<h3>转眼过去了四年余，今天看到了和维也纳AKH医学中心(二战前曾经是世界医学中心，有五位诺贝尔奖获得者)的神经外科主任Knosp教授书房的照片，他温文尔雅的风貌浮现眼前！他是世界著名的垂体瘤治疗专家，在此复习一下他创立的垂体瘤侵袭性Knosp分型</h3> <h3><span style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(31, 31, 31); color: rgb(31, 31, 31); font-family: XinGothic-SinaWeibo, "Microsoft Yahei", Simsun; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify;">Knosp垂体腺瘤五级分类法：采用测量海绵窦冠状位MRI上垂体腺瘤与颈内动脉海绵窦段(C4)及床突上段(C2)血管管径的连线，来判断垂体腺瘤与海绵窦的关系。</span><br></h3><h3><span style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(31, 31, 31); color: rgb(31, 31, 31); font-family: XinGothic-SinaWeibo, "Microsoft Yahei", Simsun; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify;"><br></span></h3> <h3><span style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(31, 31, 31); color: rgb(31, 31, 31); font-family: XinGothic-SinaWeibo, "Microsoft Yahei", Simsun; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify;">0级（正常型）：海绵窦形态正常，有海绵窦静脉丛的强化，肿瘤未超过C2-C4血管管径的内切连线。</span></h3><h3><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"></h3> <h3><span style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(31, 31, 31); color: rgb(31, 31, 31); font-family: XinGothic-SinaWeibo, "Microsoft Yahei", Simsun; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify;">1级：肿瘤超过C2-C4血管管径的内切连线，但没有超过C2-C4血管管径的中心连线，海绵窦内侧部静脉丛消失。</span><br></h3><h3><span style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(31, 31, 31); color: rgb(31, 31, 31); font-family: XinGothic-SinaWeibo, "Microsoft Yahei", Simsun; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify;"><br></span></h3> <h3><span style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(31, 31, 31); color: rgb(31, 31, 31); font-family: XinGothic-SinaWeibo, "Microsoft Yahei", Simsun; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify;">2级：肿瘤超过C2-C4血管管径的中心连线，但没有超过C2-C4血管管径的外切连线，可致海绵窦上部或下部静脉丛消失。</span><br></h3><h3><span style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(31, 31, 31); color: rgb(31, 31, 31); font-family: XinGothic-SinaWeibo, "Microsoft Yahei", Simsun; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify;"><br></span></h3> <h3><span style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(31, 31, 31); color: rgb(31, 31, 31); font-family: XinGothic-SinaWeibo, "Microsoft Yahei", Simsun; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify;">3级：肿瘤超过C2-C4血管管径的外切连线，海绵窦内侧、上部和／或下部静脉丛消失，其外侧静脉丛也可消失。</span><br></h3><h3><span style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(31, 31, 31); color: rgb(31, 31, 31); font-family: XinGothic-SinaWeibo, "Microsoft Yahei", Simsun; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify;"><br></span></h3> <h3><span style="white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); caret-color: rgb(31, 31, 31); color: rgb(31, 31, 31); font-family: XinGothic-SinaWeibo, "Microsoft Yahei", Simsun; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify;">4级：海绵窦段颈内动脉被完全包裹，导致内径狭窄，各部静脉丛消失，海绵窦的上壁和外壁呈球形向外扩展突出。</span><br></h3>