方块字的艺术美

阳春白雪

<h3>今天朋友转来谈月色为毛主席刻的三枚印章,引起自己对汉字的字体有强烈的好奇心。谈月色,1891年至1976年。女,原名古溶,又名溶溶,晏殊诗有『梨花院落溶溶月』句,遂字月色,晚号珠江老人。因行十,又称谈十娘。擅长工诗善书画,篆刻、有民国第一女印人之誉。新中国成立初期,柳亚子曾向毛主席热情推荐谈月色的篆刻,当时诸多社会名人和政要的印章皆出自她手。后来,由国家民政部通知谈月色为毛泽东治印,谈月色共为毛主席镌刻了三枚印章。<br></h3> <h3 style="font-family: PingFangSC-Regular; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 0.34rem; line-height: 1.8em; text-align: justify; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;">第一枚“毛泽东印”。</h3><h3 style="font-family: PingFangSC-Regular; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 0.34rem; line-height: 1.8em; text-align: justify; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;">谈月色这枚为毛主席刻的印章,系白文回文印,采用汉印模式、缪篆书体。</h3><div style="font-family: PingFangSC-Regular; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.8em; text-align: justify; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"><br style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;"></div><h3>此印四字占地基本等分,镌刻时很注重线条的粗细、宽窄、轻重之内在变化,布白规范严谨,文字结体工稳方正,整体浑朴、雄伟、大气。</h3> <h3 style="font-family: PingFangSC-Regular; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 0.34rem; line-height: 1.8em; text-align: justify; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;">第二枚“润之”</h3><h3 style="font-family: PingFangSC-Regular; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 0.34rem; line-height: 1.8em; text-align: justify; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;">这枚细朱文印章,是谈月色在1950年为毛主席镌刻的,材质为半山芙蓉石。<span style="font-family: PingFangSC-light; font-size: 17px;">此印文的印面,刀痕清晰、果断生辣,线条流畅通达,开挖深度适中,坡度比较直立。</span><span style="font-family: PingFangSC-light; font-size: 17px;">“润之”二字结体圆转,线条细腻遒劲,整个印章布白端庄匀称,且疏密有致,很有娴静优雅的风度与气息。</span></h3> <h3 style="font-family: PingFangSC-Regular; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 0.34rem; line-height: 1.8em; text-align: justify; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;">第三枚用瘦金书入印,“毛泽东印”。</h3><h3 style="font-family: PingFangSC-Regular; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 0.34rem; line-height: 1.8em; text-align: justify; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;">这枚谈月色为毛主席刻的印章很特殊,结体完全呈现了瘦金体模式,刚柔相济,飘逸多姿。</h3><h3><span style="font-family: PingFangSC-light;">谈氏用刀不因为女性而显腕柔力弱,反而是力贯方寸、冲刀淋漓,刀点稳而狠,大胆果断。其笔画瘦劲,但又不失其肉,转折处可明显见到藏锋、露锋等运转提顿的痕迹,真可谓使刀如使笔,所谓“天骨遒美,逸趣蔼然”。</span></h3> <h3>应该说这三枚印章在手法上功力上都没啥说,自是名家之作,早有定论,不可班门弄斧。当然,个人喜欢第二枚,娴静优雅的状态。于是,开始百度学习朱文白文回文和各种字体,如数珍宝,兴趣十足。</h3> <h3><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">朱文:白底红字</span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">。一般是笔划少的用朱文要圆润挺拔,忌瘦枯无肉。如第二枚印章</span><br></h3> <p style="margin-top: 13px; margin-bottom: 13px; list-style: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">白文红底白字</h3><p style="margin-top: 13px; margin-bottom: 13px; list-style: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);"></h3><p style="margin-top: 13px; margin-bottom: 13px; list-style: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">如汉印式,横竖划要在方整中带有圆意,笔划转角处要圆中带有方意(但不得有棱角)。要粗壮豪爽,忌虚弱臃肿。如第一枚印。也有雕刻突起的部分为阳文涂红色为朱文,相反为白文。</h3> <p style="margin-top: 13px; margin-bottom: 13px; list-style: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">朱白文相间:<span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">一般是笔划少的用朱文,笔划多的用白文,要匀称自然,忌牵强刺目。</span></h3> <h3>下面的图片是我们的方块字的各种笔体,各有特色,非常优美!看看都想学毛笔字啦!</h3> <p style="margin-bottom: 13px; list-style: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">1、甲骨<span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">文笔道细、直笔多、转折处多,为方形。古代</span><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">发现有大约15万片甲骨,4500多个单字。这些甲骨文所记载的内容极为丰富,涉及到商代社会生活的诸多方面,不仅包括政治、军事、文化、社会习俗等内容,而且涉及天文、历法、医药等科学技术。</span><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">从甲骨文已识别的约1500个单字来看,它已具备了“象形、会意、形声、指事、转注、假借”的造字方法,展现了中国文字的独特魅力。中国商代和西周早期(约公元前16~前10世纪)以龟甲、兽骨为载体的文献。</span></h3> <p style="margin-top: 13px; margin-bottom: 13px; list-style: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">2、金文,<span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">笔道肥粗,弯笔多,团块多。</span><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">是中国商、西周、春秋、战国时期铜器上铭文字体的总称。</span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">金文的内容是关于当时祀典、赐命、诏书、征战、围猎、盟约等活动或事件的记录,都反映了当时的社会生活。金文字体整齐遒丽,古朴厚重,和甲骨文相比, 脱去板滞,变化多样,更加丰富了。</span></h3> <p style="margin-top: 13px; margin-bottom: 13px; list-style: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">&nbsp; &nbsp; 3、小篆,<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">瘦劲挺拔,直线较多。</span><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">是在秦始皇统一中国后(前221年),推行“书同文,车同轨”,统一度量衡的政策,由宰相李斯负责,在秦国原来使用的大篆基础创制了统一文字的汉字书写形式。一直在中国流行到西汉末年(约公元8年),才逐渐被隶书所取代。</span><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">但由于其字体优美,始终被书法家所青睐。又因为其笔画复杂,形式奇古,而且可以随意添加曲折,印章刻制上,尤其是需要防伪的官方印章,一直采用篆书,直到封建王朝复灭。</span></h3> <h3>3、隶书,敦厚遒劲。<span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">隶书,有</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E7%A7%A6%E9%9A%B6/10490061" data-lemmaid="10490061" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; color: rgb(58, 127, 222);">秦隶</a><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">、汉隶等</span><span class="sup" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; white-space: normal; vertical-align: text-top; color: rgb(136, 136, 136); font-size: 0.12rem; line-height: 1;">[1]</span><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">,一般认为由</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E7%AF%86%E4%B9%A6/890743" data-lemmaid="890743" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; color: rgb(58, 127, 222);">篆书</a><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">发展而来,字形多呈宽扁,横画长而竖画短,讲究“蚕头雁尾”、“一波三折”。</span></h3><p data-pid="p-1" style="margin-top: 0.15rem; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);"><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E6%A0%B9%E6%8D%AE" style="color: rgb(58, 127, 222); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392);">根据</a>出土简牍,隶书始创于秦朝,传说<a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E7%A8%8B%E9%82%88/1763700" data-lemmaid="1763700" style="color: rgb(58, 127, 222); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392);">程邈</a>作隶,汉隶在<a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E4%B8%9C%E6%B1%89/395223" data-lemmaid="395223" style="color: rgb(58, 127, 222); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392);">东汉</a>时期达到顶峰,上承篆书传统,下开魏晋、南北朝,对后世书法有不可小觑的影响,书法界有“汉隶唐楷”之称。</h3> <h3><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">关于隶书的定义,近人吴伯陶先生一篇:《从出土</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E7%A7%A6%E7%AE%80/61952" data-lemmaid="61952" style="color: rgb(58, 127, 222); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">秦简</a><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">帛书看秦汉早期隶书》的文章中说道:“可以用这个字的本义来作解释。〈</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E8%AF%B4%E6%96%87%E8%A7%A3%E5%AD%97/6180" data-lemmaid="6180" style="color: rgb(58, 127, 222); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">说文解字</a><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">〉中解释‘隶’的意义是‘附着’,〈</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E5%90%8E%E6%B1%89%E4%B9%A6" style="color: rgb(58, 127, 222); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">后汉书</a><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">·冯异传〉则训为‘属’,这一意义到今天还在使用,现代汉语中就有‘隶属’一词。〈晋书·</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E5%8D%AB%E6%81%92/4170014" data-lemmaid="4170014" style="color: rgb(58, 127, 222); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">卫恒</a><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">传〉、〈</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E8%AF%B4%E6%96%87%E8%A7%A3%E5%AD%97%E5%BA%8F" style="color: rgb(58, 127, 222); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">说文解字序</a><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">〉及段注,也都认为隶书是‘佐助篆所不逮’的,所以隶书是</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E5%B0%8F%E7%AF%86" style="color: rgb(58, 127, 222); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">小篆</a><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">的一种辅助字体。”</span><br></h3> <h3><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">隶书相传为秦末</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E7%A8%8B%E9%82%88" style="color: rgb(58, 127, 222); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">程邈</a><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">在狱中所整理,去繁就简,字形变圆为方,笔划改曲为直。改“连笔”为“断笔”,从线条向笔划,更便于书写。“隶人”不是囚犯,而指“</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E8%83%A5%E5%90%8F" style="color: rgb(58, 127, 222); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">胥吏</a><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">”,即掌管文书的小官吏,所以在古代隶书被叫做“佐书”。</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E4%B9%A6%E4%BD%93" style="color: rgb(58, 127, 222); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">书体</a><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">同时派生出</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E8%8D%89%E4%B9%A6" style="color: rgb(58, 127, 222); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">草书</a><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">、</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E6%A5%B7%E4%B9%A6" style="color: rgb(58, 127, 222); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">楷书</a><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">、</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E8%A1%8C%E4%B9%A6" style="color: rgb(58, 127, 222); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">行书</a><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">各书体,为艺术奠定基础。</span><br></h3> <h3>4、楷书,端庄秀美。<span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">楷书也叫</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E6%AD%A3%E6%A5%B7/8567356" data-lemmaid="8567356" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); color: rgb(58, 127, 222);">正楷</a><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">、</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E7%9C%9F%E4%B9%A6/890648" data-lemmaid="890648" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); color: rgb(58, 127, 222);">真书</a><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">、</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E6%AD%A3%E4%B9%A6/6119924" data-lemmaid="6119924" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); color: rgb(58, 127, 222);">正书</a><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">。由</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E9%9A%B6%E4%B9%A6/835864" data-lemmaid="835864" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); color: rgb(58, 127, 222);">隶书</a><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">逐渐演变而来,更趋简化,横平竖直。《</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E8%BE%9E%E6%B5%B7/197234" data-lemmaid="197234" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); color: rgb(58, 127, 222);">辞海</a><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">》解释说它“形体方正,笔画平直,可作楷模”。这种汉字字体端正,就是现代通行的</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E6%B1%89%E5%AD%97/114240" data-lemmaid="114240" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); color: rgb(58, 127, 222);">汉字</a><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">手写</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E6%AD%A3%E4%BD%93" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); color: rgb(58, 127, 222);">正体</a><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">字。</span></h3><p data-pid="p-1" style="margin-top: 0.15rem; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);"><br></h3> <div class="main-text" style="margin-top: 0.2rem; word-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-all; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);"><p style="margin-bottom: 0.18rem;">蒋的书法以楷书为主,很少写行书。他的楷书以柳公权、欧阳询为根基,晚年又多有赵孟頫的影子,顿挫分明,结体有度,骨力雄强,章法严谨。他的楷书用笔以方笔为主,横斜竖直,撇低捺高,表现出瘦硬挺骨之风范。</h3><div><br></div></div> <h3>5、草书,<span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">结构简省、笔画连绵。</span><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">《</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E8%AF%B4%E6%96%87%E8%A7%A3%E5%AD%97" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); color: rgb(58, 127, 222); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">说文解字</a><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">》中说:“汉兴有草书”。草书始于汉初,其特点是:存字之梗概,损隶之规矩,纵任奔逸,赴速急就,因草创之意,谓之草书。</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E7%AB%A0%E8%8D%89" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); color: rgb(58, 127, 222); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">章草</a><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E7%AC%94%E5%88%92" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); color: rgb(58, 127, 222); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">笔划</a><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">省变有章法可循,代表作如三国吴</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E7%9A%87%E8%B1%A1" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); color: rgb(58, 127, 222); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">皇象</a><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">《</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E6%80%A5%E5%B0%B1%E7%AB%A0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); color: rgb(58, 127, 222); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">急就章</a><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">》的松江本。今草不拘章法,笔势流畅,代表作如晋代</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E7%8E%8B%E7%BE%B2%E4%B9%8B" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); color: rgb(58, 127, 222); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">王羲之</a><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">《</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E5%88%9D%E6%9C%88" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); color: rgb(58, 127, 222); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">初月</a><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">》、《得示》等帖。狂草出现于唐代,以</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E5%BC%A0%E6%97%AD" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); color: rgb(58, 127, 222); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">张旭</a><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">、</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E6%80%80%E7%B4%A0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); color: rgb(58, 127, 222); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">怀素</a><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">为代表,笔势狂放不羁,成为完全脱离实用的艺术创作,从此草书只是书法家临摹章草、今草、狂草的书法作品。</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E7%8B%82%E8%8D%89/49655" data-lemmaid="49655" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); color: rgb(58, 127, 222); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">狂草</a><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">代表作如唐代张旭《肚痛》等帖和怀素《</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E8%87%AA%E5%8F%99%E5%B8%96" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); color: rgb(58, 127, 222); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">自叙帖</a><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">》,都是现存的珍品。</span></h3> <h3><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">早期草书是跟</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E9%9A%B6%E4%B9%A6" style="color: rgb(58, 127, 222); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">隶书</a><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">平行的书体,一般称为隶草,实际上夹杂了一些篆草的形体。</span><br></h3> <h3>6、行书,<span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">端正平稳 入木三分。</span><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">行书是一种统称,分为</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E8%A1%8C%E6%A5%B7/9415199" data-lemmaid="9415199" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); color: rgb(58, 127, 222); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">行楷</a><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">和</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E8%A1%8C%E8%8D%89/6459068" data-lemmaid="6459068" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); color: rgb(58, 127, 222); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">行草</a><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">两种。它在楷书的基础上发展起源的,介于</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E6%A5%B7%E4%B9%A6/482941" data-lemmaid="482941" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); color: rgb(58, 127, 222); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">楷书</a><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">、</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E8%8D%89%E4%B9%A6/473235" data-lemmaid="473235" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); color: rgb(58, 127, 222); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">草书</a><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">之间的一种字体,是为了</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E5%BC%A5%E8%A1%A5/33796" data-lemmaid="33796" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); color: rgb(58, 127, 222); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">弥补</a><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">楷书的</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E4%B9%A6%E5%86%99/10647350" data-lemmaid="10647350" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); color: rgb(58, 127, 222); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">书写</a><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">速度太慢和草书的难于辨认而产生的。“行”是“行走”的</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E6%84%8F%E6%80%9D/333627" data-lemmaid="333627" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); color: rgb(58, 127, 222); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">意思</a><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">,因此它不像草书那样</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E6%BD%A6%E8%8D%89/6207878" data-lemmaid="6207878" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); color: rgb(58, 127, 222); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">潦草</a><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">,也不像楷书那样端正。实质上它是楷书的草化或草书的</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E6%A5%B7" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); color: rgb(58, 127, 222); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">楷</a><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">化。楷法多于草法的叫“</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E8%A1%8C%E6%A5%B7/9415199" data-lemmaid="9415199" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); color: rgb(58, 127, 222); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">行楷</a><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">”,草法多于楷法的叫“</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E8%A1%8C%E8%8D%89/6459068" data-lemmaid="6459068" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); color: rgb(58, 127, 222); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">行草</a><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">”。行书实用性和艺术性皆高,而楷书是文字符号,实用性高且见功夫;相比较而言,</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E8%8D%89%E4%B9%A6/473235" data-lemmaid="473235" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); color: rgb(58, 127, 222); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">草书</a><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">则是艺术性高,但是实用性显得相对不足。</span></h3> <h3>在<a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E6%B1%89%E6%9C%AB" style="color: rgb(58, 127, 222); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392);">汉末</a>,行书没有普遍地<a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8" style="color: rgb(58, 127, 222); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392);">应用</a>。直至<a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E6%99%8B%E6%9C%9D" style="color: rgb(58, 127, 222); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392);">晋朝</a><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E7%8E%8B%E7%BE%B2%E4%B9%8B" style="color: rgb(58, 127, 222); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392);">王羲之</a>的出现,才使之盛行起来。<span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">行书到王羲之手中,将它的实用性和</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E8%89%BA%E6%9C%AF%E6%80%A7" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); color: rgb(58, 127, 222); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">艺术性</a><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">最完美地结合起来。从而创立了光照千古的南派</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E8%A1%8C%E4%B9%A6%E8%89%BA%E6%9C%AF" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); color: rgb(58, 127, 222); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">行书艺术</a><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">,成为书法史上影响最大的一宗。</span></h3><h3><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);"><br></span></h3> <h3><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">在浩如烟海的书法艺术宝库中,行书无疑是一座最为绚烂多姿、丰富厚重的宝藏。其中</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E7%8E%8B%E7%BE%B2%E4%B9%8B" style="color: rgb(58, 127, 222); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">王羲之</a><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">创作了被誉为“</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E5%A4%A9%E4%B8%8B%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E8%A1%8C%E4%B9%A6" style="color: rgb(58, 127, 222); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">天下第一行书</a><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">”的《</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E5%85%B0%E4%BA%AD%E5%BA%8F/17358763" data-lemmaid="17358763" style="color: rgb(58, 127, 222); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">兰亭序</a><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">》,</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E9%A2%9C%E7%9C%9F%E5%8D%BF/66560" data-lemmaid="66560" style="color: rgb(58, 127, 222); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">颜真卿</a><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">创作了“天下第二行书”《</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E7%A5%AD%E4%BE%84%E6%96%87%E7%A8%BF" style="color: rgb(58, 127, 222); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">祭侄文稿</a><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">》,</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E8%8B%8F%E8%BD%BC" style="color: rgb(58, 127, 222); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">苏轼</a><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">创作了“天下第三行书”《</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E5%AF%92%E9%A3%9F%E5%B8%96" style="color: rgb(58, 127, 222); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">寒食帖</a><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">》</span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">等。这些照亮书法艺术星空的经典之作,是历经漫长岁月淘洗留下的艺术精髓,是中华民族对人类审美领域的独特贡献。</span><br></h3> <p data-pid="p-1" style="margin-top: 0.15rem; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);"><br></h3> <p data-pid="p-1" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); margin-top: 0.15rem; font-size: 18px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; white-space: normal;">公元353年4月22日(晋永和九年三月初三日,距今已1661年),时任会稽内史的王羲之与友人<a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E8%B0%A2%E5%AE%89/668541" data-lemmaid="668541" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); color: rgb(58, 127, 222);">谢安</a>、<a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E5%AD%99%E7%BB%B0/3860718" data-lemmaid="3860718" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); color: rgb(58, 127, 222);">孙绰</a>等四十一人在<a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E4%BC%9A%E7%A8%BD%E5%B1%B1/1515156" data-lemmaid="1515156" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); color: rgb(58, 127, 222);">会稽山</a>阴的<a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E5%85%B0%E4%BA%AD%E9%9B%85%E9%9B%86" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); color: rgb(58, 127, 222);">兰亭雅集</a>,饮酒赋诗。王羲之将这些诗赋辑成一集,并作序一篇,记述流觞曲水一事,并抒写由此而引发的内心感慨。这篇序文就是《兰亭集序》。并挥写了一篇《兰亭集序》。</h3><p data-pid="p-2" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); margin-top: 0.15rem; font-size: 18px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; white-space: normal;"><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E5%94%90%E5%A4%AA%E5%AE%97/127778" data-lemmaid="127778" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); color: rgb(58, 127, 222);">唐太宗</a>对他推崇备至,曾亲撰《<a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E6%99%8B%E4%B9%A6/781568" data-lemmaid="781568" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); color: rgb(58, 127, 222);">晋书</a>》中的《王羲之传论》,推颂为“尽善尽美”。还将临摹本分赐贵威近臣,并以真迹殉葬,至今下落不明。</h3> <h3><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">《祭侄文稿》(全称为《祭侄赠赞善大夫季明文》)是唐代书法家</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E9%A2%9C%E7%9C%9F%E5%8D%BF/66560" data-lemmaid="66560" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); color: rgb(58, 127, 222); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">颜真卿</a><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">于唐乾元元年(758年)创作的行书纸本书法作品,现收藏于</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E5%8F%B0%E5%8C%97%E6%95%85%E5%AE%AB%E5%8D%9A%E7%89%A9%E9%99%A2/1164" data-lemmaid="1164" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); color: rgb(58, 127, 222); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">台北故宫博物院</a><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">。</span><span class="sup" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; white-space: normal; vertical-align: text-top; color: rgb(136, 136, 136); font-size: 0.12rem; line-height: 1;">[1]</span><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">《祭侄文稿》是追祭从侄</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E9%A2%9C%E5%AD%A3%E6%98%8E/15655330" data-lemmaid="15655330" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); color: rgb(58, 127, 222); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">颜季明</a><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">的草稿。共二十三行,凡二百三十四字。这篇文稿追叙了常山太守颜杲卿父子一门在安禄山叛乱时,挺身而出,坚决抵抗,以致“父陷子死,巢倾卵覆”、取义成仁之事。通篇用笔之间情如潮涌,书法气势磅礴,纵笔豪放,一气呵成。</span></h3> <h3><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">《寒食帖》又名《黄州寒食诗帖》或《黄州寒食帖》。是</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E8%8B%8F%E8%BD%BC/53906" data-lemmaid="53906" style="color: rgb(58, 127, 222); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">苏轼</a><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">撰诗并书,墨迹素笺本,横34.2厘米,纵18.9厘米,行书十七行,129字,现藏</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E5%8F%B0%E5%8C%97%E6%95%85%E5%AE%AB%E5%8D%9A%E7%89%A9%E9%99%A2/1164" data-lemmaid="1164" style="color: rgb(58, 127, 222); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">台北故宫博物院</a><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">,那时苏轼因宋朝最大的文字狱,被贬</span><a href="https://wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E9%BB%84%E5%B7%9E/4851995" data-lemmaid="4851995" style="color: rgb(58, 127, 222); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(23, 23, 23, 0.0980392); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal;">黄州</a><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">第三年的寒食节作。</span><br></h3> <h3>最后,以毛泽东的《长征》结尾。喜欢主席洋洋洒洒的运笔和英雄豪迈的情怀。数风流人物,还看今朝!</h3>