<h3>区别一:烧制方式不同
电烧:是目前最常用的一种烧制手段,通过微电脑来控制机器给炉内的加热棒给胚胎加热,其成品率与成本方面要比柴烧好很多。
<br></h3> <h3>柴烧:在我国古代的宋朝时期烧造建盏均是龙窑柴烧,也是众多陶瓷匠人一直所遵循的烧制技艺,他们深知建盏与自然相乘相辅的法则用心去敬畏自然,建窑建盏烧制的匠人们很多时候只能听天由命,这也就是有的盏友问我,为什么烧窑还要烧香拜拜。<br></h3> <h3>因为当天气温、气压、湿度的不同,加柴部位的不同,就会导致窑位、窑温的不同,
从而会产生不同釉色的花纹如:兔毫、金兔毫、蓝兔毫、银兔毫、金油滴、银油滴、鹧鸪斑、曜变等。
所谓入窑一色,出窑万千的原因也就来源于此。<br></h3> <h3>区别二:烧制的特点不同
电烧建盏:电烧工艺的建盏,气泡大小均匀密集,釉色温度,釉面华丽光亮。
柴烧建盏:木材燃烧之后的灰烬伴随着火焰直接窜入窑内,窑内的落灰自然落在胚体之上;
其色泽温暖,层次丰富,无丝毫粉饰之感;
由于烧窑过程中温度时高时低,气泡会大小不一,有一定层次感。
不过大部分的建盏技艺传承人已经开始不再选择用龙窑柴烧了,而是选择了容易控制温度的电窑烧制。<br></h3> <h3>电烧</h3> <h3>柴烧</h3> <h3>柴烧,烧制出来的建盏釉面温润器型典雅,似乎还保留一丝宋代文人墨客的韵味,宋朝时期是建盏的巅峰时期,众多文人墨客用其品茶<br></h3> <h3>建盏的柴烧与电烧一直是当今比较常用的两种烧制工艺。也是让茶友跟收藏者比较迷惑、难以区分并无法评判孰好孰坏的根本认知点。那么今天美学禅茶就来跟大家聊聊建盏的柴烧与电烧的工艺区别以及产品的不同。
首先,龙窑柴烧工艺复杂,外界因素的影响较大。龙窑的建造和松木的烧制成本均非常高。同时成品率只有10%-15%,且不少成品有瑕疵、火纹、灰尘颗粒等。此外柴烧建盏的烧制过程中有“6个重要制约因素”,那就是受当天气温、气压、湿度的制约;受加柴部位的制约;受放置窑位的制约;受局部窑温的制约;受还原气氛的制约;受温度升降幅度的制约;正是由于种种原因的左右,导致柴烧建盏“入窑一色,出窑万千”的特点。因此柴烧建盏人为可控性小,成品率极低,偶然性、运气成分比较高,进而导致柴烧建盏价格居高不下。但柴烧建盏品相拙朴,外观端庄雅致,纹理纯粹自然,有很高的收藏价值,故受到老茶友及发烧级收藏者的喜爱。<br></h3> <h3><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 12.75px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; letter-spacing: 0.408px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 2; font-family: 宋体; line-height: 1.6; word-wrap: break-word !important;">电烧建盏即是在一个密闭的小箱内,通过微电脑控制器来控制炉内的加热棒给建盏铁胎加热。这种烧制工艺不会产生火与土的煅炼,对氧化、还原气氛以及温度可控。故电烧建盏多是明亮艳丽,这与人们的传统审美习惯和市场需求有关。由于去掉了匣钵束缚,建盏的器形也可以不受大小制约,釉色也愈加鲜艳夺目。</span><strong style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 12.75px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; letter-spacing: 0.408px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 2; font-family: 宋体; line-height: 1.6; word-wrap: break-word !important;">由于温度可控,所以电烧建盏的胎质不必像柴烧那样厚重,可以展现出一定的轻巧玲珑之美</strong><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 12.75px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; letter-spacing: 0.408px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 2; font-family: 宋体; line-height: 1.6; word-wrap: break-word !important;">(</span><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 12.75px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; letter-spacing: 0.408px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 2; font-family: 宋体; line-height: 1.6; word-wrap: break-word !important;">柴烧窑温要达到1300度,此时盏胎里的石粉就会溶解,重新组合开始石化,这时候器具在窑里是通红且软的,此时如果气流稍大器具就严重变形了,所以一般柴烧都会将胎做的很厚重,其目的就是为了减少变形,等出窑就会看到建盏的胎质有点像石头的感觉。</span><br></h3> <h3>衡量柴烧与电烧的众多特点,以油滴盏为例,其本质区别就是:柴烧的建盏油滴纹理在釉内,而电烧的建盏油滴纹理多在釉中、釉外。其实通俗一点说就是柴烧的玻化程度更重一些,而电烧的玻化程度相对轻一些。
柴烧,不仅是燃烧薪柴,更是人与窑的对话、火与土的共舞,运用最原始自然的方式结合而成美丽作品。它散发着的质朴,浑厚,朴拙的美感。柴烧是对传统烧制工艺的敬重与尊崇,让建盏的传统烧制工艺作为非物质文化遗产代代传承延续。让古朴雅致的建盏文化能长久不衰,最大限度的呈现出建盏的艺术魅力。使每一位柴烧建盏拥有者唇沾历史,品饮岁月。<br></h3> <p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei UI', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.75px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; letter-spacing: 0.408px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> </span></h3><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei UI', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.75px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; letter-spacing: 0.408px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;">电烧是利用当今的科技对烧制工艺进行了升级和改造,使烧制工艺更加可控和简易化。以此来创造更为生动的釉面纹理,大幅提升建盏烧制的成品率,以此来降低建盏的价格,<strong style="max-width: 100%; word-wrap: break-word !important;">使电烧建盏外观更漂亮、价格更亲民</strong></span></h3> <p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei UI', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.75px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; letter-spacing: 0.408px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; word-wrap: break-word !important;">柴烧跟电烧只要满足胎质选取正宗、手工制胎手法规范、烧制工艺过硬、釉料调制专业可靠这四点基本要求,</strong>那么不管是柴烧和电烧,都会创造出建盏精品。都会得到大众的认可和追捧。基本具有等同的收藏价值。</span></h3><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei UI', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.75px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; letter-spacing: 0.408px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"></span></h3><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei UI', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.75px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; letter-spacing: 0.408px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; word-wrap: break-word !important;">最后,随着近年柴烧工艺的复苏,柴烧窑口的增多,一些建盏收藏爱好者探讨最多的一个问题是,到底什么样的建盏最有收藏价值。那么美学禅茶就把自己的一点建盏鉴赏的小心得分享给你,希望能给予广大茶友及收藏者们一定的帮助。</span></h3><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei UI', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.75px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; letter-spacing: 0.408px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; word-wrap: break-word !important;"> </span></h3><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei UI', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.75px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; letter-spacing: 0.408px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; word-wrap: break-word !important;">1</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; word-wrap: break-word !important;">、若以油滴与兔毫相比——油滴为上;</span></h3><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei UI', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.75px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; letter-spacing: 0.408px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; word-wrap: break-word !important;">2</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; word-wrap: break-word !important;">、若以光影颜色相比——蓝光胜银光,七彩为最佳;</span></h3><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei UI', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.75px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; letter-spacing: 0.408px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; word-wrap: break-word !important;">3</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; word-wrap: break-word !important;">、若以晶面匀度比较——愈均匀分布为上;</span></h3><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei UI', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.75px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; letter-spacing: 0.408px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; word-wrap: break-word !important;">4</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; word-wrap: break-word !important;">、若以晶体大小比较——颗粒愈大愈上;</span></h3><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei UI', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.75px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; letter-spacing: 0.408px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; word-wrap: break-word !important;">5</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; word-wrap: break-word !important;">、若以晶体立体度比较——愈立体</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; word-wrap: break-word !important;">3D</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; word-wrap: break-word !important;">比平面</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; word-wrap: break-word !important;">2D</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; word-wrap: break-word !important;">为上;</span></h3>