我不甘平淡,却情愿和你落入“柴米油盐酱醋茶”

张小曼

<p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">常听说,“<strong style="border: 0px;">开门七件事,柴米油盐酱醋茶</strong>”。</h3><p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);"></h3><p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">每天从起床开始,人们就要围绕着这七件“生活必需品”展开新的一天。</h3><p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);"></h3><p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);"><strong style="border: 0px;">但,仔细一想,似乎有那么一点不对劲。</strong></h3> <p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);"><strong style="border: 0px;">○ 柴</strong>,生火,取暖、烹食。是人类走向文明的重要一步,自然也是日常不可缺少的一步。</h3><p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);"></h3><p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);"><strong style="border: 0px;">○ 米</strong>,主食,果腹、提供能量。</h3><p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);"></h3><p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);"><strong style="border: 0px;">○ 油</strong>,一方面可以给食物增添香味,另一方面则提供人体必需的脂肪酸。</h3><p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);"></h3><p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);"><strong style="border: 0px;">○ 盐</strong>,调味的同时,也是维持人体正常发育不可缺少的物质,必须适量摄入。</h3><p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);"></h3><p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">而后三者,<strong style="border: 0px;">酱</strong>、<strong style="border: 0px;">醋</strong>、<strong style="border: 0px;">茶</strong>,相对来说就<strong style="border: 0px;">不那么“必需”</strong>,倒更像是提高生活品质的“调味品”。</h3><p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);"></h3><p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">尤其“茶”,更像是一种<strong style="border: 0px;">个人选择</strong>,有人喝,也有人不喝。怎么也“混”入其中了呢?</h3> <p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">“柴米油盐酱醋茶”的说法,最早记录于<strong style="border: 0px;">南宋时期</strong>吴自牧的《梦梁录》:“<strong style="border: 0px;">盖人家每日不可阙者,柴米油盐酱醋茶</strong>。”</h3> <p class="ql-align-justify" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; font-size: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify; white-space: normal;">在这七者的排序上,也很有讲究。“柴”到“茶”,实际上是<strong style="border: 0px;">从“生存”到“发展”</strong>的过程,层层递进,一点点地构成了人们的日常。</h3><p class="ql-align-justify" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; font-size: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; white-space: normal;"></h3><p class="ql-align-justify" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; font-size: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify; white-space: normal;">而生活中琐碎无数,<strong style="border: 0px;">能排上七者之列,茶的作用可能比你想象中要大得多</strong>。</h3> <p style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);"><strong style="border: 0px;">“解毒又治病”,茶怎能不重要?</strong></h3><p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);"></h3><p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">“神农尝百草,日遇七十二毒,得荼而解之。”</h3><p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);"></h3><p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">茶叶最初的形象,就是从《神农本草经》的药用记载中表现出来的。</h3> <p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">作为一种普遍的功能性饮品,<strong style="border: 0px;">茶叶是古人日常生活中非常重要的一项</strong>,被认为能够清心、解毒、治病,是“一片神奇的叶子”。</h3><p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);"></h3><p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">喝茶,能够一定程度地抗衰老、提高免疫力、提神益思、强心利尿等。</h3> <p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">冬日煮一壶热茶,能驱散寒意、预防感冒;夏日饮一杯清茶,能祛燥消暑、心静平和。</h3><p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);"></h3><h3><p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);"></h3></h3><p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin: 18px 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; -webkit-touch-callout: none; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: none; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;">时至今日,“茶叶对人体的功效”依然是科研工作者们充满兴趣、并持续探索的课题。</h3> <p style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);"><strong style="border: 0px;">宁可三日无粮,不可一日无茶</strong></h3><p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">对于西部地区的游牧民族来说,<strong style="border: 0px;">茶叶确实是一件生活必需品</strong>。</h3><p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);"></h3><p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">在他们的传统饮食结构中,肉类和奶制品占据了大部分。茶叶中富含茶多酚,可以<strong style="border: 0px;">助消化、解油腻</strong>,同时还能<strong style="border: 0px;">补充维生素</strong>,以弥补高原地区缺少蔬菜的地理局限。</h3> <p style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);"><strong style="border: 0px;">生活的茶,不只是拿来喝</strong></h3><p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">茶作为“生活必需”,不但是用来喝,甚至可以<strong style="border: 0px;">完全融入生活、成为传统习俗中的一部分</strong>。</h3><p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);"></h3><p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">在重要的婚姻礼仪中,以茶为礼的风俗,在各民族间都普遍流行。在古人心目中,茶树不宜移栽,因此有着“专一”、“不移志”的意义。</h3> <p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">相传曾经在福建一带的农村地区,<strong style="border: 0px;">凡未婚少女出门做客,不能随便喝别人家的茶</strong>。</h3><p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);"></h3><p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">在许多地区,人们把订婚、结婚直接称为“<strong style="border: 0px;">受茶</strong>”、“<strong style="border: 0px;">吃茶</strong>”。</h3><p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);"></h3><p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">也难怪在《红楼梦》第二十五回,王熙凤调侃林黛玉说:“你既吃了我们家的茶,怎么还不给我们家作媳妇?”</h3> <p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">现代人喝茶,要说非喝不可,也不是,但<strong style="border: 0px;">总像缺了什么,不舒服、不快活</strong>。</h3><p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);"></h3><p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">与酱、醋一样,茶可以是没有理由的存在,全凭个人习惯。<strong style="border: 0px;">喝着喝着,就成了生活的一部分。</strong></h3> <p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">喝茶,是<strong style="border: 0px;">喝有味道的水</strong>,也是<strong style="border: 0px;">过有滋味的生活</strong>。</h3><p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);"></h3><p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">从“柴米油盐酱醋<strong style="border: 0px;">茶</strong>”到“琴棋书画诗酒<strong style="border: 0px;">茶</strong>”,茶是联结,也是过渡。</h3><p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);"></h3><p class="ql-align-justify" style="margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; border: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961);">从生活琐碎到闲情逸致,茶能喝出风景平淡,也能喝出细水长流。</h3>