【就近原则】--初中英语语法

Elsie

<h1 style="text-align: center; "><font color="#ed2308"><b>就近原则</b></font></h1><h1><font color="#ed2308"><b>即谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最凑近它的词语。</b></font></h1><h1><font color="#ed2308"><b><br></b></font></h1><div><b><font color="#ff8a00">初中英语语法学习中代表词汇:</font></b></div><div>as well as; (together/along) with; rather than; except; besides; but; including; in addition to; apart from</div><div><br></div><h1><b><font color="#ed2308">用法</font></b></h1><div><b><font color="#ff8a00">1. 连词or not…but…, either…or…, neither…nor…, not only…but also…等衔接的并列主语,谓语动词的数与凑近它的主语一致。</font></b>如:</div><div>Not his parents but he <u><font color="#167efb">doesn’t</font></u> want to go.</div><div>是他的父母不想去而不是他不想去。</div><div><br></div><div><b><font color="#ff8a00">2. 当there be后有两个或多少个并列的主语时,be的数由与其靠得最近的那个主语一致。</font></b>如:There <u><font color="#167efb">is</font></u> an apple, two pears and some oranges on the plate. </div><div>盘子里有一个苹果,两个梨子跟一些桔子。There <u><font color="#167efb">are</font></u> two pears, some oranges and an apple on the plate. </div><div>盘子里有两个梨子,一些桔子和一个苹果。</div><div><br></div><div><font color="#ff8a00"><b>3. 由 or,not only … but also …, either … or …, neither … nor …,not … but …等连接两个名词作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式要根据就近准则来判断。</b></font>如:</div><div>You or he <u><font color="#167efb">is</font></u> going to be sent to study abroad.你或者他将被送去国外学习。</div><div><br></div><div><b><font color="#ff8a00">4. “名词 + 介词 / 介词短语( with,together with,along with,as well as 等) + 名词”作主语时,谓语动词的单复数由介词前的名词的单复数形式决定。</font></b> 如:</div><div>Tom as well as his parents <u><font color="#167efb">enjoys</font></u> fishing .</div><div>汤姆和他的父母都喜欢钓鱼。</div><div><br></div><div><b><font color="#ff8a00">5. 主语从句、不定式或动名词作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。</font></b>如:</div><div>What we can’t get <u><font color="#167efb">seems</font></u> better than what we have .无法得到的似乎比我们所拥有的要好。</div><div><br></div><div><b><font color="#ff8a00">6. 定语从句中,当先行词在从句中作主语时,从句谓语与先行词的人称和数保持一致;但“ one of + 名词复数”作先行词时,如在 one 前有 the,the very,the only 等词修饰时,从句谓语动词要用单数形式,若不,则用复数形式。</font></b>如:He is one of the students who <u><font color="#167efb">have</font></u> been praised by the headmaster.</div><div>他是受到校长表扬的学生之一。</div><div><br></div><div><font color="#ff8a00"><b>7. there be 句型中,be 的单复数情势由其后的名词决定,如果有两个或两个以上的名词,则按就近准则决议。</b></font>如:</div><div>There <u><font color="#167efb">is</font></u> only a desk in the room.</div><div>只有一张桌子在房间。</div>