荷兰🇳🇱世界文化遗产小孩堤防Kinderdijk~范内勒工厂Van Nellefabriek~荷兰第二大城市鹿特丹Rotterdam

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荷兰🇳🇱世界文化遗产小孩堤防Kinderdijk的风车群

小孩堤防Kinderdijk是荷兰西部南荷兰省的一个村庄，部分属于新莱克兰Nieuw-Lekkerland，部分属于阿尔布拉瑟丹，距鹿特丹东面15公里。

小孩堤防坐落在莱克河与诺德河交汇处，为了排出水，1740年建立一个由19座风车组成的系统，是荷兰最大的风车系统。小孩堤防风车群已成為成为荷兰最知名的景点之一，于1997年列入联合国科教文组织世界遗产名录。

Kinderdijk–Den Elshout

Kinderdijk (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌkɪndərˈdɛi̯k]) is a village in the municipality of Molenlanden, in the province of South Holland, Netherlands. It is located about 15 km (9 miles) east of Rotterdam.

Kinderdijk is situated in the Alblasserwaard polder at the confluence of the Lek and Noord rivers. To drain the polder, a system of 19 windmills was built around 1740. This group of mills is the largest concentration of old windmills in the Netherlands. The windmills of Kinderdijk are one of the best-known Dutch tourist sites. They have been a UNESCO World Heritage site since 1997.

世界文化遗产的标志

Alblasserdam

Noord

范内勒工厂Van Nellefabriek是位于荷兰鹿特丹的一座前工厂建筑，被认为是国际风格建筑(英语：International Style~architecture)的代表作。

建筑采用钢筋混凝土结构，由荷兰建筑师Johannes Brinkman和Leendert van der Vlugt修建于1925年至1931年期间。在20世纪时，范内勒工厂主要被用来加工咖啡、茶和烟草等产品。1996年，工厂停止生产产品。取而代之的是，许多新媒体和设计公司入驻工厂，范内勒工厂也开始被称为范内勒设计工厂。在2014年，范内勒工厂被列入世界文化遗产名单之中。

Rotterdam–Oud–Mathenesse

The former Van Nelle Factory (Dutch: Van Nellefabriek) on the Schie in Rotterdam, is considered a prime example of the International Style based upon constructivist architecture. It has been a designated UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2014. Soon after it was built, prominent architects described the factory as "the most beautiful spectacle of the modern age" (Le Corbusier in 1932) and "a poem in steel and glass" (Robertson in 1930).

The buildings were designed by architect Leendert van der Vlugt from the Brinkman & Van der Vlugt office in cooperation with civil engineer J.G. Wiebenga, at that time a specialist for constructions in reinforced concrete, and built between 1925 and 1931.

It is an example of Nieuwe Bouwen, modern architecture in the Netherlands. In the 20th century it was a factory, processing coffee, tea and tobacco and later on additional chewing gum, cigarettes, instant pudding and rice. The operation stopped in 1996. Initially after the renovation it was known as the Van Nelle Design Factory ("Van Nelle Ontwerpfabriek" in Dutch). 

The fully renovated Sonneveld House is now a museum in the center of Rotterdam, with more than 30,000 annual visitors from all over the world.

鹿特丹Rotterdam是荷兰南荷兰省的城市，是荷兰第二大城市，位于荷兰的南荷兰省，新马斯河畔。其名称来自于在市中心注入新马斯河的小河鹿特河、以及荷兰语的“坝”(Dam)。

鹿特丹新海洋乐园酒店New Ocean Paradise Hotel，浮动酒店以中国古典风格装饰，毗邻鹿特丹市中心的港口。

欧洲之桅Euromast或译欧洲桅杆，欧洲塔，是一个位于荷兰鹿特丹的瞭望塔。

Euromast is an observation tower in Rotterdam, Netherlands, designed by Hugh Maaskant constructed between 1958 and 1960.

Rotterdam–Nieuwe Werk

欧洲塔附近的中国亭

远处是鹿特丹的亚历山大俄罗斯教堂Alexander Nevskikerk (Rotterdam)

Rotterdam–Stadsdriehoek

Rotterdam–Stadscentrum

伊拉斯谟桥Erasmusbrug是荷兰鹿特丹一座斜张桥，跨越新马斯河，连接鹿特丹北部和南部地区。以尼德兰中世纪哲学家德西德里乌斯·伊拉斯谟的名字命名。

伊拉斯谟斯大桥Erasmusbrug是鹿特丹的地标建筑，以“天鹅大桥”的美称闻名于世，拥有简洁俐落的外形，雪白的桥身修长挺拔，像一只优雅的白天鹅高贵地游荡在马斯河上。

这座宏伟又不失经典的大桥由本·凡·伯克尔Ben van Berkel设计建造，大桥单臂高达139米，桥身长达802米，建成之初不仅是世界上最长的斜拉索桥，也是荷兰最高的桥。

鹿特丹长期为欧洲最大的海港，以集装箱运量计算，19世纪80年代曾是世界上第一大港口。

新奥尔良大厦New Orleans是一座位于荷兰鹿特丹的43层摩天大楼，由葡萄牙建筑师阿尔瓦罗·西塞·维埃拉设计～Rotterdam–Kop van Zuid–Entrepot。

鹿特丹市中心Rotterdam–Stadscentrum

Erasmusbrug (English: "Erasmus Bridge") is a combined cable-stayed and bascule bridge in the centre of Rotterdam, connecting the north and south parts of this city, second largest in the Netherlands.

The bridge was named after Desiderius Erasmus, a prominent Christian renaissance humanist also known as Erasmus of Rotterdam.

Rotterdam–Nieuwe Werk 

Das Gebäude der Hochschule für Schifffahrt- und Transport im Rotterdamer Lloydsquartier, gebaut nach Plänen von Willem Jan Neutelings und Michiel Riedijk~Rotterdam–Stadsdriehoek.

三连体的大楼是De Rotterdam大厦

De Rotterdam is a building on the Wilhelminapier in Rotterdam, designed by the Office for Metropolitan Architecture in 1998. 

桥左边的大厦Maastoren是荷兰最高大楼。

The Maastoren (Dutch for Meuse Tower) is with its height of 165 metres (541 feet) the tallest building in the Netherlands. The office building is situated on the bank of the Nieuwe Maas, after which the building is named.

鹿特丹的铅笔楼和方块屋Dutch cube houses and Pencil Tower~Bleistift Turm und Kubushaus, Rotterdam。

集市市场The Markthal~Market Hall~Markthalle

The Markthal (English: Market Hall) is a residential and office building with a market hall underneath, located in Rotterdam.  The building was opened on October 1, 2014, by Queen Máxima of the Netherlands. Besides the large market hall, the complex houses 228 apartments, 4600 m2 retail space, 1600 m2 horeca and an underground 4-storey parking garage with a capacity of 1200+ cars.

鹿特丹是拥有令人瞩目的世界级崭新建筑群的港湾城市，被称为“默兹河上的曼哈顿”。它的建筑之美散落在城市各处。

巨大魔方群的立体方块屋，或简称方块屋Kubuswoningen位于荷兰鹿特丹旧港区，是荷兰最早的立方体形房子。个性独特的外形无疑是鹿特丹的经典地标建筑。

立方体房屋由58个明黄色的立方体以反重力的姿态组成，横跨四条汽车道和两条有轨电车道，是荷兰建筑师布洛姆Piet Blom设计的唯一作品，建造于1984年。房体墙面倾斜54.7度，每套公寓总面积约100平方米。

Blaak

Rotterdam–Stadsdriehoek

Blom认为自己的设计就像一棵抽象的树，所有房子组合一起就成一片森林。具有强烈的视觉效果。方块房子让人想起可以通过柱子进入的树屋。整座大厦其实是横跨街道的行人天桥。从某种意义上说，方块房子是一项建筑学的实验，Blom在其中思考着形式、美学和空间效果。

最初这些方块屋是作为私人住宅发售的，但由于参观者实在太多，原居民不胜其烦纷纷退出，干脆把这些房子改造成了咖啡馆或商店，或者专门供人参观。

Cube houses (Dutch: Kubuswoningen) are a set of innovative houses built in Rotterdam and Helmond in the Netherlands, designed by architect Piet Blom and based on the concept of "living as an urban roof": high density housing with sufficient space on the ground level, since its main purpose is to optimise the space inside. 

布洛姆设计的方块屋为立方体，倾斜45度。每一间房子代表一颗树，所有的房子代表一片森林。

Blom tilted the cube of a conventional house 45 degrees, and rested it upon a hexagon-shaped pylon. His design represents a village within a city, where each house represents a tree, and all the houses together, a forest. The central idea of the cube houses around the world is mainly optimizing the space, as a house, to a better distribution of the rooms inside. 

The cube houses in Helmond surrounded a theater, Theater 't Speelhuis, which was destroyed by a large fire on 29 December 2011.

方块屋~Kubuswoningen~Cube houses~Kubushaus

Rotterdam Blaak

集市市场~菜市场或拱顶市场由MVRDV建筑设计事务所设计。Markthal 展现了一个全新的建筑概念，它最先尝试了市场与住宿结合的这种模式，为此鹿特丹受到了全世界的关注。 多个公寓组织起来形成覆盖市场的一个巨大拱顶。Markthal马鞍状的拱顶，由三楼至十一楼的住房组成，总共有102套用作租赁的公寓和126用作销售的公寓。

像这样精美的一幢建筑，看上去给人的感觉大约是什么公司或写字楼，说不定还是个艺术展览馆之类，然而却是个菜市场。

Rotterdam–Stadsdriehoek

整个拱璧上都被这幅名为《丰饶之角》的巨型壁画占据，流光溢彩新鲜欲滴的水果蔬菜好像扑面而来。每天有几万人在市场内穿梭，抬头仰望的一般都是来朝圣的游客，开业以来备受追捧，被称为世界最美菜市场～集市市场。

市场里包含了96个生鲜农产品单位和20个副食品零售单位。市场每天供应来自国内和国外各地的各类产品，例如新鲜鱼类、家禽、芝士、咖啡、蔬菜、水果等。