您了解静脉用药集中调配吗?

药剂科——爱华

<h1 style="text-align: left;">什么是P<span style="text-align: justify; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;">I</span><span style="text-align: justify; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;">V</span><span style="text-align: justify; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;">A</span><span style="text-align: justify; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;">S &nbsp;?</span></h1><h3><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span></h3><h1><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span></h1><h3><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span></h3><h1><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span></h1><h3><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span></h3><h3></h3><h3><font color="#333333" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><span style="white-space: normal;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 静脉用药集中调配中心(Pharmacy Intravenous Admixture Services,PIVAS),是指医疗机构药学部门根据医师处方或用药医嘱,经药师进行适宜性审核,由药学专业技术人员按照无菌操作要求,在洁净环境下对静脉用药进行加药混合调配,使其成为可供临床直接静脉输注使用的成品输液操作过程,其性质属药品处方调剂。</span></font></h3> <h3><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; white-space: normal;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;目前,医院的临床用药:药物的溶解、混合调配均由护士在非洁净的环境中进行,而输液则在半开放的状态下进行,由此所造成的药物污染、配伍不合理</span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; white-space: normal;">、交叉耐药,以及操作人员长期吸入或接触化疗药品、抗生素等药物而导致身体损害等问题则无可避免。长此以往,不仅会降低药物的临床疗效,甚至引发严重的事故,同时还会损害医务人员的身体健康。这种先洁净后污染的情况使得优质药品在临床用药过程中不能保证质量和发挥应有的疗效。</span><br></h3> <h3><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); 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font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;">的发展</span></h3><h3> 为解决上述问题,静脉用药集中调配中心既PIVAS应运而生。1969年,世界上第一所PIVAS建立于美国俄亥俄州州立大学医院。随后,美国及欧洲各国的医院纷纷建立起自己的PIVAS。静脉药物配置中心在发达国家是医院药学工作必不可少的一部分。我国第一个静脉药物配置中心于1999年在上海市静安区中心医院建立。此后广东、上海、江苏、山东及其他省市也相继建立静脉药物集中调配中心,至今全国已建立中心几百家以上。 我国卫生部2002年颁布的《医疗机构药事管理暂行规定》中指出:要根据临床需要逐步建立全静脉营养(TPN)和肿瘤化疗药物等静脉药物配置中心,实行集中配置和供应。2010年4月国家卫生部颁布了《静脉用药集中调配质量管理规范》。随着规范的执行,越来越多的医院正在建立静脉药物配置中心。<br></h3> <h3>  静脉用药集中调配(PIVAS)是新型的专业领域,具有高强度、高风险、高压力的工作性质,新的专业带来了新的工作模式,即“医―药―护―患”相结合的模式。<br></h3><h3> 在医院的药剂科有这样一个药师团队,他们每天工作在万级洁净、密闭环境下,局部百级洁净的操作台前,在依据药物特性设计的操作环境下,完成全院的输液配置任务,严格按照程序进行包括全静脉营养液、细胞毒性药物和抗生素等静脉药物配置,为临床药物治疗与合理用药提供服务。<br></h3><h3><br></h3> <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;">P</span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;">I</span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;">V</span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;">A</span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;">S</span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;">的意义</span><br><h3><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span> PIVAS工作的开展,除了保障病人的合理用药外,在保障药品质量和安全性方面也具有较大的优越性。首先,由于配置环境的高洁净度,规范化的配制环节,以及严格的无菌操作,最大限度地降低了药物粉末污染机会以及病原污染的机会,从而保证溶液的无菌性;</h3><h3> 其次,由于严格执行的每一道工序,确保药物相溶性和稳定性,保证输液药品的高质量性,并使用统一的标签,同时多次核对,使配制失误降至最低;特别是,药师复配后,将按药典中的要求,对输液中的微粒、澄明度等进行严格的检查,这在传统的输液配制中是做不到的,这一过程为保证输液药品的高质量和安全性起到了重要作用; </h3><h3> 再者,由于药品集中管理,可减少药品流失,效期药品能够按时间顺序合理使用,防止药品失效,造成浪费或过期药品被使用,影响药物治疗效果甚至引起不必要的法律纠纷;通过集中配置,还可合理安排药品的使用,使只得到部分利用的药品不被浪费,降低剂量成本。<br></h3> <div class="content-title" style="overflow: hidden; margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 10px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; white-space: normal;"><p style="padding-right: 17px; padding-left: 17px; border: 0px; font-size: 22px; line-height: 30px; position: relative; overflow: hidden;">PIVAS的作用</h3><p style="padding-right: 17px; padding-left: 17px; border: 0px; font-size: 22px; line-height: 30px; position: relative; overflow: hidden;"><span style="font-size: 17px;">  &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;PIVAS除了将原来护士在半开放治疗室配液环境改变为在万级洁净环境中配液外,最重要的改变在于增加了药师</span><span style="font-size: 17px; text-align: center;">审</span><span style="font-size: 17px; text-align: center;">方</span><span style="font-size: 17px; text-align: center;">的步骤</span><span style="font-size: 17px; text-align: center;">,它使药师从后台走到前台</span><span style="font-size: 17px; text-align: center;">,这一改变,对于我国药师工作领域具有划时代的意义。 医院静脉</span><span style="font-size: 17px; text-align: center;">配制中心完全改变了传统的用药方式,医生开好处方单后由电脑输入</span><span style="font-size: 17px; text-align: center;">到配置中心,先由药师核对检查其用药的合理性,然后再严格按照无菌配置技术配置药物,提供给病人正确的输液、正确的浓度、正确的给药持续时间。</span></h3></div><div class="content-txt" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; white-space: normal;"><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3></h3><h3><span class="content-pic" style="display: block; 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margin: 16px -17px 15px;"><span class="pic-wrap" style="display: block; position: relative;"><span class="pic-single normal-wrap" style="display: block; text-align: center;"></span></span></span><span class="content-pic" style="display: block; margin: 16px -17px 15px;"><span class="pic-wrap" style="display: block; position: relative;"><span class="pic-single normal-wrap" style="display: block; text-align: center;"></span></span></span><span class="content-pic" style="display: block; margin: 16px -17px 15px;"><span class="pic-wrap" style="display: block; position: relative;"><span class="pic-single normal-wrap" style="display: block; text-align: center;"></span></span></span><span class="content-pic" style="display: block; margin: 16px -17px 15px;"><span class="pic-wrap" style="display: block; position: relative;"><span class="pic-single normal-wrap" style="display: block; text-align: center;"></span></span></span><span class="content-pic" style="display: block; margin: 16px -17px 15px;"><span class="pic-wrap" style="display: block; position: relative;"><span class="pic-single normal-wrap" style="display: block; text-align: center;"></span></span></span><span class="content-pic" style="display: block; margin: 16px -17px 15px;"><span class="pic-wrap" style="display: block; position: relative;"><span class="pic-single normal-wrap" style="display: block; text-align: center;"></span></span></span><span class="content-pic" style="display: block; margin: 16px -17px 15px;"><span class="pic-wrap" style="display: block; position: relative;"><span class="pic-single normal-wrap" style="display: block; text-align: center;"></span></span></span><span class="content-pic" style="display: block; margin: 16px -17px 15px;"><span class="pic-wrap" style="display: block; position: relative;"><span class="pic-single normal-wrap" style="display: block; text-align: center;"></span></span></span><span class="content-pic" style="display: block; margin: 16px -17px 15px;"><span class="pic-wrap" style="display: block; position: relative;"><span class="pic-single normal-wrap" style="display: block; text-align: center;"></span></span></span><span class="content-pic" style="display: block; margin: 16px -17px 15px;"><span class="pic-wrap" style="display: block; position: relative;"><span class="pic-single normal-wrap" style="display: block; text-align: center;"></span></span></span><span class="content-pic" style="display: block; margin: 16px -17px 15px;"><span class="pic-wrap" style="display: block; position: relative;"><span class="pic-single normal-wrap" style="display: block; text-align: center;"></span></span></span><span class="content-pic" style="display: block; margin: 16px -17px 15px;"><span class="pic-wrap" style="display: block; position: relative;"><span class="pic-single normal-wrap" style="display: block; text-align: center;"></span></span></span><span class="content-pic" style="display: block; margin: 16px -17px 15px;"><span class="pic-wrap" style="display: block; position: relative;"><span class="pic-single normal-wrap" style="display: block; text-align: center;"></span></span></span><span class="content-pic" style="display: block; margin: 16px -17px 15px;"><span class="pic-wrap" style="display: block; position: relative;"><span class="pic-single normal-wrap" style="display: block; text-align: center;"></span></span></span><span class="content-pic" style="display: block; margin: 16px -17px 15px;"><span class="pic-wrap" style="display: block; position: relative;"><span class="pic-single normal-wrap" style="display: block; text-align: center;"></span></span></span><p style="margin-bottom: 15px; padding-right: 17px; padding-left: 17px; border: 0px; line-height: 29px;">  1、规范配置,确保药品质量和输液安全:PIVAS一般由抗肿瘤化疗药物配置间、静脉营养液配置间、排药间、电脑收方与审方区、成品核对包区、药品二级库、洁净洗衣间、办公室、普通更衣间等组成。人流与物流分开,办公区与控制区、洁净区、辅助区分开;</h3><p style="margin-bottom: 15px; padding-right: 17px; padding-left: 17px; border: 0px; line-height: 29px;">  2、便于药品管理,减少浪费,降低医院成本:药品集中管理,可防止药物过期浪费;</h3><p style="margin-bottom: 15px; padding-right: 17px; padding-left: 17px; border: 0px; line-height: 29px;">  3、将时间还给护士,将护士还给病人:护士将有更多的时间和精力护理病人,有效地开展整体护理,提高护理质量;</h3><p style="margin-bottom: 15px; padding-right: 17px; padding-left: 17px; border: 0px; line-height: 29px;">  4、有效地防护职业暴露:细胞毒性药物的配置由原先开放环境转入负压环境,大大减少了对医护人员和病人的毒害;</h3><p style="margin-bottom: 15px; padding-right: 17px; padding-left: 17px; border: 0px; line-height: 29px;">  5、强化管理,提高用药安全性和工作效率,提高服务质量:通过药师审方、调剂、复核、冲配复核和包装复核等多个环节的严格控制,能最大限度地减少因各种因素导致的用药错误,保证患者用药安全;</h3><p style="margin-bottom: 15px; padding-right: 17px; padding-left: 17px; border: 0px; line-height: 29px;">  6、发展临床药学,推广合理用药:当前的医院药学已由保障供应型为主转向药学临床服务型。建立PIVAS就建立了一个与临床医生探讨合理用药的途径和密切联系的良好机制,目前这些医院都配有临床药师,可以发现并纠正问题处方或用药不当,降低给药错误。</h3><p style="margin-bottom: 15px; padding-right: 17px; padding-left: 17px; border: 0px; line-height: 29px;">  PIVAS先进的静脉药物配置技术和药师全面参与临床合理用药是现代医院药学服务的重要内容,对全面提升医院的管理水平和药物治疗水平起了重要作用。</h3></div> <h3><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;">P</span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;">I</span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;">VA</span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;">S</span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;">的工作流程</span><br></h3><h3><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; white-space: normal;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;临床医师开具静脉输液</span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; white-space: normal;">治疗处方或用药医嘱→用药医嘱信息传递→药师审核→打印标签→贴签摆药→核对→混合调配→输液成品核对→输液成品包装→分病区放置于密闭容器中、加锁或封条→由工人送至病区→病区药疗护士开锁(或开封)核对签收→给患者用药前护士应当再次与病历用药医嘱核对→给患者静脉输注用药。</span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"><br></span></h3> <h1><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;">&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></h1><h3><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;">P</span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;">I</span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;">VA</span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;">S的目的</span></h3><h3><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; white-space: normal;"></span></h3><h3> 药品本身就是一种特殊的商品,它的质量要求是非常的严格的,因此引入静脉药物的集中调配,它的目的也是为了提升静脉输液成品质量,促进临床静脉用药安全、有效、经济、适当。建立静脉用药调配中心,既可以保证静脉滴注药物的无菌性,还能够防止微粒的污染,尽量的避免不良反应的发生,或者是将其的危害降到最低,同时药师就利用自己的专业来杜绝不合理的用药现象,来确保药物的相容性和稳定性,将给药的错误降到最低。<br></h3> <h3>  静脉用药调配中心,它作为医院的新生的部门,是有着专业的无菌操作间和仪器设备来保证配药环境的洁净,也是有着非常专业的药师来保证患者的用药合理性。还有经过严格培训的护士来保证能够精准调配出安全的静脉用药,大家共同为患者守护着针尖上的安全。</h3>