority and territory share in sound and meaning, two near common Latin roots: inter (“within”) and terra (“land”).

20世纪，惠特曼写道:“我是大写的人;我包含了芸芸众生”。兰思顿 休斯也说过：“我就是美国”。以上宣示，既反映了诗人的个人情志，也体现诗人们所处时代的基调。如果我们今天能理解一首诗歌作品，一首既能塑造和表达某一位诗人独特的意识，与此同时，也能表现一首诗诞生的时代特征，那么我们就能理解诗歌是如何描绘人们的精神生活，并揭示特定时代人们最为关切的那些公共议题。“内在性”和“领土”两个单词，发声相近，意义也有重叠，这绝不是偶然的，两个单词拉丁词根就很相近:inter表示(“内部”)，Terra意谓(“土地”)*。

In writing a poem, language emerges from the most undivided sense of ourselves; it is a concentrated moment of human cognition, improvisational and incantatory. Much of the music in my life has taught me to listen deeply, not merely to notes but to the underlying swell of human emotion that informs both chords and words.

在写诗的过程中，语言从我们最完整的自我意识中浮现出来;这是人类认知的浓缩时刻，不管是即兴创作和祈愿颂祷。在我的生活中，音乐教会了我学会深入地倾听，不仅仅是音符，而是人类情感的潜在膨胀，这些情感同时贯穿在韵律和文字之中。

I inherited an abiding love of jazz and blues from my grandfather. What I long for in my own work is the exuberance of life I first heard as a child, a time in our lives when sounds are most impressionable. As a result, I aim to write poems in which language dramatically changes into feeling. I long to stylize language such that it becomes a new encounter for the reader and honors the idioms of our age. To that end, each poem I write attempts to capture the concerns and sensibilities of our times while expressing my unique relationship to language.

我从祖父那里继承了对爵士乐和布鲁斯的持久热爱。 我渴望写进自己诗歌的，是我孩提时代听到的那种生命的蓬勃兴旺，而童年时代是人类的听觉最为可塑的阶段。我渴望写出这样的作品-我原初在孩提时代第一次听到的、声音最易受影响的生命的活力。因此，我的目标就是写出语言戏剧性地转变为情感的诗歌。我渴望把语言化为风格，使之成为读者的一种新的体验，也是对我们这个时代语言的一种致敬。为此，我写的每首诗都试图捕捉我们这个时代众人的关注和集体的情感，籍此，表达我与语言的独特关系。

Because language is my material, I also strive to maintain a limber attitude (and ear!) so that I am doing more than transcribing what I merely see or feel, but also to listen and hear the subaltern transactions and ideas between words and what they signify so that not only does language captures an experience or moment in time but somehow transcends the context and conditions by which it is made.

语言就是诗人的素材,我努力做到足够敏锐(耳朵也要足够敏锐!),我写的诗不仅仅摹写了我所见所闻,也要学会倾听乃至真正听到词语字面的表征和词语表征背后的意义,我们不仅用语言捕获经验，而且还要超越这首诗产生的环境和条件。

第十届

“中国海洋大学—《英语世界》杯”

翻译大赛启事及原文

“《英语世界》杯”翻译大赛肇始于2010 年，由商务印书馆《英语世界》杂志社主办。短短数载，大赛参赛人数屡创新高，目前已经成为国内最有影响的翻译赛事之一。为推动翻译学科进一步发展，促进中外文化交流，我们秉承“给力英语学习，探寻翻译之星”的理念，于2019年继续举办第十届“《英语世界》杯”翻译大赛，诚邀广大翻译爱好者积极参与，比秀佳译。

第十届“《英语世界》杯”翻译大赛得到中国海洋大学的大力支持，并由该校冠名本届比赛。2019年的翻译大赛包含“英译汉”和“汉译英”两个组别。大赛初评交给合办院校的老师，以确保大赛评审的权威性和公信力。复评和终评我们将延续历届传统，从全国各地邀请知名翻译专家进行评审。

合办院校

中国海洋大学 外国语学院

赞助单位

Unimore Education

重庆韬略教育科技有限公司旗下品牌，秉承“您身边的留学专家”的理念，开展包括英国、美国、加拿大、澳大利亚、新西兰、新加坡等主流留学国家的留学申请及游学服务。Unimore核心成员毕业于世界名校，拥有申请牛津、剑桥、哈佛、斯坦福等大学的丰富经验，深谙欧美名校录取之道，迄今已助力上万名学生实现世界名校梦。

协办单位

中国翻译协会社会科学翻译委员会

中国外文局翻译专业资格考评中心

中国英汉语比较研究会英汉翻译研究学科委员会

四川省翻译协会

广东省翻译协会

湖北省翻译理论与教学研究会

陕西省翻译协会

江苏省翻译协会

成都通译翻译有限公司

《外语与翻译》编辑部

英文巴士网

赛程及评审

1. 2019年5月发布大赛启事及原文，10月公布获奖结果，见诸以下媒体：《英语世界》2019年第5期（启事及原文）和第10期（获奖结果等）、《英语世界》网站、《英语世界》微信公众平台（微信号：theworldofenglish）、《英语世界》官方微博、中国海洋大学外国语学院网站、商务印书馆网站、英文巴士网等。

2. 参赛投稿截止时间：2019年7月20日24时。

3. 大赛各项最新进展将通过《英语世界》微信公众号实时发布，请予关注。

参赛要求

1. 参赛者国籍、年龄、学历不限。

2. 参赛译文须独立完成，不接受合作译稿。

3. 仅第一次投稿有效，不接受修改后的再投稿件。

4. 只接受电子版投稿，不接受纸质投稿。

5. 在大赛截稿日之前，请妥善保存参赛译文，勿在报刊、网络等任何媒体上以任何方式公布，违者取消参赛资格并承担相应后果。

6. 参赛译文一经发现抄袭或雷同，即取消涉事者参赛资格。

7. 参赛者投稿即视为其本人同意和自愿遵守本启事的各项规定。

奖项及证明

1. “英译汉”和“汉译英”每组拟分别设置一等奖1名，二等奖2名，三等奖3名，优秀奖若干名。

2. 一、二、三等奖颁发证书、奖金和奖品，优秀奖颁发证书和奖品。

①一等奖奖金5000元，二等奖奖金2000元，三等奖奖金1000元；

②各奖次奖品包括且不限于商务印书馆出版的价值不等的词典及图书；

③证书加盖主办单位、合办院校及中国译协社科翻译委员会公章。

3. 所有获奖者均获赠2020年全年《英语世界》杂志，并有机会受邀成为《英语世界》的译者。

4. 积极组织学生参加翻译大赛的院校，颁发“优秀组织奖”证书；获奖院校有机会成为“《英语世界》翻译实践基地”合作单位。

5. 入围复审名单的参赛者，应本人要求可由本社开具“入围复审”的书面证明。

报名及缴费

1. 为应对不断攀升的评审成本，提高奖励额度，遏制少数人敷衍投稿的行为，本届大赛酌情收取少量、不至给参赛者造成较大负担的参赛费，以保障大赛良性开展。恳请参赛者谅解为盼。

2. 单独参加“英译汉”或“汉译英”其中一项比赛缴纳参赛费30元，两项均参加缴纳参赛费60元。

3. 报名缴费流程：关注我刊微信公众号（theworldofenglish），阅读大赛启事，点击“大赛报名”登录英语世界官网或直接扫码进入大赛报名界面【请尽量通过PC端操作】，根据提示填写报名信息并缴纳相关报名费。