肛门痛就竟是因为什么

仲超祥

<p style="font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 2; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;">肛门痛,非比一般,经历的人只能悄悄的痛,这个地方的事,难登大雅之堂。肛门痛,有撕裂样、割裂样,有坠痛、<span style="font-family: 微软雅黑; letter-spacing: 0.544px;">肛门痛,有撕裂样、割裂样,有坠痛、</span>灼热痛、胀痛、痉挛性抽痛。排便时痛、持续性痛、间歇性痛。让人苦不堪言的疼痛感使得生活质量严重下降。,而肛门痛究竟是因为什么呢?</h3><p style="font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 2; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;">&nbsp; &nbsp;肛周皮肤和肛管周围肌肉,密布阴部神经丛和尾丛神经等体神经,感觉反应十分敏锐。疼痛来自两个方面,一是损伤、炎症或手术创伤,二是损伤、炎症引起反射性肛提肌和肛门括约肌痉挛,加上心理恐惧和紧张,肛门括约肌持续收缩,胀痛不止。</h3> <h3>1、肛裂引发的肛门痛最为常见</h3> <h3><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 2;">急性肛裂仅在排便时痛,撕裂或割裂样。陈旧性肛裂周期性痛,排便时痛,之后缓解,半小时后开始胀痛和抽痛,持续6小时以上。伴有出鲜红色血,便秘等症状。</span><br></h3> <h3>2、其次肛门痔疮引起的疼痛</h3> <h3><font color="#010101"><p style="font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 2; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;">内痔嵌顿,胀痛、灼痛,好发于3、4期平时会有脱出的内痔,内痔脱出在外,粘膜破损、出血、坏死。</h3><p style="font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 2; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;">血栓性外痔,胀痛或刺痛,轻的有异物感,多因大便用力,肛周静脉血管破损,血块凝结皮下成血栓,肛门处现青紫色圆形硬块。</h3><p style="font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 2; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;">炎性外痔,坠胀、灼痛,肛门边局限性肿块,质地较硬,触痛明显。多因劳累,肛裂或手术刺激发生。</h3></font></h3> <h3>3、肛周感染―肛周脓肿和肛瘘引起肛门痛</h3> <h3><font color="#010101"><p style="font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 2; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;">肛隐窝感染,炎症向周围扩散,初期痒痛,化脓时胀痛、坠痛、鸡啄样痛。</h3><p style="font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 2; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;">肛周皮下脓肿、坐骨直肠窝脓肿是低位脓肿,体表有肿块,红肿热痛;骨盆直肠窝脓肿、直肠后间隙脓肿等高位脓肿,表现为直肠坠胀,排便不尽感,全身症状明显,有高热。</h3><p style="font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 2; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;">脓肿后期大多数会形成肛瘘,肛瘘外口发炎肿痛,或再感染发生肛周脓肿。</h3></font></h3> <h3>4、肛窦炎引起的肛门痛</h3> <h3><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 2;">发炎的肛窦致肛门部微痛、灼痛、坠胀,如括约肌受刺激挛缩,疼痛加剧,并向臀部及大腿根部、尾骨处放射。偶伴有少量脓性或粘液性分泌物溢出肛门,可致肛周潮湿、瘙痒等不适。肛窦炎病情反复,发生心理方面的变化。</span><br></h3> <h3>5、肛门神经官能症</h3> <h3><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 2;">精神创伤或有误导或曾有的局部疼痛刺激,导致大脑皮层功能紊乱,植物神经功能紊乱,局部神经功能失调,肛门直肠感觉异常。肛门症状离奇,诉说有风吹过、虫子爬过的感觉,异物感等等。专科检查没有异常体征。症状会随着情绪波动而变化加重。</span><br></h3> <h3>6、功能性肛门直肠痛</h3> <h3>慢性功能性肛门直肠痛常为模糊钝痛,电击样、或表现直肠的压力感增高,长时间坐位及卧位时加重,持续数小时至数天。慢性或反复发作。 痉挛性肛门直肠痛,肛门部位突发的剧烈疼痛,持续数秒或数分,然后完全消失。多半夜发生,发作时间无规律,可几天或几年内发作一次。<br></h3> <h3>7、肛门异物损伤痛</h3> <h3><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 2;">疼痛持续性,外伤异物残留,或饮食不当,将鱼刺、骨片、果核等嵌插在肛管直肠导致,取出异物,疼痛缓解。若滞留时间过长,会引起局部感染。</span><br></h3> <h3>8、其它</h3> <h3><font color="#010101"><p style="font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 2; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;">肛门直肠术后疼痛,创面恢复过程中疼痛10天左右。</h3><p style="font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 2; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;">炎症性肠病,肛门坠胀,伴随大便次数增多,夹杂粘液,有便血。</h3><p style="font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 2; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;">肛门直肠癌肿,早期无痛,肿块增大破溃后,出现肛门部坠胀、隐痛,有大便习惯改变、脓血便、腹胀、腹痛、消瘦等。</h3><p style="font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 2; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;">还有其他疾病,如妇科疾病、前列腺疾病、骶前囊肿等也可能导致肛门痛。</h3></font></h3> <h3><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 2; background-color: rgba(254, 254, 254, 0.701961);">肛门疼痛影响大,会因疼痛刺激或惧怕疼痛导致排便障碍,发生持续性胀痛,痉挛性抽痛,会排尿困难和尿潴留、盆底功能障碍等。不能因为隐私等原因,不去就医或咨询医生而贻误病情,严重的长期疼痛更会导致心理障碍。</span><br></h3>